grammar final recap/sum up Flashcards

1
Q

ようだ

らしい

A

looks like > based on your expectation/opinion (qd on peut assumer ses dires)
Looks like>base on what you saw, hear or read (observation only)

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2
Q

させていただき

させていただけますか

A

laissez moi faire qqch et en être fier

pouvez vous me laisser faire

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3
Q

nによって、による

A

Selon N, oui dire

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4
Q

N+ながら

A

expression figée (depuis l’époque, depuis qu’on est né)

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5
Q

N+なしに・ことなしに

A

sans faire qqch qui est pourtant de l’ordre de l’habitude

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6
Q

あげる
もらう
くれる

A

donner
recevoir
recevoir d’une personne proche

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7
Q

Vてしまう

A

Regret, spontanée, inattendu (comme j’ai décroché mon stage, je vais boire un verre avec des potes)

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8
Q

Vつもりだ

A

L’intention (ferme prise au préalable, oui dire)

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9
Q


たら

A

condition : condition nécessaire en BA
condition éventuelle ou non remplie et irréelle TARA
Insister sur qqch qu’on a fait TO

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10
Q

なら
のなら=んなら
ばいい

A

si vous dites que, s’ils disent que, si vous avez l’intention de
il suffit de

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11
Q

ために

ように

A

avec vb intentionnel

Avec vb non intentionnel

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12
Q

ところだった

ているところだった

A

I’m about to

Je suis en train de (avec vb intentionnel)

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13
Q

たところだ

A

have just done (this step is done, now i’m doing the second step)

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14
Q

たばかりだ

A

action terminé, have just done

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15
Q

はずだ

に違いない

A

certain à 95%

certain à 100%

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16
Q

そうだ

A

oral plus particulièrement, oui-dire

17
Q

Vnegてください
くださいますか
くださいませんか

A

ne faites pas

18
Q

VBCましょうか
てもいい
てはいけません

A

voulez vous que je
puis-je (permission)
interdiction

19
Q

どのN

どちら

A

lequel parmi N (plusieurs,+de 2)

parmi seulement 2

20
Q

vbneg なければなりません ないといけない 

A

il faut, on doit

21
Q

vbnegなくてもいいです

A

ce n’est pas la peine de

22
Q

ぜひ

Nまでに

A

don’t hesitate

d’ici , avant N (N=limite de temps)

23
Q

ないと

A

La nécessité au moment où l’on y pense, spontanée

24
Q

たらいい

といい

A

je vous conseille de

25
Q

オムライスに寂しいって書けば?

A

「~えば」conditional form suppose no constraint on the context and is the most “open” conditional form. It implies that the condition (sentence in えば) is less probable to happen compared to the other conditional form but, if it went to happen (no matter how low are the odds), the action described in the second sentence would happen too. The emphasis is more on the fact that the condition is hard to meet. Examples :

もしよかったら ==> If you agree/if you’re fine

もしよければ ==> Same meaning but sounds more hypothetical than the first one, implying that you’re requesting something more rude/asking for a favor that burden a lot the person you’re speaking to

what about writing “im sad” on the omelette? (give a supposition)