Grade 9 - Matter Flashcards
What is Kinetic Theory?
Kinetic Theory is the theory that all particles are constantly in motion. The energy from this motion is called kinetic energy. The more the particles move around the more kinetic energy they have. Solids have the least kinetic energy, and gases have the most
What is the solid state of matter?
Like why is it solid or what are its properties
The particles of solids are tightly packed together. They cannot be moved easily, and this gives it a fixed shape and fixed volume
What is the liquid state of matter?
Like why is it liquid or what are its properties
The particles are free to move around each other, however they cannot pull apart from each other. This means they don’t have a fixed shape, and instead just take the shape of their container, but they do have a fixed volume
What is the gaseous state of matter?
Like why is it a gas or what are its properties
Particles that make up a gas can pull apart and move past each other. This means they have neither a fixed shape or volume
What is a Physical Change?
A physical change is a change that changes the physical properties of something, such as the size, shape and state of matter, however the chemical properties, such as the molecules its made of, stay the same. Physical Changes are often reversible.
What is an example of Physical Change?
Ice melting or Water freezing is an example of a Physical Change. It is a change of state, is easily reversible, and the chemical properties stay the same, as it stays as H20 throughout the process
What is a Chemical Change?
Chemical changes are processes that change somethings chemical properties. The process is typically irreversible
What is an example of Chemical Change
Something burning is an example of a chemical change. Once something is burnt, you cannot revert it to its original state. The chemical properties change as well e.g wood becomes ash, which has different chemical properties
What is a compound?
A compound is when elements combine chemically. The result typically has different chemical properties than the reactants. It is physically impossible to seperate a compound, as instead you would need a chemical reaction to achieve this
What is an example of a compound?
Most, if not all molecules are compounds, e.g Water, CO2, Salt blablabla imma use Water as an example
Water is a compound because the 2 reactants, Hydrogen and Oxygen, 2 Gases, combine to form Water. The result has different chemical properties, e.g it is liquid
What is a mixture?
A mixture is a combination of 2 or more substances. They don’t chemically combine, so they still retain their original chemical properties and they can be seperated. This doesnt have to be liquid, and can be basically anything. A pizza is technically a combination of 2 or more substances, ergo it is a mixture (thats not a joke). Mixtures can be heterogeneous or homogeneous
What is a homogeneous mixture?
A homogenous mixture is one where the substances within are evenly distributed throughout the mixture. This is easy to remember because homo means the same which I have no doubt you can remember
What are some examples of a homogenous mixture?
Saltwater is a homogenous mixture. It is a mixture because it is made up of salt and water (suprisingly), but they are not chemically combined, and its easy to seperate them if you just evaporate the water. It is a homogenous mixture because the salt is distributed evenly throughout the water
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
A heterogenerous mixture is a mixture where the substances are not evenly distributed. You can remember this because hetero means different
What is an example of heterogeneous mixture?
As mentioned before, Pizza is an example, because the substances are not distributed perfectly evenly.
