GRE ADVANCED Flashcards
overweening
arrogant; presumptuous
우쭐대는
pariah
an outcast
사회에서 버림받은 사람
diatribe
a strong verbal attack against a person or institution
비판
catholic
of broad scope; universal
폭이 넓은
jingoist
a person who thinks their country is always right and who is in favor of aggressive acts against other countries
맹목적애국주의자
ponderous
weighed- down; moving slowly
묵직한, 육중한, 다루기 힘든
attenuated
to weaken (in terms of intensity); to taper off/ become thinner 희석된
expansive
communicative, and prone to talking in a sociable manner
속이 트인, 말하기 좋은
zeitgeist
spirit of the times
시대정신
lascivious
lecherous; sexually perverted
음탕한
nadir
the lowest point
최악의 순간
expunge
to eliminate completely
완벽히 지우다
chary
cautious, suspiciously reluctant to do something
꺼리는
indigent
- poor, having very little
- a poor or needy person
궁핍한
choleric
prone to outbursts of temper; easily angered
화를 잘내는
contentious
likely to argue
논쟁을 좋아하는
apostate
a person who has abandoned a religious faith or cause
변절자
byzantine
intricate and complex
복잡 미묘한
conciliate
to make peace with
달래다, 회유하다
supercilious
haughty and disdainful; looking down on others
거만한, 남을 얕보는
precipitate
- hasty or rash
- to cause to happen
촉발시키다
turpitude
depravity; a depraved act
대단히 부도덕한 행위
perfunctory
done routinely and with little interest or care
형식적인
churlish
lacking manners or refinement
무례한, 막된
exegesis
critical explanation or analysis, especially of a text
해석
apogee
the highest point
정점, 절정
sedulous
done diligently and carefully
정성을 다하는, 공을 들이는
arrant
complete and wholly (usually modifying an noun with negative connotation)
순전한, 순 (뭔가 나쁜것을 설명할때 씀) ex: 순 악
truculent
having a fierce, savage nature
반항적인
equivocate
to speak vaguely, usually with the intention to mislead or deceive
얼버무리다
feckless
lazy and irresponsible
무기력한
malfeasance
misconduct or wrongdoing (especially by a public official)
불법행위
factious
produced by, or characterized by internal dissension
파벌적인
imbibe
to drink or absorb as if drinking
흡수하다
artless
without cunning or deceit
꾸밈없는, 소박한
defray
to help pay the cost of, either in part or full
돌려주다, 갚다
cow
to intimidate
위협하다
saturnine
morose or gloomy
음침한, 음울한
hector
to bully or intimidate
위협하다
alacrity
an eager willingness to do something
민첩, 활발
fractious
irritable and is likely to cause disruption
괴팍한
base
the lowest, without any moral principles
천한, 비열한, 치사한
anathema
a detested person; the source of somebody’s hate
절대반대, 아주 싫어하는것
kowtow
a bow or act in a subservient manner
굽실거리다
untoward
unfavorable; inconvenient
뜻밖의 (좋지못한 방향으로)
vicissitude
change in one’s circumstances, usually for the worse
우여곡절
beg
assume something is true (usually followed by the “question”, meaning that you ask a question in which you assume something that hasn’t been proven true)
확인하다
prosaic
dull and lacking imagination
평범한
insufferable
intolerable, difficult to endure
참을수없는
penurious
- lacking money; poor
- miserly
몹시 가난한
phantasmagorical
illusive, unreal
환영같은
parvenu
a person who has suddenly become wealthy, but not socially accepted as part of a higher class
벼락부자
arch
to be deliberately teasing
깔보는듯한
maudlin
overly emotional and sad
감상적인
sybarite
a person who indulges in luxury
사치와 향락을 일삼는 무리
histrionic
to be overly theatrical
행동이 연극하는듯한
mulct
to defraud or swindle
사기쳐서 빼앗다
hedge
to limit or qualify a statement; to avoid making a direct statement
얼버무리다
jaundiced
to be biased against due to envy or prejudice
좋게보지않는, 편견
blinkered
to have a limited outlook or understanding
편협한
quisling
a traitor
배신자
sartorial
related to fashion or clothes
남성 의류, 재봉의
sangfroid
calmness or poise in difficult situations
곤경속에서도 침착
tendentious
likely to lean towards a controversial view
극단적인, 과격한
excoriate
to criticize very harshly
맹비난하다
peremptory
bossy and domineering
독단적인
jejune
- dull, lacking flavor
- immature; childish
단순한, 고지식한
protean
readily taking on different roles; versatile
변화무쌍한
pollyannaish
extremely optimistic
극단적으로 낙천적인
factitious
artificial; not natural
인위적인
remonstrate
to make objections while pleading
항의하다
mettlesome
filled with courage or valor
기운찬, 위세있는
mellifluous
smooth and sweet sounding
달콤한
palimpsest
something that has been changed numerous times but on which traces of former iterations can still be seen
고대의 문서가 다시 쓰여진
propitiate
to placate or appease
달래다
pyrrhic
describing a victory that comes at such a great cost that the victory is not worthwhile
너무 많은 희생을 치루고 얻은 승리
apotheosis
exaltation to divine status; the highest point of development
절정기
martinet
a strict disciplinarian
규율에 아주 엄격한 사람
invective
abusive or denunciatory language
욕설
malapropism
the confusion of a word with another word that sounds similar
말의 익살스러운 오용 ex) 모나리자, 모짜렐라
benighted
fallen into a state of ignorance
미개한, 무지한
bilious
irritable, always angry
화가 잔뜩 난
vituperate
to criticize harshly; to berate
혹평하다
arriviste
a person who has recently reached a position of power; a social climber
야심가, 출세
venial
easily excused or forgiven; pardonable
용서할수있는
sententious
to be moralizing, usually in pompous sense
훈계조의
fell
terribly evil
사악한
gerrymander
to manipulate voting districts in order to favor particular political party
선거구를 자기 당에 유리하게 변경하다
curmudgeon
a grouchy, surly person
괴팍한사람
picayune
trifling or petty (a person)
하찮은것
juggernaut
a force that cannot be stopped
통재할수없는 비대한 힘
cupidity
greed for money
돈에 대한 탐욕
limpid
having clarity in terms of expression
맑은
imbroglio
a confusing and potentially embarrassing situation
복잡한 시국
impecunious
lacking money; poor
무일푼의
expurgate
to remove objectionable material
잘못된 부분을 삭제하다
disabuse
to persuade somebody that his/her belief is not valid
바로잡아주다
quixotic
widely idealistic
비현실적인
schadenfreude
joy from watching the suffering of others
남의 불행에 대해 갖는 쾌감
execrate
to curse and hiss at
저주하다
pecuniary
relating to or involving money
금전상의
bowdlerize
edit by omitting or modifying parts considered indelicate
책 등에서 충격적인 장면을 삭제하다
effrontery
audacious (even arrogant) behavior that you have no right to
뻔뻔스러움
grandiloquent
puffed up with vanity
말을 거창하게 하는
umbrage
a feeling of anger caused by being offended
분개
perspicacious
acutely insightful and wise
총기있는
anodyne
- something that soothes or relieves pain
- inoffensive
완화시키는, 해를 끼치지 않는
redoubtable
inspiring fear or awe
경외할만한, 공경하면서 두려워하다
temerity
fearless daring
무모함
anemic
lacking energy and vigor
빈혈
enthrall
hold spellbound
마음을 사로잡다
unforthcoming
uncooperative, now willing to give up information
선뜻 도와주지않는
sinecure
an office that involves minimal duties
일이 한가한 직무
primacy
the state of being first in importance
최고, 으뜸
charlatan
a flamboyant deceiver; one who attracts customers with tricks or jokes
사기꾼, 돌팔이
prognostication
a statement made about the future
예언
portentous
ominously prophetic
불길함의 전조가 되는
duplicity
deceitfulness, pretending to want one thing but interested in something else
이중성
gaffe
a socially awkward or tactless act
공식적인 자리에서의 실수
hagiographic
excessively flattering toward someone’s life or work
성인전 - 위인전
provident
careful in regard to your own interests; providing carefully for the future
장래를 준비하는
maunder
- wander aimlessly
- speak (about unimportant matters) rapidly and incessantly
지겹게 지껄이다
quail
draw back, as with fear or pain
겁을먹다
solecism
a socially awkward or tactless act
말 실수, gaffe
approbatory
expressing praise or approval
칭찬
flummox
be a mystery or bewildering to
당황하게 만들다
semblance
an outward or token appearance or form that is deliberately misleading
겉모습
impute
attribute (responsibility or fault) to something
불명예를 씌우다
insouciance
lack of concern
태평함, 걱정없는
importune
beg persistently and urgently
성가시게 조르다
moribund
being on the point of death; declining rapidly losing all momentum in progress
소멸직전의, 빈사직전의
recapitulation
a summary (think of recap) 요약
plucky
marked by courage and determination
용기있는
vitriolic
harsh or corrosive in tone
독설
cede
relinquish possession or control over
양도하다
derelict
(of a person) not doing one’s duties
임무태만의
litany
any long and tedious account of something
장황한 설명
lampoon
ridicule with satire
풍자하다
raconteur
a person skilled in telling anecdotes
이야기를 재미있게 하는 사람
hail
enthusiastically acclaim or celebrate something
환호하다
lugubrious
excessively mournful
침울한
illustrious
widely known and esteemed; having or conferring glory
저명한
prolixity
boring verbosity
장황함, 지루한
epiphany
a sudden revelation or moment of insight
출현
punctilious
marked by precise accordance with details
꼼꼼함
sagacious
having good judgement and acute insight
현명한
enjoin
give instructions to or direct somebody to do something with authority
명하다
probity
integrity, strong moral principles
정직성
artlessness
the quality of innocence
솔직함
mordant
biting and caustic in thought, manner, or style
신랄한
lacerate
deeply hurt the feelings of; distress
혹독하게 비판하다
firebrand
someone who deliberately creates trouble
선동가, 일을 벌리는 사람
unpropitious
(of a circumstance) with little chance of success
운이 없는
unviable
not able to work, survive, or succeed (also spelled inviable)
실행 불가능한
invidious
likely to cause resentment
부당한
equitable
fair to all parties as dictated by reason and conscience
공정한
impetuous
characterized by undue haste and lack of thought or deliberation
성급한, 충동적인
inure
to make accustomed to something unpleasant
면역이 되다
spartan
unsparing and uncompromising in discipline or judgement; practicing great self-denial
엄격한
ossify
make rigid and set into a conventional pattern
굳어지다
imperious
having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy
명령조
inimitable
defying imitation; matchless
독창적인, 흉내낼수없는
unflappable
not easily perturbed or excited or upset; marked by extreme calm and composure
동요하지 않는
inviolate
must be kept sacred
어길수 없는
patent
glaringly obvious
명백한
puissant
powerful
권력있는
improvident
not given careful
앞날을 생각 않는, 무계획적의
hobble
to hold back the progress of something
방해하다
stalwart
dependable; inured to fatigue or hardships
충실한
ribald
humorously vulgar
우스꽝스럽게 야한
corollary
a practical consequence that follows naturally
당연한
irrefutable
impossible to deny or disprove
반박할수없는
dispensation
exemption from a rule or obligation
특별허가
denouement
the final resolution of the many strands of a literary or dramatic work; the outcome of a complex sequence of events
(연극등의) 대단원
cosset
treat with excessive indulgence
애지중지하다
incontrovertible
necessarily or demonstrably true; impossible to deny or disprove
절대적
untenable
(of theories etc) incapable of being defended or justified
지지할수없는
recrimination
mutual accusations
비난
puerile
of or characteristic of a child; displaying or suggesting a lack of maturity
유치한
crystallize
cause to take on a definite and clear shape
확고해지다
subterfuge
something intended to misrepresent the true nature of an activity
속임수
magisterial
offensively self-assured or given to exercising unwarranted power
무게있는, 권위있는
encumber
hold back
방해하다
immure
to enclose, usually in walls
가두다
obstreperous
noisily and stubbornly defiant; willfully difficult to control
정신없이 날뛰는
asperity
harshness of manner
거침, 가혹함
celerity
speed, rapidity
민첩함
nonchalant
coming across as uninterested or unconcerned; overly casual
차분한
peripatetic
traveling by foot
이동해 다니는
decry
express strong disapproval of
욕하다
tempestuous
as if driven by turbulent or conflicting emotions; highly energetic and wildly changing or fluctuating
열렬한
apposite
remarkably appropriate
적절한
intimation
an indirect suggestion
넌지시 알림
hubris
overbearing pride or presumption
자만심
crestfallen
brought low in spirit
의기소침함
dovetail
fil together tightly, as if by means of an interlocking joint
딱 들어맞는
surreptitious
stealthy, taking pains not to be caught or detected
은밀한, 슬쩍하는
flippant
showing inappropriate levity
경솔한, 건방진
presentiment
a feeling of evil to come
불길한 예감
rarefied
made more subtle or refined
극히 일부만 이해하는
세밀하게 하다
machinate
engage in plotting or enter into a conspiracy, swear together
음모를 꾸미다
atavism
a reappearance of an earlier characteristic; throwback
격세유전, 전의 모습이 보이는
solicitude
a feeling of excessive concern
배려
debonair
having sophisticated charm
멋지고 당당한
apothegm
a short, pithy instructive saying
격언
broadside
a strong verbal attack
말로하는 공격
inanity
total lack of something or ideas
어리석음, 우둔
brook
put up with something or somebody unpleasant
용납하지 않다
percipient
highly perceptive
통찰력있는
exemplar
something to be imitated
모범
recrudesce
to break out or happen again
재발
paragon
- model of excellence or perfection of a kind; one having no equal
- an ideal instance; a perfect embodiment of a concept
모범
rapprochement
the reestablishing of cordial relations
(두 단체의) 화해
disingenuous
not straight forward; giving a false appearance of frankness
솔직하지 못한
vitriol
abusive or venomous language used to express blame or bitter deep-seated ill will
독설
empiricism
any method that derives knowledge from experience, used in experimental science as a way to gain insight and knowledge
경험주의
pith
the most essential part of something
핵심
untrammeled
not confined or limited
자유로운
appurtenant
supplying added support
부속물
bristle
react in an offended or angry manner
발끈하다
artifice
cunning tricks used to deceive others
계략
chimera
something desired or wished for but is only an illusion and impossible to achieve
불가능한 생각
truculence
defiant aggressiveness
잔인
objurgate
express strong disapproval of
비난하다
squelch
suppress or crush completely
억누르다, 진압하다
deign
do something that one considers to be below one’s dignity
치사스럽지만 한다는듯이 군다
antic
ludicrously odd
괴상스러운
gambit
a maneuver or risk in a gave or conversation, designed to secure an advantage
초반에 두는 수
ineffable
too sacred to be uttered; defying expression or description
말할수없는
philistine
smug and ignorant towards artistic and cultural values
교양없는 사람
baleful
threatening or foreshadowing evil or tragic developments
해로운
epigram
a witty saying
짧은 풍자 시
chagrin
- strong feelings of embarrassment
- cause to feel shame, hurt the pride of
원통함, 분함
unstinting
very generous
아낌없이 주는
meteoric
like a meteor in speed or brilliance or transience
유성의
ersatz
not real or genuine; phony
대용품
nettlesome
causing irritation or annoyance
골치아픈
embryonic
in an early stage of development
초기의
effervescent
marked by high spirits or excitement
열광하는
doleful
filled with or evoking sadness
애절한
browbeat
be bossy towards; discourage or frighten with threats or a domineering manner
협박하다
anachronism
something that is inappropriate for the given time period (usually something old)
시대착오적
besotted
- strongly affectionate towards
- very drunk
취하다
애정하다
unprepossessing
creating an unfavorable or neutral first impression
매력없는, 별 감흥없는 첫인상
bemoan
express discontent or a strong regret
한탄하다
phlegmatic
showing little emotion
냉정한
hoary
ancient
시들한
inchoate
only partly in existence; imperfectly formed
미완성의
languish
become feeble
약해지다
reprisal
a retaliatory action against an enemy at wartime
보복, 앙갚음
arrogate
seize and control without authority
권리를 침해하다
facile
arrived at without due care or effort; lacking depth
손쉬운
callow
young and inexperienced
풋내기
vaunted
highly or widely praised or boasted about
과시된
ethereal
characterized by lightness and insubstantiality
가볍고 여린
dolorous
showing sorrow
비통한
bridle
- the act of restraining power or action or limiting excess
- to react with anger or take offense
기분이 나쁜듯 고개를 치켜들다 - 맞서 싸우다
impervious
not admitting of passage or capable of being affected
통과시키지 않는
mendicant
a pauper who lives by begging
탁발승, 빌어서 먹고사는
transmute
change or alter in form, appearance, or nature
변화시키다
proselytize
convert (someone) to another religion, philosophy, or perspective
전도
complaisant
showing a cheerful willingness to do favors for others
선뜻
tyro
someone new to a field or activity
초보자
aplomb
great coolness and composure under strain
침착함
autocratic
- characteristic of an absolute ruler or absolute rule; having absolute sovereignty
- offensively self-assured or given to exercising usually unwarranted power
독재적인
gumption
resourcefulness and determination
진취성, 상황대처능력
discursive
(of e.g. speech and writing) tending to depart from the main point
두서없는, 산만한
afford
provide with an opportunity
제공하다
conflate
mix together different elements or concepts
융합하다
malingerer
someone shirking their duty by pretending to be sick or incapacitated
꾀병자
assiduously
with care and persistence
부지런히
complicit
associated with or participating in an activity, especially one of a questionable nature
연루된
doughty
brave, bold, courageous
용감한
elegiac
expressing sorrow
슬픈
palatable
acceptable to the taste or mind
마음에 드는
impugn
attack as false or wrong
의문을 제기하다
unassailable
난공불락, 완벽한
solicitous
showing hovering attentiveness
세심히 배려하는
desiccated
uninteresting, lacking vitality
생기를 잃게하다, 무기력하게하다
panegyric
a formal expression of praise
칭찬하는말
internecine
(of conflict) within a group or organization
조직 내에서 벌어지는 투쟁
obtuse
slow to learn or understand; lacking intellectual acuity; lacking in insight or discernment
둔한, 둔감한
enormity
an act of extreme wickedness
엄청난 심각함
self-effacing
reluctant to draw attention to yourself
자기를 내세우지 않는
noisome
having an extremely bad smell
냄새가 역겨운
conflagration
a very intense and uncontrolled fire
대화재, 큰불
coterminous
being of equal extent or scope or duration
거의 동일한
bromide
a trite or obvious remark
진부한
proscribe
command against
금하다
desideratum
something desired as a necessity
원하는것, 필요한것
abjure
formally reject or give up (as a belief)
신념등을 포기하다
pontificate
talk in a dogmatic and pompous manner
거들먹거리며 말하다
unimpeachable
free of guilt; not subject to blame; beyond doubt or reproach
의심할 여지 없는
turgid
(of language) pompous and tedious
복잡하고 따분한
fecund
intellectually productive
아이디어가 풍부한
stultify
cause one, through routine, to lose energy and enthusiasm
무의미하게 만들다, 망신하다
inviolable
need to be broken, infringed, or dishonored
침범할수없는
hauteur
overbearing pride evidenced by a superior manner toward inferiors
거만한 태도
pellucid
transparently clear; easily understandable
투명한
inequity
injustice by virtue of not conforming with rules or standards
불공평
appropriate
- to give or take something by force
- to allocate
강압적으로 빼앗거나 주다,
또는 나눠주다
diminutive
- to indicate smallness
- very small
아주 작은
hoodwink
to deceive or trick someone
속이다
demonstrative
given to or marked by the open expression of emotion
숨기지 않는
abrogate
revoke or relinquish formally; do away with
폐지하다
exorbitant
greatly exceeding bounds of reason or moderation
과도한
dissipate
- squander or spend money frivolously
- to disperse or scatter
소멸되다, 돈을 허투로 쓰다
extrapolate
draw from specific cases for more general cases
추정하다
graft
corruption, usually through bribery
부정이득
oblique
not straightforward; indirect
비스듬히
flag
droop, sink, or settle from or as if from pressure or loss of tautness; become less intense
시들해지다
chauvinism
fanatical patriotism; belief that one’s group/cause is superior to all other groups/ causes
맹목적 애국심
ineluctable
impossible to avoid or evade
피할수없는
panacea
hypothetical remedy for all ills or diseases; a universal solution
만병통치약
dissolution
a living full of debauchery and indulgence in sensual pleasure
허랑방탕한 생활을 하다
infelicitous
inappropriate
부적절한
ebullient
joyously unrestrained
사기가 충만한
cataclysm
an event resulting in great loss and misfortune
대재앙
lachrymose
showing sorrow
잘 우는
estimable
deserving of esteem and respect
존중할만한
halcyon
idyllically calm and peaceful; suggesting happy tranquility; marked by peace and prosperity
평온한
bastardization
an act that debases or corrupts
텃세부리기, 괴롭히기
canard
a deliberately misleading fabrication
유언비어
promulgate
state or announce
널리알리다
simulacrum
- a representation of a person (especially in the form of sculpture)
- a bad imitation
복제품, 모조품
exiguity
the quality of being meager
부족한, 근소한
splenetic
very irritable
화를 잘 내는
countermand
a contrary command cancelling or reversing a previous command
명령을 철회하다
evanescent
tending to vanish like vapor
쉽게 사라지는
modicum
a small or moderate or token amount
약간
capitulate
to surrender (usually under agreed conditions) 굴복하다, 항복하다
surfeit
an excessive amount of something
과다
adjudicate
to serve as a judge in a competition; to arrive at a judgement or conclusion
판결을 내리다
row
an angry dispute
의견대립
obtain
be valid, applicable, or true
사실
pillory
ridicule or expose to public scorn
강력히 비판하다
loath
unwilling to do something contrary to your custom (usually followed by “to”)
꺼리는
concomitant
describing an event or situation that happens at the same time as or in connection with another
부수적으로 따르는, happening at the same time
officious
intrusive in a meddling or offensive manner
거들먹거리는
verisimilitude
the appearance of truth
신빙성
misattribute
to erroneously attribute; to falsely ascribe; used especially to authorship
다른사람탓으로 돌리다
sardonic
disdainfully or ironically humorous; scornful and mocking
가소롭다는듯
veritable
truthfully, without a doubt
진정한
despot
a cruel and oppressive dictator
폭군
palaver
speak (about unimportant matters) rapidly and incessantly
쓸데없는 말
bereft
- unhappy in love; suffering from unrequited love
- sorrowful through loss or deprivation
상실감에 빠진
enamored
strongly attracted to or in love with
매혹된, 홀딱빠진
dissemble
conceal one’s true motives, usually through deceit
숨기다, 가식적
trenchant
characterized by or full of force and vigor; having keenness and forcefulness and penetration in thought, expression, or intellect
정곡을 찌르는
raillery
light teasing
악의없는 농담
eponym
the name derived from a person (real or imaginary); the person for whom something is named
이름의 시조