Grapes in detail Flashcards

1
Q

List the key flavour attributes of Chardonnay when picked for sparkling wine

A
Chardonnay:
apple
citrus
complimentary to autolysis
high acid
low potential alcohol
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2
Q

List the key growing attributes of Chardonnay

A

Chardonnay:

  • early budding - vulnerable to spring frost
  • prone to coulure and millerandage
  • susceptible to powery mildew, grapevine yellows and botrytis

high yield in good years without loss of quality

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3
Q

List the key growing attributes of Pinot Noir

A

Pinot Noir:

  • early budding - vulnerable to spring frost
  • early ripening - easier to grow in cooler climates for sparkling
  • Disease prone: susceptible to downy mildew (especially); powdery mildew, botrytis, bunch rot, fan leaf, leaf roll
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4
Q

List the key flavour attributes of Pinot Noir

A

Pinot Noir:
gives body to a blend
red fruits flavour, esp in Crémant
Only grape permitted for Crémant d’Alsace Rosé

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5
Q

List key attributes of growing Meunier

A

Meunier:

  • Black mutation of Pinot Noir
  • white hairs on leaves gives it a floury appearance (meunier = miller)
  • early budding (but later than Chardonnay and Pinot Noir), so grown in cooler Vallée de la Marne
  • grows on heavier clay soils
  • sensitive to botrytis
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6
Q

List key flavour attributes of Meunier

A

Meunier:

  • fruity
  • softness to Champagne blend, good for NV, with shorter ageing. Often drunk on release
  • is used for ageing by Krug
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7
Q

List attributes of Pinot Blanc

A

Pinot Blanc:
early budding - spring frost
prone to fungal disease

contributes pear and apple aromas
high acidity in Crémant

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8
Q

List the attributes of Macabeo

A

Macabeo:

late budding
high yield
susceptible to botrytis bunch rot and bacterial blight

light intensity apple and lemon

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9
Q

List the attributes of Xarel-lo

A

Xarel-lo:

mid-budding
susceptible to powdery and downy mildew

Greengage, gooseberry, and
herbal (fennel) notes

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10
Q

List the attributes of Parellada

A

Parellada:

  • lowest yield, latest ripening
  • plant at altitude, to get ripeness without too high alcohol
  • Adds ‘finess’ and floral notes
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11
Q

List the attributes of Garnacha Tinta

A

Garnacha Tinta:

  • tendency to oxidise
  • ripe red fruit
  • spicy notes
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12
Q

List the attributes of Trepat

A

Trepat:

  • local to Conca del Barberà
  • Strawberry flavours
  • Rosada only
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13
Q

List the attributes of Glera

A

Glera:

  • semi-aromatic
  • very high yields

Susceptible to powdery and downy mildew, drought, grapevine yellows

has to be trained long to get fruit, with 8-12 buds (first 2 don’t give much fruit)

low to medium density planting due to vigour

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14
Q

List the attributes of Muscat Blanc à Petit Grain

A

Muscat Blanc à Petit Grains:

  • Aromatic
  • early budding
  • mid-ripening
  • small berries
  • thick skin
  • attractive to flying insects due to scent (they eat it)

prone to powdery mildew, botrytis bunch rot

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15
Q

List the attributes of Lambrusco Salamino

A

Lambrusco Salamino:

  • fragrant, deep coloured, full bodies wines
  • mostly blended with other Lambrusco varieties
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16
Q

List the attributes of Lambrusco Grasparossa

A

Lambrusco Grasparossa:

  • grows best on clay/silt
  • only variety grown on hillsides
  • deep coloured/ full bodies wines
17
Q

List the attributes of Lambrusco di Sorbara

A

Lambrusco di Sorbara:

  • pale, light bodies wines
  • high acidity
18
Q

List the attributes of Reisling in sparkling

A

Reisling:
floral, apple, lemon primary notes

18 months on lees can develop smokey notes (rather than biscuit/brioche)

19
Q

What sparkling grape varieties are early budding?

A
Early budding:
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Meunier (albeit later than Chardonnay and Pinot Noir)
Pinot Blanc
Muscat Blancs a petit grains
20
Q

What sparkling grape varieties are aromatic or semi-aromatic and where are they made into wine?

A

Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains (Muscat Bianco, Muscato) (Asti)
Glera (semi, Prosecco, Australia)
Sauvignon Blanc (Chile)

21
Q

What sparkling varieties are late budding?

A

Late budding:

Macabeo

22
Q

What sparkling varieties are early ripening?

A

Early ripening:
Pinot Noir
Pinot Blanc

23
Q

What sparkling varieties are late ripening?

A

Late ripening:

Parellada

24
Q

What sparkling varieties are susceptible to botrytis or rot?

A
Botrytis:
Chardonnay
Pinot Noir
Pinot Meunier
Pinot Blanc
Macabeo
Moscato Bianco
25
What sparkling varieties are susceptible to coulure?
Coulure: pinot Noir Chardonnay
26
Set out common diseases for the most common Champagne grape varieties
All here are prone to botrytis 1 - Meunier: Botrytis 3 - Chardonnay: Botrytis, Powdery mildew, grapevine yellows 6 - Pinot Noir: Botrytis; Powdery mildew; Downy mildew (esp.) bunch rot; fan leaf, leaf roll 1 - Pinot Blanc: Botrytis
27
When do the common Champagne varieties bud?
All early, with Meunier slightly later than Chardonnay or Pinot Noir
28
Set out the favour profiles for common Champagne grape varieties
Apple/Pear - Chardonnay /Pinot Blanc Body, red fruits - Pinot Noir Fruity, soft - Meunier
29
Set out the flavour attributes that common grapes bring to Cava blends
Macabeo - light intensity apple and lemon Xarel-lo - greengage, herbal (fennel) Parellada - floral, finess Garnacha Tinta - red fruit, spicy notes Trepat - strawberry
30
Set out the common diseases with Cava grapes
Macabeo - botrytis, bunch rot Xarel-lo - powdery and downy mildew
31
Set out the main growing considerations of Cava grapes
Macabeo - highest yield Parellada - lowest yield. Grown at altitude as it ripens later and need to avoid sugar accumulation
32
List the flavour attributes of common Lambrusco grape varieties
Salamino - deep coloured, fragrant, full bodies wines Grasparossa - deep coloured, full bodied wines Sorbara - pale, light bodied, high acid wines
33
Which grapes are known for developing a toasty/smoky aroma with autolysis (as opposed to creamy or pastry)
Reisling - needs 18 months or so on lees Xarel-lo