Grape Growing And Viticulture Flashcards

1
Q

What is viticulture

A

The art and science of vine growing

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2
Q

Factors that effect wine quality and style

A

Geography, topography, climate, soil type, grape verities, viticulture practices

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3
Q

How does a cool climate effect the grape

A

Ripens slowly, less sugar, high acid, low alcohol, more tart and lean, less ripe and juicy

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4
Q

How does a warm climate effect the grape

A

Ripen fully, more sugar, low acid, high alcohol, more lush and juicy

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5
Q

What are the latitudinal zones for grape growing

A

30 and 50

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6
Q

How does the skin of the grape affect flavor

A

Tannins(structure and astringency), color, flavor and aromas,

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7
Q

How does pulp of a grape affect flavor

A

Water, sugar,acid, seeds(bitter)

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8
Q

How does water moderate climate

A

Rivers, lakes, oceans.

Helps warm or cool an area, more moderate temperatures and lessens the diurnal shift.

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9
Q

How do mountains help moderate climate change

A

Rain shadow effect, elevation, wind

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10
Q

What decisions are made in the vineyard and what is there impact

A

Spacing- in nutritious soil, vines should be planted closer together to compete

Training-

Yield- higher yields can reduce the quality of the final product but be more cost effective short term

Green harvest- trining clusters before harvest allows the remaining clusters to get more nutrients

Harvest- hand picking, whole cluster, or machine will effect quality of the final product. How big of a bucket will determine how many grapes get crushed prematurely

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11
Q

How does frost/freeze impact the vine

A

Damage or kill vines/ buds/ or flowers

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12
Q

How does hail effect the vines

A

Can shatter grapes on the vine or damage limbs

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13
Q

How does strong winds effect the vines

A

Blow vines over, blow off buds or flowers

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14
Q

What is a diurnal shift

A

Large temperature swing between day and night

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15
Q

Large diurnal shifts effect

A

Slows the ripening usually lending to higher quality and complexity

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16
Q

How does sunshine effect the grapes

A

Thickens the skins ( known for imparting tannins/ color/ flavors/ aromas)

Ripens the grape lowering the acidity, easing the sugar levels, ultimately producing a higher alcohol wine

17
Q

Gravely soil vs clay

A

Gravel - tends to warm and retain and emit heat throughout the night warming vines. Drains well and does not retain much moisture.

Clay- holds and emits no heat, does not drain well.

18
Q

Mesoclimate

A

Climate of a single vineyard site

19
Q

Microclimate

A

Climate of a single vine

20
Q

Macro climate

A

Climate of an area/ region/ appellation

21
Q

Climate defined by its proximity to a large body of water

A

Maritime

22
Q

What is phylloxera

A

Vine louse the decimated 1/3 of worlds vineyards in mid to late 1800’s

23
Q

Positive effects of wind

A

Combat mold by introducing dry air

Cooling and warming of the vines

24
Q

What is rain shadow effect

A

Area on the other side of a mountain opposite a body of water. Generally better weather, dryer/ more sun

25
Q

Examples of regions that have rain shadows

A

Eastern Washington
Alsace France
Mendoza
Rioja Spain

26
Q

What vine species produces most quality grape verities

A

Vitis vinifera