Gram negative bacilli - enterobacteriacea

Question 1

Escherichia coli
(Endogenous) Morphology/structure

Answer 1

Gram negative
rod facultative
anaerobe

Question 2

Escherichia coli
(Endogenous) Modes of Transmission

Answer 2

Normal flora of
the human
intestines

Question 3

Escherichia coli
(Endogenous) Virulence Factors

Answer 3

Fimbriae bind to
urinary tract,
hemolysins cause
lysis of urinary
tract cells, K antigen
forms capsule

Question 4

Escherichia coli
(Endogenous) Diseases/Symptoms

Answer 4

Urinary tract infection
(UTI), Symptoms include:
pain or burning upon
urination, frequent
urination, blood in urine

Question 5

Escherichia coli
(Endogenous) Diagnostics

Answer 5

Urine contains
WBC, RBC and
bacteria

Question 6

Escherichia coli
(Endogenous) Prevention/Treatment

Answer 6

Opportunistic
pathogen,
often self limiting.

Question 7

Escherichia coli
(Endogenous) Immune Response

Answer 7

Normal flora can
cause
opportunistic
UTI. Some
strains are
ESBL, need to
treat with
ciprofloxacin

Question 8

E. coli O157:H7
(Exogenous)
Enterohemorrhagic
E. coli (EHEC) Morphology/Structure

Answer 8

Gram negative
rod

Question 9

E. coli O157:H7
(Exogenous)
Enterohemorrhagic
E. coli (EHEC) Modes of Transmission

Answer 9

Eating
undercooked
raw beef. Normal
flora of intestines
of cattle
(zoonotic
pathogen)

Question 10

E. coli O157:H7
(Exogenous)
Enterohemorrhagic
E. coli (EHEC) Virulence Factors

Answer 10

Adheres to
intestinal epithelial
cells

Question 11

E. coli O157:H7
(Exogenous)
Enterohemorrhagic
E. coli (EHEC) Diseases/Symptoms

Answer 11

Hemorrhagic diarrhea,
Symptoms: Bloody
diarrhea, stomach
cramps, vomiting,
Can cause anemia or
kidney failure

Question 12

E. coli O157:H7
(Exogenous)
Enterohemorrhagic
E. coli (EHEC) Diagnostics

Answer 12

Culture stool,
test for
presence of
toxins produced
by bacterium

Question 13

E. coli O157:H7
(Exogenous)
Enterohemorrhagic
E. coli (EHEC) Prevention/Treatment

Answer 13

Prevent by
cooking beef
to at least
160°F to kil
bacteria,
Manage
dehydration
caused by
diarrhea
Dialysis & if
very serious
blood
transfusion

Question 14

E. coli O157:H7
(Exogenous)
Enterohemorrhagic
E. coli (EHEC) Immune Response

Answer 14

Usually just
casuses nausea
and vomiting.
Severe cases
can cause
anemia and
kidney failure

Question 15

Salmonella
enteritidis Morphology/Structure

Answer 15

Gram negative
rod
peritrichous
flagella

Question 16

Salmonella
enteritidis Modes of Transmission

Answer 16

Usually
transmitted by
contaminated
food (often
chicken) and
water. Can also
get from reptiles
and birds.

Question 17

Salmonella
enteritidis Virulence Factors

Answer 17

Fimbrae, adhesion
factors, enterotoxin

Question 18

Salmonella
enteritidis Diseases/Symptoms

Answer 18

Food borne illness,
nausea, fever, abdominal
cramps, symptoms last 4-
7 days

Question 19

Salmonella
enteritidis Diagnostics

Answer 19

Produce H2S -
Black ppt. on
TSI agar

Question 20

Salmonella
enteritidis Prevention/Treatment

Answer 20

Most recover
without
treatment,
severe cases
use antibiotics
like amoxicillin

Question 21

Salmonella
enteritidis Immune Response

Answer 21

Not usually
severe, usually
self limiting

Question 22

Salmonella typhi Morphology/Structure

Answer 22

Gram negative
rod
peritrichous
flagella

Question 23

Salmonella typhi Modes of Transmission

Answer 23

blood stream &
intestines of
humans, shed
via feces & can
contaminate
water and food

Question 24

Salmonella typhi Virulence Factors

Answer 24

LPS endotoxin, pili
adhere to GI tract

Question 25

Salmonella typhi Diseases/symptoms

Answer 25

Causes Typhoid fever,
symptoms include fever,
diarrhea, rash, loss of
appetite

Question 26

Salmonella typhi Diagnostics

Answer 26

Test blood or
stool for
presence of
Salmonella
typhi

Question 27

Salmonella typhi Prevention/Treatment

Answer 27

Is a vaccine,
can be treated
with ampicillin
or amoxicillin

Question 28

Salmonella typhi Immune Response

Answer 28

Some people
can be carriers
(lives in gall
bladder) with
no signs or
symptoms
(Typhoid
Mary)