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Gram Positive Cocci Flashcards

1
Q

Color of Staph aureus when plated

A

gold

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2
Q

Catalase test in Staph aureus

A

Positive

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3
Q

Coagulase test in Staph aureus

A

Positive

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4
Q

Coagulase

A

Converts fibrinogen to fibrin

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5
Q

Colonization of Staph aureus

A

Nares

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6
Q

Complications of Staph aureus

A

Coughing pneumoniae
Most commonly a post viral infection
Septic arthritis
Cellulitis/furuncles/abscesses
Acute bacterial endocarditis (tricuspid)
Osteomyelitis

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7
Q

Toxin mediated diseases of Staph aureus

A

Scalding skin syndrome
Toxic shock syndrome
Rapid onset food poisoning
MRSA

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8
Q

Scaled skin syndrome

A

Skin peeing off
Mediated by exfoliating toxin (a protease)

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9
Q

Toxic shock syndrome

A

Non-specific binding of MHC2 to T-cell receptors
Cytokine storm

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10
Q

Rapid onset food poisoning

A

Vomiting rather than diarrhea
Meats and custards that are out to long

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11
Q

MRSA

A

Methicillin resistant staph aureus
Alters penicillin binding proteins
Vancomycin or naphcillin

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12
Q

Common sources of Staph epidermis

A

Prosthetic joint infection
Catheter associated infection
Artificial heart valves

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13
Q

How does Staph epidermis protect from antibiotics

A

Biofilm- sticks to surfaces

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14
Q

How is Staph epidermis treated

A

Vancomycin

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15
Q

Catalase test in Staph epidermis

A

Positive

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16
Q

Coagulase test in Staph epidermis

A

Negative

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17
Q

Associations with Staph saprophyticus

A

Honeymoon cystitis (UTI associated with sexual activity)
UTIs
Acute bacterial prostitis

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18
Q

Catalase test in Staph saprophyticus

A

Positive

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19
Q

Coagulate test in Staph saprophyticus

A

Negative

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20
Q

Strep Pyogenes group

A

Group A

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21
Q

Is Strep Pyogenes beta or alpha hemolytic

A

Beta

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22
Q

Infections caused by Strep Pyogenes

A

Impetigo
Pharyngitis (Strep throat)
Cellulitis

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23
Q

Conditions caused by Strep Pyogenes toxin

A

Scarlet fever
Toxic shock like syndrome
Necrotizing fasciitis

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24
Q

Scarlet fever

A

Reddening and swelling of the tongue (strawberry tongue)
Face rash
Pharyngitis

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25
Associated symptoms with strep
Rheumatic fever Post strep glomerular nephritis
26
Rheumatic fever type of sensitivity
Type 2
27
M protein
Positive with rheumatic fever Anti-phagocytic Strong humoral response Own antibodies attack heart (mitral valve)
28
JONES factor (symptoms of rheumatic fever)
Joints (polyarthritis) Heart (pericarditis) Nodules (subcutaneous nodules) Erythema marginatum Sydenham's chorea (rapid movements of hands and feet)
29
What does rheumatic fever ALWAYS follow
Pharyngitis
30
Post strep glomerular nephritis type of sensitivity
Type 3 hypersensitivity
31
Post strep glomerular nephritis symptoms
Glomerular damage Dark brown urine Edema of the face
32
When does Post strep glomerular nephritis occur
2 weeks after initial strep infection Can occur from impetigo or pharyngitis
33
Strep pyogenes virulence factors
Streptolysin O Streptokinase DNAases
34
Streptolysin O
Lyse red blood cells and be beta hemolytic
35
Streptokinase
Converts plasminogen to plasmin
36
DNAases
Depolymerize DNA
37
Strep Agalactiae group
Group B strep
38
Strep Agalactiae in newborns can cause
Meningitis or sepsis
39
Strep Agalactiae in pregnancy
Vaginal swab of ALL mothers at 35 weeks Women can pass strep through the vagina to the new fetus
40
Strep Agalactiae treatment
penicillin
41
Hippurate test in Strep Agalactiae
Positive
42
CAMP test in strep
Negative
43
Is Strep Agalactiae beta or alpha hemolytic
Beta
44
Strep Agalactiae outcomes
Pneumonia Meningitis Sepsis
45
is Strep pneumonia alpha or beta hemolytic
Alpha
46
is Strep pneumonia alpha or beta hemolytic
Alpha
47
Strep pneumonia capsule
Polysaccharide
48
Strep pneumonia sensitivity
Optochin
49
Strep pneumonia shape
Lancet shape diplococci
50
Strep pneumonia soluability
Bile soluable
51
Strep pneumonia infections
Meningitis Otitis media Pneumonia Sinusitis
52
Strep pneumonia IgA protease test
Positive
53
What makes you sensitive to Strep pneumonia
Sickle cell anemia
54
Strep pneumonia vaccines in adults
23 valent polysaccharide vaccine IgM response T cell independent
55
Strep pneumonia treatment
Macrolides or ceftriaxone
56
Strep pneumonia vaccine in children
7 valent polysaccharide More robust T cell response IgG response
57
Strep virdans capsulation
NONE
58
Strep viridans and optochin's
Not resistant
59
Associations of Strep viridans
Dental caries Subacute endocarditis (mitral valve)
60
Pathogenesis of Strep viridans
Adhere to fibrin platelet aggregates via dextrans
61
Strep Enterococcus group
Group D strep
62
Two species
Faecium Fecalis
63
Enterococcus and bile resistance
Bile resistant
64
3 common symptoms of enterococcus
UTI Pericarditis Biliary tree infections
65
Antibiotic resistance of enterococcus
Resistant to everything (including vancomycin) Can use linezolid or tigecycline
66
Strep gallolyticus group
Group D strep
67
Is Strep gallolyticus encapsulated
yes
68
Is Strep gallolyticus alpha or beta hemolytic
Gamma LOL got ya there
69
Biofilm of Strep gallolyticus
Very good at making biofilm
70
Where can Strep gallolyticus exist normally
In the GI tract flora
71
Clinical relevance of Strep gallolyticus
Endocarditis Hepatobiliary disease Colorectal neoplasia
72
What to think of first with Strep gallolyticus
COLON cancer
73
Strep gallolyticus treatment
3rd gen cephalosporins Vancomycin Penicillin

Microbiology (5 decks)

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