Grape Varieties Flashcards
Agiorgitiko
Red
tranlates to “St. George’s grape”
-Greece’s best known red variety
-high yields managed through close clusters
-small clusters of thick-skinned berries that are prone to mildew and disease
-planted primarily in Attica and central Peloponnese
-most famous as the solely permitted variety in the PDO of Nemea (Peloponnese)
-deeply colored, soft plummy fruit, tinged with spices and cocoa, high acid and tannins
-many winemakers seek to produce wines with lower tannins through carbonic maceration or late harvesting
Liatiko
Red
-indigenous variety of Crete
-creates both still and sweet wines
-early ripener
-low in tannin and color, medium acidity, floral aromatics
Notable PDOs:
Daphnes (Crete)
Sitia (Crete)
Limnio (Lemnio)
Red
-takes its name from the island of Limnos (likely takes its name from here)
-disease and drought resistant
-late ripening
-produces tight bunches that mature unevenly
-produce light-to-medium colored wines that can be austere, with higher tannin and alcohol, moderate acid, and an herbal nose
Notable PDOs:
Limnos (Aegean Islands) - 100%
Slopes of Meliton (Macedonia) - 70% and the rest blended with Cabernet Sauvignon
What PGI area in Macedonia is Liminio famous?
Mount Athos Vineyard
Mandilaria
Red
-important grape of Greek Islands
-dark hue, low in alcohol and aromatics, high in both tannin and acid
-ofen blended
Notable PDOs:
Archanes (Crete)
Candia (Crete)
Peza (Crete)
Sitia (Crete)
Paros (Aegean Islands)
Rhodes (Aegean Islands)
What is Mandilaria usually blended with in Crete?
Kotsifali or Liatiko
What is Mandilaria usually blended with in Paros?
Monemvasia (a white grape, though the finished wine is red)
Mandilaria is the most planted red grape of what island? What is it blended with?
Santorini
-Mavrotragano
What is the only PDO that features uncut Mandilaria?
Rhodes
(Aegean Islands)
Mavrodaphne
Red
-both a grape and a brand name
-grown primarily on the Ionian Islands and the west Peloponnese
-through extended oak aging, it is commonly made into an oxidized sweet wine comparable to a Tawny Port
-vigorous variety that requires strict yields to retain quality
-sets loose clusters of thick-skinned grapes that, when vinfi ed dry, produce a deeply colored, tannic wine with a slightly herbal nose
Notable PDOs:
Mavrodaphne of Patras (Peloponnese)
Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia (Ionian Islands)
What Italian grape variety is Mavrodaphne blended with? Who does this?
Refosco
Domaine Mercouri
What two PDOs are associated with dessert wine made from Mavrodaphne?
Mavrodaphne of Patras (Peloponnese)
Mavrodaphne of Cephalonia (Ionian Islands)
What is the flagship red grape variety of Northern Greece?
Xinomavro
Xinomavro
Red
-difficult to grow
-when treated well find similarities to Pinot Noir and Nebbiolo
-tannin and acid levels are naturally very high in Xinomavro, color tends to be light, sensitive to oxidation
-tomato, herb, olive, and sour cherry
Notable PDOs:
Amynteo (Macedonia)
Goumenissa (Macedonia)
Naoussa (Macedonia)
Rapsani (Thessaly)
What is Xinomavro blended with in Goumenissa?
Negoska
What is Xinomavro blended with in Rapsani?
Krassato and Stavroto
Aidani
White
-Santorini most notable PDO - likely its place of origin
-drought-tolerant
What is Aidani blended with in Santorini?
Assyrtiko and Athiri
What is the dessert wine made from Min. 51% Assyrtiko, plus Athiri, Aidani in Santorini?
Vinsanto (not to be confused with Vin Santo in Italy)
What % must Assyrtiko represent in Vinsanto?
51%
Assyrtiko
White
-considered by many to be the nest of Greece’s indigenous varieties
-high in alcohol
-rocky, chalky undertone
-drought tolerant, adaptable, and disease resistant
-sets compact clusters of large berries, and the wood of its trunks is especially hard, which helps it resist the intense winds that batter Santorini
-Naturally high levels of tartaric acid keep the wines crisp despite hot conditions
-prone to oxidation
Notable PDOs:
Malvasia Paros (Aegean Islands)
Santorini (Aegean Islands)
Slopes of Meliton (Macedonia)
What is the minimum % of Assyrtiko required in the blend in Santorini? What is it blended with?
70%
-Aidani and Athiri
Athiri
White
-native to Santorini
-most neutral of the island’s three flagship white varieties
-drought resistance and ability to retain quality at high crop levels
-medium acid and alcohol, and oral, citric, but somewhat neutral noses
Notable PDOs:
Rhodes (Aegean Islands)
Santorini (Aegean Islands)
Slopes of Meliton (Macedonia)
Debina
White
-sets big, compact bunches and is sensitive to drought
-does well in Epirus because it gets high rainfall
-tend to be elegant and refreshing, aromatic noses of green apple and lemon
- Alcohol levels are generally low and acidity is high
-good for sparkling
Notable PDOs:
Zitsa (Epirus)