Grammar

Question 1

Types of pronouns

Answer 1

• personal pronouns (I and me, we and us, you, he and him, she and her, it, they and them);
• possessive pronouns (my and mine, your and yours, their and theirs, its);
• demonstrative pronouns (this, that, these, those);
• indefinite pronouns (anyone, some, many, most);
• relative pronouns (who, whom, whose, what, which, that); and
• interrogative pronouns (who, whom, whose)

Question 2

adjective

Answer 2

describes or gives additional info (modifies) about a noun or pronoun
eg, red car, elderly cat, he was muscular

Question 3

adverb

Answer 3

• modifies a verb, adjective, other adverbs, or entire clauses
• most end in “ly”
• answer questions. How? When? Where? Why? Under what conditions? With what result?

Question 4

preposition

Answer 4

• linking words that express relationship between nouns or pronouns and other words in a sentence
• eg, in, of, over
• -eg, sam fell into the pool
• -“into” shows relation between noun “pool” and sam’s fall

-“pre” “positioned” before nouns and any words modifying this noun

Question 5

conjunction

Answer 5

joins words, phrases, class, and sentences

-eg, and, but, if

Question 6

types of conjunctions

Answer 6

coordinating conjunctions

subordinating conjunctions

conjunctive adverbs

conjunctive punctuation

Question 7

interjection

Answer 7

words like “oh” “holy smokes” or “yikes”, that express emotion

• not essential to the meaning of the sentence
• almost always have commas around them

Question 8

the 8 parts of speech

Answer 8

• nouns
• pronouns
• adjectives
• verbs
• adverbs
• prepositions
• conjunctions
• interjections

Question 9

components of a full sentence

Answer 9

Subject + verb (+ object) + complete idea = complete/full/simple sentence

Question 10

3 types of clauses

Answer 10

• independent
• subordinate/dependent
• relative

Question 11

independent clause

Answer 11

• full sentences that have been joined w other sentences to make a more complex structure
• every grammatically correct sentence must contain at least one independent clause; it is anchor of sentence

Question 12

subordinate/dependent clause

Answer 12

• clause that begins w subordinating conjunction
• almost but not quite a full sentence; it has subject, verb, and usually an object; but due to subordinating conjunction it no longer offers a complete idea
• eg, “While jack visited the museum”
• -begins w subordinate conjunction “while”

Question 13

Full list of subordinating conjunctions

Answer 13

Subordinating conjunctions include the following:
after	although
as	as if
as long as	as though
because	before
even if	even though
if	in order that
provided that	rather than
since	so that
though	unless
until	when
whenever	where
wherever	whether
while

Question 14

relative clauses

Answer 14

• modifies a noun or pronoun
• begins with a relative pronoun
• -eg., “The woman who ran the office was very competent.” “Who ran the office” is additional information about the woman

Question 15

relative pronoun

Answer 15

• act like subordinating conjunction; they subordinate a clause bc they point to missing info - the noun or pronoun that “who” or that” or “which”etc refers to
• They need to be part of an independent clause because they do not communicate a complete idea.

Question 16

Who/whom or that/which

Answer 16

• use who/whom when referring to people to favoured pets

- use that/which when referring to tings, animals, ideas etc

Question 17

Who Vs Whom

Answer 17

• use who when the relative pronoun is the subject of the relative clause
• use whole when the relative pronoun is the object of a relative clause

**pg 68

Question 18

coordinating conjunctions

Answer 18

-fanboys are coordinating conjunctions and join things of equal weight like two independent clauses

Question 19

relative clauses

Answer 19

-begin with relative pronoun; that, which, who, whom