Gram Positives Antibiotics

Question 1

What develops cross-linked chains in cell wall

Answer 1

Process catalysed by transpeptidases (penicillin binding proteins). Targets of antibiotics

Question 2

Why are gram positives more susceptible to some antibiotics then gram negative

Answer 2

Gram positive only has 1 membrane and gram negative has 2 membranes. Gram negative has hydrolytic enzymes in periplasm

Question 3

Beta Lactams Mode of Action

Answer 3

Transpeptidase is inactivated by beta lactams. Weakens cell wall = resulting in cell lysis. Bacteriocidal

Question 4

Different types of nucleic acid synthesis

Answer 4

Inhibit folate acid (trimethoprim), inhibit DNA gyrase (fluroquinolones, prevents strain when unwinding helix), bind to DNA polymerase (rifamycin) and break DNA strands (nitroimidazoles).

Question 5

Protein Synthesis Inhibitors Outline

Answer 5

Bind to ribosome 30S and 50S subunits. This prevents process if translation

Question 6

How batalactamase works

Answer 6

Bind to characteristic loop on betalactams denaturing them