Grapes Flashcards
Which grape is the primary grape in Spanish Rioja Blanco and Cava Sparking wines
Viura
Where is Viura found?
Mostly in Spain (~95%) and a little in France
Where is the most Zinfandel grown?
The US (Lodi, Sonoma, Paso Robles) circa 65% Then Puglia circa 30%
Which Greek wine has been compared to the Italian Nebbiolo and coveted wines of Barolo?
Xinomavro
What is Xinomavro
- A red grape
- The most important grape of Naoussa in Greece.
- High in tannin and acidity, mid-high alcohol and body
- Often compared to Nebbiolo
- Almost exclusively grown in Greece
Who is the biggest growers of Viognier?
- France (Rhône Valley, Languedoc-Roussillon
- Australia (Adelaide Hills, Barossa, Eden and Goulburn Valleys)
- United States (Paso Robles, Sonoma, Virginia, Washington)
- Italy (Sicily, Umbria, Tuscany)
- South Africa (Paarl, Stellenbosch, Swartland
- Argentina (Mendoza)
- Chile (Central Valley)
What is Viognier?
A white grape that create a rich oily white wine
Relatively low acidity
Originated in Northern Rhône
Rapidly growing in popularity in California and Australia where it is often aged in oak
What is Vin Santo?
Vin Santo (Holy wine) is a rare Italian dessert wine made of Trebbiano, Malvasia and/or Sangiovese
Because Vin Santo is so sweet, fermentation’s can last up to 4 years
High sweetness, high body, high alcohol, medium high acidity
What is Vinho Verde?
A regional wine blend from Portugal offered in a white, rosé and red style.
The most popular style is a low alcohol white fruity wine with a touch of spritz
Where are you most likely to find Vermentino?
Sardinia and Tuscany in Italy where it is used in oaked and unoaked styles
What are the key flavour characters of Vermentino?
Lime, grapefruit, green apple, almond and daffodil?
Where are you most likely to find Verdicchio?
It is found primarily in Le Marche, Italy.
Verdicchio wines are loved for their sweet, peachy aromas and somewhat oily texture
What will you find Verdejo?
Almost exclusively in Rueda region of Spain
What grapes make up a Valpolicella Blend?
Corvina, Corvinone, Molinara, Rondinella
What is another name for Trebbiano Toscano?
Ugni Blanc
What is another name for Ugni Blanc?
Trebbiano Toscano
Where is most Ugni Blanc grown?
France - Cognac, Armagnac, South West
Italy - Puglia, Abruzzo, Sicily, Tuscany, Lazio,
What is most Ugni Blanc used for?
To make brandy or balsamic vinegar
Where will you find Touriga Nacional?
Portugal. Douro Valley, Lisboa
Originally used in Port wines, this increasingly important Portuguese grape is now featured in single varietal red wines and blends from the Douro Valley
Which grape traditionally used in Port is now increasing being used for single varietal red wines and blends from the Douro Valley?
Touriga Nacional
What is Touriga Nacional also known as?
Touriga de Dão
Carabeuñera
Mortugua
Which Argentinian wine grape is actually a group of three varieties that are natural crossings with Muscat of Alexandria?
Torrontés
Which is considered the best variety of Torrontés?
Torrontés Riojano
Where are you most likely to find Tempranillo?
Spain (Rioja, Ribera del Duero & Toro) Circa 85%
Portugal (Douro Valley) 7%
What is Cencibel better known as?
Tempranillo
What is Tinta Roriz better know as?
Tempranillo
What is Aragonêz better known as?
Tempranillo
What is Tinta de Toro better known as?
Tempranillo
What is Ull de Llebre better known as?
Tempranillo
What is Tinta del Pais better known as?
Tempranillo
Which French wine has some of the highest polyphenols (antioxidants) of all red wines?
Tannat
Which is the #1 grape in Uruguay?
Tannat
Where are you most likely to find Tannat?
- South West France (Madiran, Irouléguy, Tursan, Béarn) ~47%
- Uruguay ~20%
What is another name for Madiran?
Tannat
What is another name for Tannat?
Madiran
Where are you most likely to find Syrah?
- France (Rhône Valley, Languedoc-Roussillon, Provence) ~35%
- Australia (South Australia)
- Spain (Castilla-La Mancha, Catalonia, Valencia, Aragon)
Where are you most likely to find Sémillon?
- France (Bordeaux, South West, Provence) ~53%
- Australia (Hunter Valley, Margaret River, Clare Valley, Barossa) ~25%
What is Sémillon also known as?
Hunter Valley Riesling?
What is Hunter Valley Riesling also known as?
Sémillon
What is Shiava?
A red grape variety
Found mostly in Germany and labelled as Trollinger
The tiniest variety is Shiava Gentile. It produces a sweet, aromatic, light-bodied wine with aroma reminiscent of cherry candy.
Where are you most likely to find Schiava?
This grape is mostly (~55%) found in Wurttemberg, Germany and labelled as Trollinger. It is usually the Shiava Grossa Variety.
Also found in Italy, Alto Adige - found labelled as Edelvernatsch (Schiava Gentile), Kleinvernatsch (Shiava Grossa), Schiava and St Maddelena
Where will you find Savantiano?
Greece specifically Attica, the regions around Athens.
Greece’s most planted variety is making a comeback as wine makes focus on quality.
It makes a rich full bodied white that is reminiscent of Chardonnay. Hey
What are the top five counties for Sauvignon Blanc?
France (Loire Valley, Bordeaux, Borgogne)
New Zealand (Marlborough, Hawke’s Bay, Nelson)
Chile (Casablanca Valley, Central Valley)
South Africa (Coastal Region, Breede River Valley)
Moldova
United States (California, Washington)
Australia (Adelaide Hills, Margaret River, Victoria)
Which grapes is Sauternes made from?
Sémillon, Sauvignon Blanc and Muscadelle - only if infected with a Botrytis Cinerea fungus
What is an Oaked Sauvignon Blanc known as?
Fumé Blanc
Where will you find Sangiovese?
The vast majority ~90%+ is found in Italy
Sangiovese is Italy’s most planted grape and the key variety in Chianti.
It is very sensitive, tasting quite different depending on where it is grown.
What is Sangiovese also known as?
Prugnolo Gentile
Nielluccio
Morellino
Brunello
What are the top five countries for Riesling?
- Germany ~45% Rheingau, Mosel, Pfalz, Rhieinhessen
- United States ~11% (Washington, California, New York)
- Australia (Clare Valley, Adelaide Hills)
- France (Alsace)
- Ukraine/Russia
- Austria (Lower Austria)
What is Riesling?
An aromatic white variety that can produce wines ranging from bone dry to very sweet.
Germany is the world’s most important producer of Riesling
High in acidity
What is Picpoul and where will you find it?
Picpoul is an old rare white French grape that is rising in popularity.
Grown almost exclusively in France (Languedoc-Roussillon, Rhône Valley)
It means ‘stings the lips’ and makes a lip zapping white wine that has a distinct saline note.
Made to be paired with seafood.
What is a cross of Cinsault and Pinot Noir?
Pinotage
Where will you find Pinotage?
Almost exclusively (95%+) in South Africa (Malmesbury, Paarl, Stellenbosch)
What is Pinot Gris otherwise known as?
Pinot Grigio or Grauburgunder
What is a pink grape mutation of Pinot Noir, that is famous for its zesty white wines that range in style from dry to sweet?
Pinot Gris
Where is Pinot Gris found?
- Italy (Veneto, Friuli-Venezia Guilia, Trentino-Alto Adige
- United States (Oregon, Central Coast, CA)
- Germany (Baden, Rheinhessen, Pfalz)
- Australia (Adelaide Hills, King and Yarra Valley, Mornington Peninsula)
- France (Alsace)
Where is Pinot Blanc found?
- Germany (Baden, Pfalz) ~25%
- Italy (Lombardy (Franciacorta) Alto Adige
- Austria (Niederösterreich - Lower Austria, Steiremark, Asturia)
- Alsace
What is Petite Syrah?
A rare, deeply coloured, tannic wine high in alcohol
Related to Syrah and the rare French-alps grape Peloursin
Grown predominantly (~80%) in United States - Napa Valley, Paso Robles, CA, Columbia Valley
Where can you find Petit Verdot?
- Spain - Castilla La Mancha, Mentrida
- Australia - South Australia
- France - Bordeaux
- United States - North Coast, CA: Columbia Valley
Considered a minor blended grape in Bordeaux, Petit Verdot has shown promise as a single varietal wine in warmer climates where it makes smooth full bodied reds
Where will you find Nero d’Avola
Sicily, Italy
What is Sicily’s most important red grape?
Nero d’Avola
Which light bodied red grape creates high quality reds and is found in the slopes of Mount Etna?
Nerello Mascalese
Where will you find Nerello Mascalese?
In the slopes of Mount Etna, Sicily
Which relatively high tannin wine with a distinctive finish of dried herbs/thyme is found in Puglia and almost nowhere else?
Negroamaro
What is the red grape made famous by the Barolo region of Piedmont?
Nebbiolo
Where will you find Nebbiolo?
92%+ is in Italy, mostly in Barolo, Piedmont
Where will you find Muscat of Alexandra?
Spain ~28%
Morocco ~ 12%
Argentina ~10%
Where will you find Muscat Blanc?
Italy (Piedmont, Lombardy, Veneto, Puglia) ~35%
France (Rhône Valley, Languedoc-Roussillon) ~22%
Greece (Peloponnese, Samos) ~7%
Spain (Andalucía) ~5%
What is Moschofilero?
A richly aromatic white grape from Mantineia, Greece
The grape has pink skins and can be make into a rose
Where will you find the grape Montepulciano?
This high quality Italian red grape is found mostly in Abruzzo Italy, where it produces wines with black fruit flavours and smoky sweet finish when made with care.
Also grown in Le Marche and Molise in Italy.
What is Monastrell also known as?
Mourvèdre or Mataro
What is Mataro also known as?
Monastrell or Mourvèdre
What is Mourvèdre also known as?
Monastrell or Mataro
Where will you find Monastrell?
Mostly in Spain ~85% of this deeply, bold, smoky red wine is found in Central Spain (Yecla, Jumilla, Bullas, Alicante)
It’s known as Mourvèdre in Southern France and blended with Grenache and Syrah in the Classic Rhône GSM blend
Where will you find Merlot?
- France (Bordeaux) ~23%
- Italy (Tuscany, Veneto) ~10%
- United States (California, Washington) ~8%
What is Mencía?
- A red grape from the Iberian peninsula (Spain & Portugal)
- known for its heady aromatics and potential to age.
- Relatively high in tannin, acidity, alcohol and body.
- Tart cherry, pomegranate, blackberry and licorice.
Where will you find Mencía?
- Spain (Bierzo, Ribera Sacra, Valdeorras) ~76%
2. Portugal (Dão) ~23%
What is Mencía also known as?
Jaen
Bierzo
Riberia Sacra
What is Melon?
Melon or Melon de Bourgogne is the grape from the Muscadet region of France, known for its lean, minerally white wines that pair famously with seafood
Where will you find the grape Melon?
Almost exclusively in France, in Muscadet-Sèvre et Maine, Muscadet
What is Marsanne?
Marsanne is a primary blending white grape in white Rhône along with Roussane, Grenache Blanc and Viognier.
Marsanne is a great alternative to Chardonnay.
Where will you find Marsanne?
In France, the Rhône Valley and Languedoc-Roussilon ~76%
Also some in Australia (Riverina, Gouldburn Valley and Barossa Valley) ~12%
What is Marsanne also known as?
Chateauneuf-du-Pape Blancs
Côtes du Rhône Blanc
What is Argentinians most important grape variety?
Malbec
What is Malbec also known as in Argentina?
Côt
Where is Malbec commonly found?
Argentina (Mendoza, San Juan, La Rioja and Catamarca) ~80%
There is also some in Cahors, South West France ~12%
What does Lambrusco mean?
Wild Grape
Where will you find Lambrusco?
In Emilia-Romagna, Italy