Grape Growing And Viticulture Flashcards
What is viticulture
The art and science of vine growing
Factors that effect wine quality and style
Geography, topography, climate, soil type, grape verities, viticulture practices
How does a cool climate effect the grape
Ripens slowly, less sugar, high acid, low alcohol, more tart and lean, less ripe and juicy
How does a warm climate effect the grape
Ripen fully, more sugar, low acid, high alcohol, more lush and juicy
What are the latitudinal zones for grape growing
30 and 50
How does the skin of the grape affect flavor
Tannins(structure and astringency), color, flavor and aromas,
How does pulp of a grape affect flavor
Water, sugar,acid, seeds(bitter)
How does water moderate climate
Rivers, lakes, oceans.
Helps warm or cool an area, more moderate temperatures and lessens the diurnal shift.
How do mountains help moderate climate change
Rain shadow effect, elevation, wind
What decisions are made in the vineyard and what is there impact
Spacing- in nutritious soil, vines should be planted closer together to compete
Training-
Yield- higher yields can reduce the quality of the final product but be more cost effective short term
Green harvest- trining clusters before harvest allows the remaining clusters to get more nutrients
Harvest- hand picking, whole cluster, or machine will effect quality of the final product. How big of a bucket will determine how many grapes get crushed prematurely
How does frost/freeze impact the vine
Damage or kill vines/ buds/ or flowers
How does hail effect the vines
Can shatter grapes on the vine or damage limbs
How does strong winds effect the vines
Blow vines over, blow off buds or flowers
What is a diurnal shift
Large temperature swing between day and night
Large diurnal shifts effect
Slows the ripening usually lending to higher quality and complexity