Grammer Flashcards
Verbs
describes an action, state of being, or event.
stat of being ex. is, was, were,) (shall, will, should
Gerreund
Is an ing word used as a noun
- you should be able to subsitute a noun for it.
- a ing without a helper verb is not a real verb
ex) sine he was five years old, swiming was his passion
ex) He enjoys swiming more than spending time with here
I am boxing
The verb for is am boxing (am is the helper
I love boxing
boxing is a gerrund
I wish christan bale was my boxing coach
boxing is adjective
Invinitive
(to love, to defeat, to go) base form before conjucating the verb. it is never main verb
An infinitive will almost always begin with to followed by the simple form of the verb.
“I hate to pay taxes”- TO PAY
invinitive
Present perfect verb
An action or situation that started in the past and continues in the present. ex) I have lived (ie has or have.
Past perfect verbs
“had” verbs are used to describe situation in which one past even occurred before another past event.
Past Perfect example
I had eaten three pieces of cake when I learned that the cake was poisoned.
or
By 2011 she had traveled to india twice.
Adverb
Are used to modify verbs. They can be used to describe adjectives. They do not describe nouns.
-To describe the verb (why how when did he run?)
Example of Adverbs
ly, also, late, fast, only, hard, high, very
You are quite correct
quite (adverb) modyfiying adjective correct
“The company needs to move quick if its to launch its new product before the holiday shopping season”
quick should be quickly
“I feel badly”
correct: bad
Adjective cannot modify a verb
The performer lively danced
Preopositions
are used to construct modifies.
* a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause, as in “the man on the platform,” “she arrived after dinner,” “what did you do it for ?”.
Most common prepositions
of, in, on, at, to, for, with, but, from
More on Prepositions
Prepositions indicate relationships between other words in a sentence.
-Many prepositions tell you where something is or when something happened.
Less common prepositions
until
Complex prepositions (2 words) simply connect two parts of a sentence
ie. according to, apart from
Prepositional Phrase
a group of words with two major components the preposition itself and the object (never subject) attached to it.
-After the preposition there is some kind of noun, pronoun, gerund,
Examples of Prepositional Phrases
by commiting murder, from him
Helping Verbs
is, was, will, should
“The Jury had delivered a verdict of guilty”
there has to be another past action that the had verb comes before
-had is written in the firstt even and the past -ed to the second
Why is it important to know Preopositional Phrase?
To ignore them and focus on core of sentence where mistakes are made
Conjuctions
Link words, phrases, and clauses, making lists, or contrasts,
Examples of Conjuctions
and, yet, not only, when, but, either, if, because
Coordinating Conjuctions
for, and, nor, but, or, yet (FANBOY)
Correlative Conjections
Either/or, niether/nor, both/and
parts after corellative conjuction have to match (verb w/verb noun
You can was the dishes or I will leave you = wrong
Predicate
The predicate is the part of a sentence (or clause) that tells us what the subject does or is. To put it another way, the predicate is everything that is not the subject.
Modifiers
Describe something in the sentence. Its not part of the core sentance. All prepositional phrases are modifiers.
Open Modifers
When a sentence begins with a warmup followed by a comma, the thing being described should come directly after the coma
“The study indicates more men are working in education….
Correct: The study indicates THAT more men
“mistook him for a spy”
Not “as” as spyy
