Grade 10 - Acids and Bases (MYP EAssessment)

Question 1

What are the characteristics of Acids?

Answer 1

• Any compound that dissolves in water, and has a pH below 7
• Tastes sour (sour skittles are amazing)
• Acids turn Litmus Paper Red

Question 2

Examples of Acids

Answer 2

Weak Acids
* Lemon (Citric Acid)
* Vinegar (Acetic Acid)
* Coke (Phosphoric Acid)
* Aspirin (Acetyl Saliciylic Acid)

Strong Acids
* Hydrochloric Acid - HCl
* Nitric Acid - HNO3
* Sulfuric Acid - H2SO4

btw the other coke is a weak base dont ask why I know that

Question 3

What is Litmus Paper?

Answer 3

There is Red Litmus Paper and Blue Litmus Paper.
* Blue Litmus Paper turns Red when reacted with Acids
* Red Litmus Paper turns Blue when reacted with Bases

Theres also Universal pH Paper, which doesn’t split into red or blue, and will turn both Red or Blue depending on if you put it into a Base or Acid

Question 4

What are the characteristics of Bases?

Answer 4

• A Compound that has a pH higher than 7
• Unlike Acids, not all dissolve in water, those that do are called Alkalines
• Bases turn Litmus Paper Blue
• Make good cleaning products, due to reacting with fat

Question 5

Examples of Bases

Answer 5

Weak Bases
* Hand Soap
* Cocaine
* Toothpaste
* Baking Soda
* Ammonia - NH3

Strong Bases
* Sodium Hydroxide - NaOH
* Potassium Hydroxide - KOH
* Calcium Hydroxide - Ca(OH)2

Question 6

Why do Bases and Acids react to make water?

Answer 6

All Acids have a positive Hydrogen ion, whereas all bases have a negative hydroxide ion, which combine to make a neutral water molecule

OH- + H+ = H2O

the formula thing looks a little wonky but its fine