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Master Sommelier (2023 update on the way) > Greece > Flashcards

Greece Flashcards

Region Varieties

1
Q

What are the 4 PDOs of Macedonia?

A
  1. Naoussa PDO
  2. Amynteo PDO
  3. Goumenissa PDO
  4. Slopes of Meliton
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2
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Amynteo PDO

A

Macedonia - Greece

  • Sparkling Rose: Traditional method or tank method
  • Still Rose
  • Dry Red
  • 100% Xinomavro
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3
Q

What is the only grape variety of Amynteo PDO?

A

100% Xinomavro

Produce dry red, rose and sparkling rose

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4
Q

What are the sweetest regulation on the production of Amynteo sparkling wines?

A
  • Sparkling rose: 17-32 g/l
  • Semi-sweet sparkling rose: 32-50 g/l
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5
Q

What is the minimum ageing requirement for Reserve / Selected red wines in Greece?

A
  • Minimum 2 years in total
  • including 12 months in oak and 6 months in bottles
  • Only allow for dry wines
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6
Q

What is the minimum ageing requirement for Grande Reserve red wines in Greece?

A
  • Wines must be aged for a minimum of 4 years in total
  • This must include at least 18 months in barrels and 18 other months in bottle

This term is only used on the production of dry wines

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7
Q

What is the name of the God of wine in the Greek mythology ?

A

Dionysus

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8
Q

Name the specific resin name used for the production of Retsina

A

Aleppo Pine Resin

Back in times, wines were transported around Ancient Greece in Amphora, covered with this Pine Resin to prevent any for of spoilage

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9
Q

Can you name the grape variety most use for the production of Retsina

A

Savvatiano

Retsina can not be vintage dated on the label

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10
Q

Can Retsina wine be vintage dated?

A

No,

This wine is only considered as a tradition wine appelation but classified in PGI for the European court. It does not have any legal term and regulation

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11
Q

Name the 2 biggest wine producer of Greece?

A
  1. Boutari
  2. Tsantali
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12
Q

What are the 2 level of PDO appellations of the Greek wine industry?
Precise their focus.

A
  • OPAP: Controlled Appellation of Origin: for dry wines
  • OPE: Appellation of Superior Quality: For traditional sweet wine appellations
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13
Q

What is the ageing assessment for the production of Reserve white in Greece?

A
  • Minimum 1 years in total
  • including 6 months in oak and 3 months in bottles

Only allow for dry wines

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14
Q

What is the ageing assessment for the production of Grande Reserve white wine in Greece?

A
  • Minimum 2 years in total
  • including 12 months in oak and 6 months in bottles

Only allow for dry wines

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15
Q

Name 2 of the most famous PGI traditional wines of Greece?

A
  1. Retsina
  2. Verdea
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16
Q

Explain the following wine style and precise its location:

Verdea

A

Zakynthos in the Ionian island

  • Oxydative wine - sherry like
  • Produced from the Skiadopoulo, Pavlos, Robola, Goustolidi, Avgoustiatis
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17
Q

Precise the grape varieties of the following wine:

Verdea

A
  • Skiadopoulo
  • Pavlos
  • Robola
  • Goustolidi
  • Avgoustiatis
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18
Q

What is the signification of the term Cava on the Greek wine industry?

A

This is link with minimal ageing requirement under the PGI rules

  • White and Rose: at least 1 year of ageing including 6 months in oak
  • Red: At least 3 years of ageing including at least 12 months in oak
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19
Q

What is the following term referred to? From where

Palaiomenos se Vareli

A
  • This term is used in Greece
  • This can be added to a Cava, Reserve or Grande Reserve wines to mention than the wine spends an extended time in oak in comparison of the official rules
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20
Q

What is the North-Eastern most wine region of the Greece mainland?

A

Thrace

This wine region does not claim any PDO wine area.

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21
Q

What is the traduction / meaning of

Xinomavro

A

Acid-black

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22
Q

Name the single owner and producer of the Slopes of Meliton PDO?

A
  • *Domaine Porto Carras**
  • Evangelos Gerovassiliou launch the estate in 1970 after been trained in Bordeaux*
  • Red wines: Based in Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Franc, Limnios
  • White wines: Assyrtiko, Athiri, Rhoditis
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23
Q

What was the first Cooperatives winery of Greece?
When was it established?

A

Samos
Founded in 1934

Few cooperatives were created at this period to absorb the over production of grape in the all country.

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24
Q

Why Retsina was heavily produced on the 1950’s?

A

The pine resin was used to hide a rough, harsh taste of some large scale production wines.

This disturb the market, and give hard time for Greek wine to show up as a quality wine production in following decades.

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25
Q

When did the Greek wine laws were first introduced?

A
  • In 1969, Greece started its first wine law
  • In 1971 most of the today wine regions were created.
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26
Q

When did Greece joined European Union?

A

1981

This largely helps the country to open its door to export and also in planting new international grape in the country

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27
Q

What is the following term refer to?

Kokkineli

A

This is a Retsina produced from the pink-skinned Roditis variety, made as a rose wine

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28
Q

What are the most planted variety in Greece?

A
  1. Savvatiano: 16.5%
  2. Roditis: 14.3%
  3. Agiorgitiko: 5%
  4. Liatiko: 3%
  5. Xinomavro: 3%

Pourcentages are in link to country annual average production in variety

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29
Q

What is the latitude of Greece?

A

Greece is located between the 34th and 42nd parallels North

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30
Q

What is the Greece’s tallest mountain peak?

A
  • *Mount Olympus**
  • Reach 3,000m above sea Level*
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31
Q

Name the most important mountain range of Greece?

A

Pindos Mountains

Sourthern most extention of the Alps mountains.
It’s covers most of the Greece mainland, from the North to Peloponnese on the south

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32
Q

What are the 3 main seas surrounding Greece?

A
  • Aegean Sea on the East
  • Ionian Sea on the West
  • Libyan Sea on the south of Crete
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33
Q

What are the 3 sub-classification of the Aegean island?

A
  • Cyclades: Surrounding Santorini island
  • Dodecanese: The south east part, nearest to Turkey
  • North Aegean Island: Closer to Macedonia
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34
Q

What are the main wine regions of Greece?

A

From North to South

  • Tharce
  • Macedonia
  • Epirus
  • Thessalia
  • Central Greece
  • Peloponnese
  • Crete
  • Aegean Islands
  • Ionian islands
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35
Q

Name the wind of the Aegean island, helps mitigate the hot and dry climate

A

Meltemi

Cold wind from the north Balkan regions.

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36
Q

Explain the following term:

TO

A

= Topikos Oinos

Equivalent of the french Vin de Pays

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37
Q

How may PDO are nowadays all over Greece?

A

33 in total

They are all focus on indigenous varieties, out of Slopes of Meliton PDO and Messenikola PDO

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38
Q

What is the method of production of the following wine in Greece?

Vins naturellement doux

A

Wines produced only from sun-dried grapes

No botrytis, no fortification at any point

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39
Q

What spirit is used on the production Vin Doux Naturel in the Greek landscape?

A

Tsipouro

Greek grappa

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40
Q

What estatein Greece blend Mavrodaphne with Cabernet Sauvignon and Resfosco?

A

Domaine Mercouri
Western Peloponnese

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41
Q

What are the 4 Xinomavro PDO based of Greece?

A
  • Amynteo
  • Naoussa
  • Goumenissa: Blended with Negoska
  • Rapsani: Blended with Krassato and Stavroto
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42
Q

What are the most important PDOs for the Mandillaria variety in Greece ?

A
  • Archanes
  • Candia
  • Peza
  • Paros
  • Rhodes
  • Sitia
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43
Q

There is any PDO within the Thrace region?

A

No, only few PGI

PGI District: Evros

PGI Area wine: Avdira and Ismaros

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44
Q

What is the most important city of Macedonia?

A

Thessaloniki

2nd largest city of Greece, located on the coast, with on of the biggest port of the country

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45
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Amynteo PDO

A

Western Macedonia - Greece

  • Located Near the Pindos mountain range
  • One of the coldest wine region of Greece, with common snow fall
  • 100% Xinomavro
  • Dry red and rose wines, also sparkling rose
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46
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Naoussa PDO

A

Macedonia - Greece

  • 100% Xinomavro
  • Dry red
  • Sweet red: 4,5 to 17,5 g/l
  • Semi-sweet red : 17,5 to 45 g/l
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47
Q

What is the soil type of Naoussa PDO?

A

Mostly rich clay with limestone

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48
Q

Location and year of establishment of the following:

Boutari

A

Largest winery of Greece, based in Macedonia since 1879.

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49
Q

Name few Crus of Naoussa allow to appear on the label.

A
  • Trifolos: low elevation
  • Fytia: higher altitude
  • Ramnista
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50
Q

What is the mountain range located near Goumenissa PDO?

A

Mount Paiko

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51
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Goumenissa PDO

A

Macedonia - Greece

  • Xinomavro + at least 20% Negoska
  • Dry red wines only
  • Minimum altitude: 150m above sea Level
  • Warmest region of the 3 Macedonian Xinomavro based
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52
Q

Grape must be part of the blend in Goumenissa PDO?

A

Negoska

It must represent at least 20% of the final blend

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53
Q

What is the southern most region of production of Xinomavro in Greece?

A

Rapsani PDO

  • Thessalia
  • Xinomavro is know as Principal Variety.
  • Krassato and Stavroto are authorised variety of the final blend
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54
Q

Style of wine and location of the following?

Rapsani PDO

A

Thessalia - Greece

  • Dry red wine only
  • Xinomavro + Krassato and Stavroto
  • Hand harvest is required and grapes can not be carried in more than 20kg plastic boxes
  • malo-lactic fermentation me be done in oak barrel
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55
Q

Under Rapsani PDO, what varieties can be blended alongside Xinomavro?

A
  • Krassato
  • Stavroto
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56
Q

What are the Greek’s 2 PDO allowing international varieties?

A
  • Slopes of Meliton PDO: Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Messenilkola PDO: Syrah and Carignan are complete the blend of the Mavro-Mesenikola variety
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57
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Messenikola PDO

A

Thessalonia - Greece

  • Dry red wine only
  • 70% minimum Mavro-Mesenikola
  • 30% maximum of Syrah and Carignan combined
58
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Anchialos PDO

A

Thessalonia - Greece

  • Dry white: 0 to 4 g/l sugar
  • Semi-Dry: 4.5 to 17.5 g/l sugar
  • Semi-sweet: 17.5 to 45 g/l sugar
  • Minimum 80% Roditis + Savvatiano
59
Q

What is the residual sugar ranges for the production of Anchialos PDO?

A
  • Dry: 0 to 4 g/l
  • Semi-dry: 4 to 17.5 g/l
  • Semi-sweet: 17.5 to 45 g/l

80% Roditis + Savvatiano

60
Q

What are the PDO of Thessalia wine region?

A
  • Rapsani PDO
  • Anchialos PDO
  • Messenikola PDO
61
Q

What is the sole PDO of Epirus wine region?

A

Zitsa PDO

  • Only dry white wine and sparkling
  • 100% Debina
  • Sparkling wines can be produced either in Traditional Method or in Tank
62
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Zitsa PDO

A

Single PDO of Epirus - Greece

  • 100% Debina
  • Dry white wine
  • Sparkling:
    • dry: 17 to 32 g/l Residual sugar
    • Semi-Dry: 32 to 50g/l Residual sugar
63
Q

What is the Residual sugar range for Zitsa PDO Sparkling wine?

A
  • Dry: 17 to 32 g/l Residual sugar
  • Semi-Dry: 32 to 50g/l Residual sugar
64
Q

What are the 2 PGI district of central Greece?

A
  • Attiki
  • Evia
65
Q

What are the PDOs of Peloponnese?

A
  • Nemea PDO
  • Mantinia PDO
  • Monemvasia-Malvasia PDO
  • Patras PDO
  • Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO
  • Muscat of Patras PDO
  • Muscat of Rio Patras PDO
66
Q

What is the style of wine and location of the following:

Nemea PDO

A

Peloponnese - Greece

  • 100% Agiorgitiko
  • Dry red
  • Vin Doux: Vin de Liqueur Fortification occurs prior to alcoholic fermentation
  • Vin de Liqueur: Fortification occurs during the alcoholic fermentation
67
Q

What is the grape variety of Nemea PDO?

A

100% Agiorgitiko

68
Q

Style of wine and location of the following

Mantinia PDO

A

Peloponnese - Greece

  • 85% Moschofilero + Asproudes
  • Dry white wine
  • Sparkling: Brut nature to doux
69
Q

When did Monemvasia-Malvasia PDO received its PDO appelation?

A
  • *July 2010**
  • One of the latest wine region to be awarded such statut*
70
Q

Style of wine and location of the following

Monemvasia-Malvasia PDO

A

Peloponnese - Greece

  • Naturally sweet wines: sun dried
  • Vin Doux Naturel: Fortified sweet
  • 51% Malvasia + Assyrtiko, Kydonitsa, Asproudes
  • Residual Sugar: minimum 80%
  • Must be aged for a minimum of 2 years.
  • If aged longer than 2 years, it must be multiples of 4 (4, 8, 12…)
71
Q

What is the minimum residual sugar required inMonemvasia-Malvasia PDO?

72
Q

What are the varieties of Monemvasia-Malvasia PDO?

A
  • 51% Malvasia
    • Kydonitsa, Assyrtiko, Asproudes
73
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Patras PDO

A

Peloponnese - Greece

  • 100% Roditis
  • Dry
  • Semi Dry: 4.5 to 17.5 g/l
  • Semi sweet: 12 to 45 g/l
74
Q

What is the variety of Patras PDO?

A
  • *100% Roditis**
  • Dry and sweet wines*
75
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Muscat of Patras PDO

A

Peloponnese - Greece

  • 100% Moschato Aspro
  • Fortified VDN: Fortified during fermentation
  • VDN Grand Cru with vineyard specification
  • Fortified VDL: fortified prior to fermentation
  • Natural sweet wine: sun dried grapes
76
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Muscat of Rio Patras PDO

A

Peloponnese - Greece

  • 100% Moschato Aspro
  • Fortified VDN: Fortified during fermentation
  • VDN Grand Cru with vineyard specification
  • Fortified VDL: fortified prior to fermentation
  • Natural sweet wine: sun dried grapes

Chapatization is forbidden to any wines

77
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO

A

Peloponnese - Greece

  • Natural sweet red: VDN from dried grapes
  • Sweet red: VDL from fresh grape juice

Ageing:

  • Min 1 year in 1000L or less
  • Reserve: 3 years including 2 year in cask and 1 in cask
  • Vieille Reserve: Min 5 years including 2 years in oak and 2 years in cask
  • Grande Reserve: Min 7 years including in 3 years in oak and 3 years in wood
  • Non-Vintage: min 3 years of ageing after the final blend
78
Q

Ageing requirement of Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO?

A
  • Min 1 year in 1000L or less
  • Reserve: 3 years including 2 year in cask and 1 in cask
  • Vieille Reserve: Min 5 years including 2 years in oak and 2 years in cask
  • Grande Reserve: Min 7 years including in 3 years in oak and 3 years in wood
  • Non-Vintage: min 3 years of ageing after the final blend
79
Q

What is the minimum ageing requirement for Mavrodaphne of Patras Vieille Reserve?

A
  • Wines must be aged for a minimum of 5 years in total
  • This include at least 2 years in oak and 2 years in bottle
80
Q

What is the minimum ageing requirement for Mavrodaphne of Patras Grande Reserve?

A
  • Wines must be aged of a minimum of 7 years in total
  • This include 3 years in oak and 3 years in bottles
81
Q

What are the varieties allow under the Mavrodaphne of Patras PDO?

A
  • Mavrodaphne
  • up to 49% of Mavri-Korinthiaki
82
Q

What are the 4 Ionian islands producing wine under PDO or PGI delimitation?

A
  • Cephalonia: PDO
  • Zakynthos: PGI
  • Lefkada: PGI
  • Corfu: PGI
83
Q

What is the main climatic concern of the Ionian Island?

A

Fungus pressure.

These island receive the highest amount of rainfall of the all country. Moisture and humidity is high in spring.

84
Q

What is the only part of Greece without any Regional PGI appellation?

A

The Ionians island.

85
Q

What are the 3 PDO appellations of the Ionian Islands?

A
  • Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia PDO
  • Muscat of Cephalonia PDO
  • Robola of Cephalonia PDO
86
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia PDO

A

Ionians Island - Greece

  • Sweet fortified wine
  • Movrodaphne + up to 49% Mavri-Korinthiaki (in co-fermentation)
  • 15-22% ABV
87
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Muscat of Cephalonia PDO

A

Ionians island - Greece

  • 100% Moschato Aspro
  • Naturally sweet: sun dried grapes
  • VDN: Fortified during alcoholic fermentation
  • VDN Grand Cru: lower yields and selected parcels
  • VDL: Fortified prior to alcoholic fermentation
  • No chaptalisation allow
88
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Robots of Cephalonia PDO

A

Ionian Island - Greece

  • 100% Robola
  • Dry white wine only
  • Classic Reserve and Grande Reserve ageing rules
89
Q

What is the southern most Ionian island to produce wine?

A

Zakinthos
is also the warmest

90
Q

What is the style of wine of Verdea PGI?
Where is it produced?

A

Zakynthos Island

  • Usually dry white wine, with high alcohol content.
  • It display a strong oxidative profile flavours coming from long ageing in oak barrels
  • Varieties: 50% Skiadopoulo + Robola, Pavlos, Goustolidi
91
Q

What is the second name of Central Greece?

A

Sterea Ellada

92
Q

What is the largest PDO of Greece?

A

Patras PDO

93
Q

What is the most important variety of Lefkada Island

A
  • *Vertzami**
  • Also know as Lefkaditiko*
94
Q

Name the traditional trellising system of Santorini Island?

A
  • *Stefani or Kouloura**
  • Ground floor basket shape*
95
Q

What are the 2 islands of production of Santorini PDO?

A
  • Thera: AKA Santorini
  • Thirasia
96
Q

What are the grape varieties of Santorini?

A

75% of Assyrtiko + Aidani, Athiri

Small amount of traditional varieties can be included: Katsano, Monemvassia, Gaidouria, Moscato Aspro, Platani and Roditis

97
Q

What is the minimum amount of Assyrtiko required for the production of Vin Santo in Santorini PDO?

A

51% minimum
Rest of the blend can be Aidani and Athiri

For the production of dry white, the minimum amount of Assyrtiko is 75%.

98
Q

Precise the minimum ageing for the production of Vin Santo in Santorini?

A
  • Wines must be aged for a minimum of 2 years
  • If the wine is release with ageing statement rather than vintage, ageing must be extended to 4 years, and can only be listed as multiple of 4 (8, 12, 16…
  • The full maturation process must occur on the island of Thera or Thirasia.
99
Q

What are the 2 red grape varieties grow on the island of Santorini?

A
  • Mandilaria
  • Mavrotragano
100
Q

How is the Vin Santo process in Santorini island?

A
  • Made with a minimum of 51% of Assyrtiko + Aidani and Athiri
  • Sun-dried grapes
  • Ussually unfortified, with a ageing of minimum 2 years prior releasing
101
Q

Explain the following style of wine:

Nykteri

A
  • Traditional style of wine from Santorini island
  • Made from over ripe grapes
  • Grapes are pressed over night (Nykta in Greece).
  • Following the fermentation, wines are aged for a minimum of 3 months in oak barrel
102
Q

Explain the origin and the style of the following wine:

Mezza

A
  • Sweet red wine from Santorini Island
  • Produced from air-dried Mandilaria grape
103
Q

What are the 2 PDOs of the Paros Island?
Where is the island located?

A

Cyclades - Greece

  • Paros PDO: Dry white and dry red
  • Malvasia of Paros PDO: Sweet white
104
Q

What is the only PDO of Greece requiering co-fermentation of white and red varieties of its red wines?

A

Paros PDO

Wines must be produced from a minimum of 35% of Mandilaria co-fermented with Monemvasia

105
Q

What is the location and style of the following:

Paros PDO

A

Cyclades Island - Greece

  • Dry white: Monemvasia
  • Dry red: 35% Mandilaria minimum co-fermented with Monemvasia
106
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Malvasia of Paros PDO

A

Cyclades Island - Greece

  • Sweet white
  • 85% Monemvasia + Assyrtiko
  • sun-dried grapes
  • Usually no-fortified wine
  • Vintage: minimum 2 years of ageing
  • NV blend: 4 years minimum of ageing
107
Q

What are the PDOs of the Aegean Island of Greece?

A
  • Santorini PDO
  • Paros PDO
  • Malvasia of Paros PDO
  • Rhodes PDO
  • Muscat of Rhodes PDO
  • Muscat of Lemnos PDO
  • Limnos PDO
  • Samos
108
Q

In what viticulture region is Mount Atavyros an important feature?

A

Rhodes islands within the Aegean islands of Greece

109
Q

What producer is dominating the production of wine within the island of Rhodes?

A

CAIR

  • unofficial cooperative created in 1928.
  • Made its name around sparkling wine produce on the island. Back in time, this wine was called Greek Champagne
110
Q

style of wine produced in:

Rhodes

A

Cyclades island - Greece

  • Dry to semisweet white: 70% Athiri + Assyrtiko and Malagoussia
  • Dry to semisweet red: 70% Mandilaria + Mavrthiriko
  • Dry to semisweet rose: same than red
  • Sparkling
111
Q

What are the 2 PDOs of the Paros Island? ​Where is it located?

Muscat of Rhodes PDO

A

Cyclades island - Greece

  • 100% Moschato Aspro
  • VDL
  • VDN
  • VDN Grand Cru

This appelation is rarely saw on the market

112
Q

Give some synonyms of Muscat a Petits Grains in Greece?

A
  • Moschato Aspro
  • Moschato Trani
113
Q

In 2011, the Lemnos has change its rules.
What new there?

A

Since 2011, winemakers can produce dry red wine under the Lemnos PDO appellation.

114
Q

What is the local name of the Limnio variety grow within the Lemnos island?

A

Kalampaki

Only call such as for the production of dry red wines

115
Q

What is the most planted variety for the Lemnos island?

A

Muscat of Alexandria

Mostly use for the production of sweet fortified wine. Dry versions are rising up, and are becoming more and more interesting

116
Q

What style of wine and location of the following:

Lemnos PDO

​

A

Aegean Island - Greece

  • Dry to semi-sweet white: Moschato Alexandrias
  • Dry red: Limnio (AKA Kalampaki)
  • Liastos: sun dried wine
  • Fortified: Vin de Liqueur from dried grapes
117
Q

Where and what is the following term referred to:

Liastos

A
  • Traditional Straw-sun dried wine still produced on the island of Lemnos
  • The wine must be aged for a minimum of 24 months prior to release
  • The sun dry process must concentrate the sugar content from 220 to 320 g/L
  • Residual sugar: 80 g/L minimum
118
Q

What is the minimum residual sugar for the production of Liastos wine in Lemnos island?

119
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Muscat of Lemnos PDO

A

Aegean island - Greece

  • 100% Moschato Alexandria
  • Natural sweet wine
  • Vin de Liqueur
  • Vin Doux Naturel
  • Vin Doux Naturel grand cru
120
Q

Style of wine and location of the following:

Samos PDO

A

Aegean islands - Greece

  • Moschato Aspro (AKA Muscat a Petit Grains)
  • Vin Doux Naturel
  • Vin Doux Naturel Grand Cru
  • Vin de Liqueur: May be aged in oak vessel for up to 5 years
  • Naturally sweet wine
121
Q

Who is the sole producer of Samos PDO?

A

UWC Samos: Union of Vinicultural Cooperatives of Samos control the complete of the production of the island.

nowadays, handful of new winemakers started to produce their own wines.

122
Q

In 1934, a law was voted to control the wine production of the Samos island.
Can you precise what was the term of this law?

A
  • This law required wines produced from the Muscat Blanc variety could be the only one to claim the Samos origin.
  • In fact, it indirected created the first appelation of Greece.
123
Q

What grape variety cover more than 95% of the Samos planting?

A

Muscat Blanc - AKA Moschato Aspro

The 5% remaining are covers by Ritino and Fokiano variety. Both grapes are red

124
Q

Where this following wine are coming from?

Nectar and Anthemia

A

Samos island in Greece.

  • Both wine produced from the Moschato Aspro variety
  • Nectar is a sun-dried grape wine
  • Anthemia is a Vin de Liqueur aged for 5 years in oak prior to be released.
125
Q

Is Ouzo protected by a PDO appellation?

A

Yes, since 2006

  • The final product must reach at least 37,5% ABV
  • This is a pommade base flavoured with anis
126
Q

What was the first distillery to produce Ouzo in Greece?

A

Tyrnavos
It opens in 1856

127
Q

What are the PDOs of Crete?

A
  • Sitia PDO
  • Malvasia Sitia PDO
  • Peza PDO
  • Daphnes PDO
  • Archanes PDO
  • Candia PDO
  • Malvasia Candia PDO
128
Q

Where is the origin of wine and viticulture in Greece

A
  • On the Crete island, with the Minoan civilisation.
  • They spread their knowledges to Santorini, the the the Greece mainland.
  • Viticulture largely developed with the Venetian rules from the XIII century
129
Q

When did phylloxera reach Crete?

A

In 1970’s

130
Q

What are the 3 highest mountain pikes of Crete?

A
  • Psiloritis
  • Lefka Ori
  • Dikti

The high mountainous chain blocks hot dry winds from Africa. This male a very different climate feature between the north and the south of the island

131
Q

Crete is split into 4 districts.

Can you name them, and mention where vines are mostly planted?

A

From West to East:

  • Hania
  • Rethymnos
  • Iraklio: most concentrated are of vine production: 5 of the 7 PDOs are located here
  • Lasithi: Hottest and driest part of Crete. Home of Sitia and Malvasia Sitia PDOs
132
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Peza PDO

A

Crete - Greece

  • Dry White: 100% Vilana
  • Dry Red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria
133
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Archanes PDO

A

Crete - Greece

  • Produce only dry red: Kotsifali and Mandilaria
134
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Daphnes PDO

A

Crete - Greece

  • 100% Liatiko
  • Dry
  • Sweet: Vin Doux Naturel, Vin de Liqueur, Naturally sweet, sun-dried grapes
135
Q

What are the newest PDOs of Greece?

A
  • Candia
  • Malvasia Candia

Upgrated in 2011

136
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Candia PDO

A

Crete - Greece

  • Dry Red: 70% Kotsifali + Mandilaria
  • Dry White: 85% Vilana + Assyrtiko, Athiri, Vidiano, Liatiko (vinified as white), Thrapsathiri
137
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Malvasia Candia PDO

A

Crete - Greece

  • Varieties: Assyrtiko, Athiri, Vidiano, Thrapsathiri, Liatiko (vinified as white) + max 15% Muscat blanc and Malvasia di Candia
  • Fortified white: Vin Doux Naturel
  • Naturally sweet
138
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Sitia PDO

A

Crete - Greece

  • Dry white: 70% Vilana + Thrapsathiri - added to the PDO in 1998
  • Dry Red: 80% Liatiko + Mandilaria
  • Natural Sweet red, Vin Doux Naturel, Vin de Liqueur : 100% Liatiko
139
Q

When did white wine in Sitia where added to the PDO?

140
Q

Location and style of wine of the following:

Malvasia Sitia PDO

A

Crete - Greece

  • Varieties: Assyrtiko, Athiri, Vidiano, Thrapsathiri, Liatiko + Malvasia of Candia, and Muscat Blanc
  • Fortified white: VDN
  • Naturally sweet white: 80g/L residual sugar
  • Min 2 years of ageing
141
Q

What is the minimum residual sugar for naturally sweet wine under the Malvasia Sitia PDO?

A

80 g/L minimum

Master Sommelier (2023 update on the way) (35 decks)

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