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02 TOP NOTCH 3 > GRAMMAR 01 > Flashcards

GRAMMAR 01 Flashcards

0
Q

MAY

A

PUEDE

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1
Q

WILL BE ABLE = CAN

A

The doctor WILL BE ABLE to see you tomorrow

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2
Q

MIGHT

A

PODRÍA

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3
Q

HAD (+)

A

I HAD ALREADY ARRIVED BY NOON

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4
Q

YET (-)

A

THE MEETING HADN’T YET BEGUN WHEN WE ARRIVED

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5
Q

MUST

A

DEBE, TIENE QUE

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6
Q

MUST

A

TAMBIÉN SE USA PARA HACER CONCLUSIONES

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7
Q

YOU LOOK AWFUL

A

YOU MUST BE IN A LOT OF PAIN (CONCLUSION)

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8
Q

THE DOCTOR SAID I SHOULD COME IN NEXT WEEK

A

IT MUST NOT BE AN EMERGENCY

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9
Q

AWFUL

A

HORRENDO, TERRIBLE

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10
Q

MOST LIKELY

A

MUY PROBABLEMENTE

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11
Q

PROBABLY

A

Después de be; antes de negaciones y antes de otros verbos

# They're PROBABLY at the dentist
# She PROBABLY isn't feeling well
# He PROBABLY forgot the appointment
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12
Q

Se puede usar PROBABLY o MOST LIKELY al comienzo de una oración en aras de hacer una conclusión

A 
# PROBABLY she's a teacher
# MOST LIKELY he forgot the appointment
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13
Q

MAY BE = PUEDE SER

A

MAYBE = TAL VEZ, QUIZÁ

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14
Q

She MAY BE a doctor

A

NUNCA: She MAYBE a doctor (Ella tal vez doctora ?????)

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15
Q

MAYBE she’s a doctor

A

TAL VEZ ella es doctora

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16
Q

Los causativos son 3 verbos que se usan para que una persona convenza u ordene a otra persona (cosa) hacer algo.

A 
Los verbos causativos son tres: 
GET (Convencer)
HAVE (Dar instrucciones)
MAKE (Mandar)
Se puede decir que HAVE = MAKE
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17
Q

I GET the company TO BUY a new car

Cuando se usa GET el verbo va en INFINITIVO es decir precedido de TO

A

Convencí a la compañía de comprar un carro nuevo

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18
Q

They GOT the students TO CLEAN UP the class room

A

Convencieron a los estudiantes de limpiar el salón

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19
Q

You HAVE my assistant PLAN the meeting

Cuando se usa HAVE y MAKE el verbo va en BASE FORM, es decir NO está precedido de TO

A

Usted solicitó a mi asistente planear la reunión

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20
Q

They HAD the bellman BRING the guest’s bags

A

Solicitaron al botones traer las maletas de los invitados

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21
Q

I MAKE my brother HELP me finish the job

A

Ordené a mi hermano ayudarme a terminar el trabajo

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22
Q

They MADE him SIGN the form

A

Le ordenaron firmar el formato

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23
Q

You can HAVE he DO that for you

Nótese que a pesar de ser TERCERA PERSONA el verbo va en BASE FORM. No va DOES

A

Puede pedirle a él que haga eso para usted

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24
Q

LET se usa para dar permiso

A

She LET her sister WEAR her favorite skirt

Ella dejó a su hermana vestir su falda favorita

LET no va con S al final

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25
Q

My boss LET me TAKE the day off

A

I DON’T LET my children STAY out after 9:00

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26
Q

Why DON’T you LET me HELP you?

A

Por qué no me deja ayudarlo?

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27
Q

El pasivo causativo
Dos verbos HAVE y GET que se combinan con participio
El participio NO está precedido de TO

A

HAVE = GET = LOGRAR

No se usa MAKE

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28
Q

I HAD my suits DRY-CLEANED

A

LOGRÉ que mis vestidos FUERAN lavados

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29
Q

THEY’RE HAVING the office PAINTED tomorrow

A

Ellos lograron que la oficina SEA pintada mañana

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30
Q

She CAN GET her sandals REPAIRED in an hour

A

Ella logró que sus sandalias FUERAN reparadas en una hora

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31
Q

We’re HAVING the office painted BY Royal Services

A

Logramos que la oficina fuera pintada por Royal Services

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32
Q

TO QUOTE

A

ABRIR COMILLAS

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33
Q

TO UNQUOTE

A

CERRAR COMILLAS

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34
Q

MARTHA TOLD ME “BE HOME BEFORE THE SNOWSTORM”

A

MARTHA TOLD ME TO BE HOME BEFORE THE SNOWSTORM

35
Q

EVERYONE IS SAYING “GET READY FOR A BIG STORM”

A

EVERYONE IS SAYING TO GET READY FOR A BIG STORM

36
Q

MARÍA ALWAYS TELLS HIM “DON’T LEAVE YOUR DOORS OPEN”

A

MARÍA ALWAYS TELLS HIM NOT TO LEAVE HIS DOORS OPEN

37
Q

CAUSATIVO. SON 3 VERBOS PARA DAR ÓRDENES

A

GET, HAVE AND MAKE

38
Q

Verbos en pasado que terminan en D o T se pronuncia ED

A

DOWNLOADED, PAINTED

39
Q

Todas las demás terminaciones DIFERENTES a T o D se pronuncian con T FINAL

A

RepaiRED (Ripairt), ShorteNED (Shortent)

40
Q

NOUN CLAUSE

A

GRUPO DE PALABRAS QUE FUNCIONAN COMO UN SUSTANTIVO

41
Q

I didn’t know (that) he wrote that book

A

I THINK that GH’s books are fantastic

42
Q

En las respuestas se puede usar SO para reemplazar una NOUN CLAUSE. Seguido de verbos como THINK, GUESS etc.

A

DOES he HAVE a new book out? I think SO

43
Q

También pueden estar precedidas de ADJETIVOS no sólo de VERBOS

A

WE are not surprised (that) his new book is excellent

44
Q

Where does the story take place?

A

I guess that the history takes place in Fómeque

45
Q

What does GH usually write about?

A

I think that he writes about biographies

OJO la pregunta y la respuesta en el MISMO TIEMPO

46
Q

What kind of book IS he GOING TO write?

A

I hope he IS GOING TO write a novel

NUNCA “I hope he writes a novel”

47
Q

Embedded questions

A

Llevan signo de interrogación cuando empiezan con palabra interrogativa.

48
Q

Tell me if that magazine is good

Sin interrogación

A

Could you tell me if you read the newspaper?

Lleva signo al final

49
Q

Can you tell me who it’s written for?

A

Do you know where the writer IS from?

50
Q

If I HAVE headache. Está mal. Siempre tiene que ir en pasado

A

IF I HAD HEADACHE

51
Q

Reportar lo que alguien dijo

Los verbos van en INFINITIVO, precedidos de TO o NOT TO cuando sea necesaria una negación.

A

Peter said, “Be careful if you go out”

se convierte en

Peter said TO BE careful if you go out.

52
Q

Marina says “Don’t go out without a full tank of gas”

Marina says NOT TO GO out without a full tank OF gas.

A

She told Dan, “Call me tomorrow”

She told Dan TO CALL HER the next day. (Se debe arreglar la frase para darle sentido)

53
Q

USE TELL WHEN YOU MENTION THE LISTENER

A

USE SAY WHEN YOU DON’T MENTION THE LISTENER

54
Q

Maggie TOLD HER PARENTS TO STAY home

A

MAGGIE SAID TO STAY home

55
Q

Cuando SAY y TELL están en pasado, los verbos también

Presenté se vuelve pasado

Pasado ED se vuelve Pasado Perfecto HAD

A

They said, “The weather IS awful”

They said (that) the weather was awful

56
Q

Dan said, “We all had the flu”

A

Dan said (that) They all HAD HAD the flu

57
Q

Hay 3 casos en los que es OPCIONAL el cambio de tiempo

  1. Cuando la oración se refiere a algo que apenas acaban de decir
A

I just heard the news. They said a storm is coming

I just heard the news. They said a storm was coming

JUNTAS SON VÁLIDAS

58
Q
  1. Cuando se refiere a algo que es verdadero

May told us she wants to get a flu shot tomorrow

A

También

May told us she wanted to get a flu shot tomorrow

59
Q
  1. Cuando se refiere a una verdad aceptada, que no tiene duda

They said English is an international language

A

They said English was an international language

JUNTAS SON VÁLIDAS

60
Q

I WAS GOING TO GET MARRIED

THEY WERE GOING TO STUDY

A

WAS SHE GOING TO STUDY LAW?

WERE YOU GOING TO TRAVEL TO AUSTRALIA?

61
Q

WEREN’T YOU GOING TO STUDY LAW?

Yes, I was OR No, I wasn’t

A

Where were they going to work?

Who was going to teach this class?

Were you going to study with her?

62
Q

WOULD

A

Le pone al verbo la terminación RÍA

63
Q

She thought she would be a doctor

We believed they would get married

A

They said they would pay for their studies

They said they were going to arrive before noon

64
Q 
INCORRECTO 
She would be a doctor
CORRECTO
She thought she would be a doctor
She was going to be a doctor
A

No se puede usar would SÓLO, sin anteponer un verbo

65
Q

MODALES:

SHOULD

A

DEBERÍA

66
Q

OUGHT TO

A

DEBERÍA

67
Q

MAY

A

PUEDE

68
Q

MIGHT

A

PODRÍA

69
Q

Use BE GOING to express a plan

I’m going to call a dentist

A

INCORRECTO

I will call a dentist

70
Q

SHOULD HAVE

A

DEBIÓ

Para CRITICAR, o expresar ARREPENTIMIENTO

71
Q

MUST HAVE + PARTICIPIO PASADO

A

DEBIÓ

TO DRAW CONCLUSIONS

72
Q

WOULD HAVE, COULD HAVE

A

PARA EXPRESAR POSIBILIDADES IRREALES

73
Q

MAY HAVE OR MIGHT HAVE

A

PUEDE O PODRÍA

PARA ESPECULAR

74
Q

I SHOULD HAVE STUDIED MEDICINE

ARREPENTIMIENTO

A

SHE SHOULDN’T HAVE DIVORCED

CRÍTICA

75
Q

I MAY HAVE FAILED THE FINAL EXAM. IT WAS SO HARD

I MIGHT HAVE FAILED …..

ESPECULACIONES

A

He MAY not have been able to make a living as a painter

He MIGHT not have been ….

76
Q

It’s bad he broke up with Anne. They would have been happy together

POSIBILIDADES IRREALES, COSAS QUE PUDIERON SER

A

He COULD HAVE prevented the accident

COSAS QUE PUDIERON SER

77
Q

Beth is drunk. He must have drunk a lot of wine

A

They don’t buy the house. The price MUST NOT HAVE BEEN acceptable

DRAW CONCLUSIONS

78
Q

A MARIACHI SINGER IS SOMEONE WHO (THAT) SINGS TRADITIONAL MEXICAN MUSIC

CARNAVAL IS A HOLIDAY FOR PEOPLE WHO (THAT) LIKE PARADES

A

THANKSGIVING IS A CELEBRATION THAT TAKES PLACE IN NOVEMBER (NO PUEDE IR WHO)

THE PARADE THAT CONMEMORATE THIS DAY IS GOOD
NUNCA: THE PARADE THAT CONMEMORATE THIS DAT IT IS GOOD (NO PUEDE IR EL PRONOMBRE)

79
Q

THE PERSON WHO (THAT) COMES FOR DINNER SHOULD BRING A GIFT

THE PERSON WHO (WHOM, THAT) YOU INVITE FOR DINNER SHOULD BRING A GIFT

A

THE PERSON YOU INVITE FOR DINNER SHOULD BRING A GIFT

NUNCA: THE PERSON COMES FOR DINNER SHOULD BRING A GIFT

80
Q

A WHO, WHOM, THAT LOS PUEDE REEMPLAZAR UN PRONOMBRE

I, YOU, HE, ETC

A

THE MAN WE INVITE TO THE PARTY IS FROM FÓMEQUE

81
Q

THE DRESS THAT SHE’S WEARING IS CALLED CHEONGSAM

SE PUEDE OMITIR

THE DRESS SHE’S WEARING IS CALLED CHEONSANG

A

ANZAC DAY IS A HOLIDAY WICH PEOPLE CELEBRATE IN AUSTRALIA

ANZAC DAY IS A HOLIDAY PEOPLE CELEBRATE IN AUSTRALIA

82
Q

SUSTANTIVOS, NO CONTABLES, QUE REPRESENTAN IDEAS ABSTRACTAS.

Se usa cuando se refiere a cosas GENERALES no PARTICULARES

A

NO LLEVAN “THE”

VAN EN SINGULAR

83
Q

EDUCATION IS AN IMPORTANT ISSUE

A

NO ⭐️ THE EDUCATION IS AN IMPORTANT ISSUE ⭐️

NO ⭐️ EDUCATIONS ARE IMPORTANT ISSUE ⭐️

84
Q

POVERTY WAS THE TOPIC OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE

A

CANDIDATES HAVE PROGRAMS FOR EDUCATION

85
Q

WHY DON’T

A

POR QUÉ NO

86
Q

I GET my brother TO SELL his car
I HAVE the students CLEAN the board
I MAKE the employee WASH my shoes

Dígalos en PASADO

A

I GOT my brother TO SELL his car

I HAD the students CLEAN the board

I MADE the employee WASH my shoes

02 TOP NOTCH 3 (33 decks)

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