Great Depression & New Deal Content Flashcards
Americas first female cabinet member
Frances Perkins
educator who dedicated herself to promising opportunities for young African Americas
Mary McLeod Bethune
actor, director, producer, writer, created one of the most renewed radio broadcasts, “The War of the Worlds
Orson Welles
African- American author who wrote the novel “Native son”
Richard Wright
barometer of the stock market’s health
Dow Jones Industrial Average
buying stocks and bonds on the chance of a quick profit while ignoring the risks
speculation
paying a small percentage of a stock’s price as a down payment and borrowing the rest
buying on margin
buying and selling stocks
New York stock exchange
bottom fell out of the market and the nations confidence
Black Tuesday
the period from 1929 to 1940 in which the economy plummeted and unemployment skyrocketed
Great Depression
little towns consisting of shacks
shantytown
offered free or low-cost food
Soup Kitchen
lines of people waiting to receive food provided by charitable organizations or public agencies
bread ;lines
windstorm in 1934 that picked up millions of tons of dust from the plains and carried it to East coast cities
dust bowl
WWl vets (the bonus expeditionary force)
Bonus Army
Roosevelt promised a new deal for the American people
New Deal
spending more money than the government receives in revenue
deficit spending
set maximum hours at 44 hrs per week, decreasing to 40 hrs after two years
Fair Labor Standards Act
organize industrial unions
Congress of Industrial Organizations
regulate banking and investment activities
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation
regulate banking and investment activities
The Securities and Exchange Comission
acts as a mediator in labor disputes between unions and employers
National Labor and Relations Board
What event led to the great Depression
Black Tuesday (stock market crash)
When did black Tuesday take place?
October 29 1929
4 major causes of the Great Depression
- tariffs and policies reduce market for American goals
- farmers in trouble
- avaliability of credit
- unequal distribution of income
buy now pay later
credit
What were peoples response to Black Tuesday?
people panicked and pulled their money from banks
Who was elected as president during the Great Depression?
Herbert Hoover
Hoovers major weaknesses?
unable to handle Congress, the press, and the public
Was Hoover a successful president?
no
lowered mortgage rates and allowed farmers to refinance
Federal Home Loan Bank Act
What caused the dust bowl?
- over farming
- tearing up of protective grasslands
$2 billion in emergency financing for large businesses
Reconstruction Finance Corporation
help people and banks (short term)
relief
temporary programs to restart flow of consumer demand (temporary long term)
recovery
permanent programs to prevent depression (permanent long term)
reform
people that left the dust bowl and moved to CA
Okies
social reformer who used her humanitarian impulses and political skills
Elenor Roosevelt
FDR’s biggest critic
Huey Long
direct relief program
Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)
aid to the elderly
Social Security Act (SSA)
job programs (WPA)
works progress administration
insured bank deposits
Federal Deposit Insurance coporation (FDIC)
rural electrification
Tennessee valley authority (TVA)
job programs (CCC)
civillian conservation corps
