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Art History 110 > Greek Art > Flashcards

Greek Art Flashcards

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1
Q

ID - Dipylon Krater

A

Greek, Geometric Period 8th Century

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2
Q

ID - Anavysos Kouros

A

Greek, Archaic Period 6th Century

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3
Q

ID - Peplos Kore

A

Greek, Archaic Period 6th Century

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4
Q

ID - Kritios Boy

A

Greek, Early Classical Period 5th Century

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5
Q

ID - Diskobolos (Discus Thrower)

A

Myron, Early Classical Period 5th Century

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6
Q

ID - Doryphorus (Spear Bearer)

A

Polykleitos, High Classical Period 5th Century

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7
Q

ID - The Parthenon

A

Iktinos & Kallikrates, High Classical Period 5th Century

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8
Q

ID - Nike Fastening Her Sandal

A

Greek, High Classical Period 5th Century

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9
Q

ID - Apoxyomenos (Scraper)

A

Lysippos, Late Classical Period 4th Century

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10
Q

ID - Laocoon Group

A

Greek, Hellenistic Period

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11
Q

ID - Nike of Samothrace (Winged Victory)

A

Greek, Hellenistic Period

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12
Q

What developments define the archaic period?

A

Life-size stone statues (Kouros and Kore) and the shift from black-figure vase painting to red-figure vase painting. Also the archaic smile :)

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13
Q

How do you identify Doric architecture?

A

Plain capital & column with triglyphs and metopes

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14
Q

How do you identify Ionic architecture?

A

Swirly capital with continuous frieze (no triglyphs and metopes)

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15
Q

What does the sculpture “The Old Seer” foreshadow?

A

The emotion/drama in Hellenistic art

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16
Q

What does hubris mean?

A

Pride

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17
Q

What is the name of excess hubris and what does it do to Western civilization?

A

Nemesis; separates its history from that of Asia

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18
Q

What differentiates Early Classical sculpture from Archaic sculpture?

A

Archaic smile is gone :(
Proportionate
Contrapposto weight shift
Lost Wax method of bronze sculpture

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19
Q

Who created “Diskobolos” and what concept does it introduce?

A

Myron; the “S” curve of motion

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20
Q

Why is “Kritios Boy” significant?

A

Introduces contrapposto & transitions Archaic to Early Classical figure sculpture

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21
Q

Why is Doryphorus significant and who created it?

A

Canon of Greek proportions; Polykleitos

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22
Q

Who created the Parthenon?

A

Iktinos and Kallikrates

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23
Q

What order of architecture is the Parthenon?

A

Doric with an internal Ionic frieze

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24
Q

What are caryatids?

A

Columns with embedded female figure sculptures

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25
Q

What style did “Nike Fastening Her Sandal” foreshadow?

A

The Hellenistic “Wet Drapery” style

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26
Q

Who are three masters of Classical Greek sculpture?

A

Myron, Polykleitos, and Phidias

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27
Q

When and what did Myron sculpt?

A

Early Classical, “S” curve

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28
Q

When and what did Polykleitos sculpt?

A

High Classical, Canon of proportions

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29
Q

When and what did Phidias sculpt?

A

High Classical, Parthenon gods & godesses

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30
Q

What were the traditional Greek ideals?

A

Logic, balance, harmony, order, calm, youth, etc.

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31
Q

What caused Greek ideals to shift?

A

The Peloponnesian War

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32
Q

Who are some Classical 4th century philosophers?

A

Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, and Diogenes (the guy on tarot cards)

33
Q

Who are two Classical 4th century sculptors?

A

Lysippos and Praxiteles

34
Q

Why was “Apoxyomenos (Scraper)” significant?

A

Showed human action rather than idealized poses

35
Q

What is contrapposto?

A

Weight shift

36
Q

When was idealized beauty important in sculptures?

A

Classical 5th century

37
Q

What is a pediment?

A

The triangle thing on top of a temple

38
Q

What are triglyphs and metopes?

A

The lines and the dots on Doric friezes

39
Q

What is the difference between krater and amphora vases?

A

Krater vases have wider necks

40
Q

What was the center of the Hellenistic world and what country what was it in?

A

Pergamon in Turkey

41
Q

What is the main difference between Hellenistic sculpture and Classical sculpture?

A

Hellenistic sculpture is not idealized

42
Q

What four things are commonly portrayed in Hellenistic art?

A

Women, emotion, drapery, and DRAMA

43
Q

What do the Greeks want to understand?

A

Patterns in life

44
Q

What are the adjective forms of ethos and pathos?

A

Ethical and pathetic

45
Q

What are the artistic periods of Greece so far in our studies, in chronological order?

A

Geometric, Orientalizing, Archaic, Classical (early and high), and Hellenistic

46
Q

What are the Greek ideals of harmony and order replaced with after the Peloponnesian war?

A

Skepticism and cynicism

47
Q

What are Corinthian capitals?

A

Decorative leaf things

48
Q

What does Plato study?

A

Transcendental things

49
Q

What does Aristotle study?

A

Material things

50
Q

Why did Socrates die?

A

He believed obeying his condemnation was the ethical thing to do

51
Q

Who does Diogenes look for?

A

An honest man

52
Q

What did the “Dipylon Krater” do?

A

Grave marker at Dipylon cemetary

53
Q

What characteristics marked sculpture in the Orientalizing Period?

A

Long hair, frontal, static (Egyptian influences)

54
Q

What function did the Kouros and Kore serve?

A

Memorial (replaced krater)

55
Q

To which architectural order do caryatids belong?

A

Ionic

56
Q

Who was the first recorded sculptor?

A

Myron

57
Q

What was the significance of “Hermes & Baby Dionysus”?

A

Baby and adult shown together: humanization

58
Q

What began the Hellenistic Period?

A

The death of Alexander the Great

59
Q

What did “Dying Gaul” show?

A

Empathy for enemy soldier (less hubris over war victory than in Classical sculpture)

60
Q

Why was the “Aphrodite of Melos” considered so attractive?

A

Her falling dress provided temptation

61
Q

What was the greatest building program of pre-Roman times?

A

The Parthenon

62
Q

ID - Cycladic Female Figure

A

Cycladic, Prehistoric 2500-2300 BCE

63
Q

ID - Lyre Player

A

Cycladic, Prehistoric 2700-2500 BCE

64
Q

ID - Snake Goddess

A

Minoan, Late Minoan Period

65
Q

ID - Royal Treasury Atreus (Beehive Tombs)

A

Mycenaean, 1300-1250 BCE

66
Q

ID - Warrior Vase

A

Mycenaean, 1200 BCE

67
Q

Where were the Cycladic statuettes?

A

Buried with the dead

68
Q

What defined Minoan art?

A

Vital, nature based, curvilinear shapes, no concern with afterlife, biomorphic

69
Q

When was the potter’s wheel discovered?

A

2000 BCE

70
Q

What did the Palace at Knossos inspire and why?

A

The tale of the minotaur because it’s a rambling, open-air labyrinth

71
Q

Why does Mycenaean art differ from Minoan and how?

A

Because their cultures differ; Mycenaean art focuses on war (Homeric theme) instead of nature

72
Q

What virtues are illustrated in Homeric works?

A

Heroism, strength, loyalty, courage, etc.

73
Q

What is a corbeled vault?

A

Overlapping stones that create a vaulted arch

74
Q

What did the Mycenaeans believe built the “Lion Gate”?

A

A cyclops: that’s why it’s called cyclopean architecture

75
Q

What does repousse mean and what is the repousse technique used for?

A

To push out; for sculptures like the gold “Funeral Mask”

76
Q

What is Fresco Buono?

A

“True fresco”, painting on wet plaster

77
Q

What is Fresco Secco?

A

Painting on dry plaster

78
Q

HOMERIC THEME HOMERIC THEME HOMERIC THEME

A

HOMERIC THEME HOMERIC THEME HOMERIC THEME

Art History 110 (4 decks)

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