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Art History 110 > Etruscan & Roman Art > Flashcards

Etruscan & Roman Art Flashcards

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1
Q

ID - Apollo

A

Etruscan, Archaic Period 6th Century BCE

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2
Q

ID - Reclining Couple Sarcophagus

A

Etruscan, Archaic Period 6th Century BCE

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3
Q

ID - Head of an Old Man

A

Roman, Roman Republic Period

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4
Q

ID - Temple of Fortuna Virilis

A

Roman, Roman Republic Period

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5
Q

ID - Augustus of Primaporta

A

Roman, Early Empire Period

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6
Q

ID - The Arch of Titus

A

Roman, Early Empire Period

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7
Q

ID - Pont-du-Gard

A

Roman, Early Empire Period

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8
Q

ID - The Colosseum

A

Roman, Early Empire Period

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9
Q

ID - Pantheon

A

Roman, High Empire Period

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10
Q

ID - The Tetrarchs

A

Roman, Late Empire Period

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11
Q

What were the two main architectural advances of the Etruscans?

A

Masonry architecture and atrium houses (apparently? she said that in class but i think that tumuli are important too)

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12
Q

What was the most common Etruscan painting technique?

A

Fresco

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13
Q

What characterizes Etruscan sculpture?

A

Motion, power, dynamism

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14
Q

What do Etruscan frescos provide?

A

The most important example of pre-Roman figurative art

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15
Q

Who supposedly founded Rome?

A

Romulus, after killing Remus

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16
Q

What is another common name for the Etruscan culture? (This is definitely on the test)

A

The Monarchy Period (in relation to Roman history)

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17
Q

What are the origins of the Etruscans?

A

It is a mystery

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18
Q

What was the role of women in Etruscan society?

A

They had independence and freedom

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19
Q

How did the Etruscans treat death?

A

As a celebration

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20
Q

What was a tumulus?

A

A circular artificial hill that served as a family tomb, often decorated to be identical to the family’s home

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21
Q

What material was used to build tumuli?

A

Tufa (local limestone)

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22
Q

What type of arch is the “Arch of Constantine”?

A

Triple & triumphal arch

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23
Q

What is significant about the placement of the “Constatine the Great” sculpture in the apse of the Basilica Nova?

A

It showed his power

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24
Q

What were the Roman basilicas used for and what did they precede?

A

Courts of law; Christian basilicas (used as churches)

25
Q

When did Constantine legalize Christianity?

A

313 CE

26
Q

When did Constantine recognize Christianity as the official religion of Rome?

A

325 CE

27
Q

What was very important in Roman architecture?

A

Interior space

28
Q

What characterizes Roman art as a whole?

A

It makes use of classical forms but expresses non-classical concepts

29
Q

Where was Rome’s genius found?

A

Law, government, engineering, architecture, and the creation of concrete

30
Q

What were Rome’s energies?

A

Conquest & administration (includes architecture)

31
Q

What was the preferred sculptural medium of the Etruscans?

A

Clay or bronze

32
Q

What is the sculpture “Head of an Old Man” an example of?

A

Verism

33
Q

What is verism?

A

Truth in sculpture; naturalism

34
Q

Name an example of religious architecture from the Roman Republic Period.

A

Temple of Fortuna Virilis

35
Q

What are engaged columns?

A

Decorative columns that are attached to exterior walls and serve no function

36
Q

Name an example of domestic architecture from the Roman Republic Period.

A

Atrium of the House of the Vettii

37
Q

What is a compluvium?

A

A rectangular opening in the ceiling of an atrium

38
Q

What is an impluvium?

A

A basin in the floor of an atrium

39
Q

What are the styles of wall painting?

A

Masonry (marble illusion), Illusionistic (narrative, architectural/perspective, landscape), Ornate (subdivided panels), and Intricate (combination of all)

40
Q

What sculpture was the base for the “Augustus of Primaporta”?

A

“Doryphoros” by Polykleitos

41
Q

What change did the Romans make to Polykleitos’s statue?

A

They added a veristic head, in contrast to the idealized style of the original statue

42
Q

What type of monument is the “Ara Pacis”?

A

Sculptural & commemorative

43
Q

What does the “Ara Pacis” represent?

A

The 41 years of peace under the rule of Augustus

44
Q

What type of arch is the “Arch of Titus”?

A

Triumphal arch & commemorative monument

45
Q

What is a triumphal arch?

A

An “ancient billboard” which displays ancestry or deeds of the owner (usually the emperor)

46
Q

What can both the “Pont-du-Gard” and the “Colosseum” be considered?

A

Triumphs of Roman engineering

47
Q

What architectural advancements were essential to the construction of the “Pont-du-Gard” and the “Colosseum”?

A

The invention of concrete and barrel & groin vaults (know what they look like!)

48
Q

Without what would there be no Rome?

A

Water, and by extension aqueducts

49
Q

What does the “Column of Trajan” function as?

A

A sculptural & commemorative monument with a continuous narrative (important) that displays “content over form” (very important) with a tomb at the base

50
Q

What classification of architecture is the “Pantheon”?

A

Religious

51
Q

What enabled the dome of the “Pantheon” to remain stable?

A

Concrete, coffered dome, and oculus

52
Q

What is an ambulatory?

A

A walkway

53
Q

What is an insula?

A

A Roman apartment building

54
Q

What is a domus?

A

A Roman single family home

55
Q

What standard does the “Equestrian Statue of Marcus Aurelius” set?

A

The style and pose of basically every equestrian statue ever

56
Q

Who was Marcus Aurelius?

A

The last great Roman Imperial Emperor

57
Q

What is important about the “Tetrarchs” sculpture?

A

It was abstract representation of a form of government: complete departure from the idealism of Greece and the verism of the Roman Republic

58
Q

Name an example of civic architecture & its time period.

A

Basilicas, Late Empire Period

Art History 110 (4 decks)

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