Grammatical Acquisition Flashcards
What are two areas of grammar?
Syntax and morphology
Syntactical advances allow children to:
-Order words into phrases and clauses
-Make different types of utterances ( simple, compound and complex ) fir different functions, except for declarative.
Morphological advances allow children to:
-Add inflections to words creating and marking distinctions between adjectives, showing possession and making plurals (inflectional morphology)
-Experiment with language by adding prefixes and suffixes to make new words, and convert words from one class to another (derivational morphology).
Name the four stages of children’s grammatical development and the approximate age, in months, at which each stage occurs:
- Holophrastic - 12-18
- Two-word - 18-24
- Telegraphic - 24-36
- Post-telegraphic -36+
Who studied two-word sentences and discovered that children from all countries and cultures make the same relationships between grammatical concepts?
Roger Brown
Describe the three stages of negation that Ursula Bellugi identified in young children:
- Uses ‘no’ or ‘not’ at the beginning or end of a sentence e.g ‘No wear shoes’
- Moves ‘no/not’ inside the sentence e.g ‘I no want it’
- Attaches the negative to auxiliary verbs and the copula verb ‘be’ securely e.g ‘No, I don’t want to go to nursery’, ‘I am not’
What are Bellugi’s three stages of pronoun development?
- The child use their own name (for example ‘Tom Play’.
- The child recognises the ‘I/me’ pronouns and that these are used in different places within a sentence (for example,’I play toy’, ‘Me do that’).
- The child uses them according to whether they are in the subject or object position within a sentence (for example, ‘I play with the toy’, ‘Give it to to me’).
______ are another function word acquired later in development
Determiners
What is a free morpheme?
A word that makes sense on its own e.g ‘pre’ or ‘consumer’ in ‘consumerism’
What is a bound morpheme?
A word that only makes sense when it does its grammatical job e.g ‘ism’ in ‘consumerism’ or ‘anti’ in ‘antibiotic’
Give four examples of prefixes
- De
- Pre
- In
- Un
Give four examples of suffixes
- Ion
- Ly
- Able
- Ing
What is the uncontractible copula in this sentence? ‘Gracie is going to bed’?
Is
What is the contractible copula in this sentence? ‘Bobbie, she’s asleep’?
She’s
Who believed that children will only acquire more complex forms of language when their intellectual development can cope? What is the name if this theory?
Piaget, cognitive theory
