GP paediatrics and out-patients Flashcards
prolonged jaundic is defined as what in term and preterm babies?
14 days for term
21 days for preterm
how long is the neonatal period?
up to 4 weeks
what are some common neonatal GP presentations?
jaundice
vomiting
failure to thrive
sepsis
what are some common respiratory problems in children?
bronchiolitis
croup
viral URTI
asthma
acute tonsilitis
what are some rare respiratory presentations in GP?
cystic fibrosis
acute epiglotitis
foreign body
pneumonia
how would you assess the respiraotry system?
cyanosis
tachypnoeic
nasal flaring
wheeze/stridor
pulse oximetry
ENT exam
what are the respiratory rates in infants?
<1 30-40
1-2 25-35
2-5 25-30
5-12 20-25
>12 15-20
what are common GI problems in <1yr olds?
gastroenteritis, UTI, constipation
intuscception, volvulus incarcerated hernia
common Gi problems in 2-5yr olds?
gastroenteritis. UTI, constipation
ituscception, appendicitis
common GI problems in 6-11yr olds?
gastroenteritis, UTI, constipation
appendicitis, trauma, testicular torsion
common GI problems in 12-18yr olds
gastroenteritis, UTI, constipation
appendicitis, trauma, testicular/ovarian torsion
what is the causitve organism of scarlet fever?
streptococcus pyogens
or, group A beta haemolytic streptococci
what is the caustiive organism in foot and mouth disease?
coxsackie or enterovirus
what developmental screening tests are there?
red light reflex
hips (barlows/ortalanis)
genitalia
femoral pulses
when investigating aspiration of an object how many x-rays ened to be taken?
two images- anterior/posterior and lateral to confirm exact position of object
what should you be careful to consider in a child with short stature who is also overweight/obese?
endocrine cause
what are the top 10 reasons for referral to general paediatric out-patients clinics?
concern re growth
UTI
constipation
abdo pain
headaches
funny turns
heart murmur
allergy
minor abnormality e.g head shape
asthma?
which bacteria is most common cause of uncomplicated UTI’s in children?
E.Coli
define constipation
pain, delay or difficulty in passign stool
define soiling
escape of stool into underwear
define encopresis
passage of normal stool in abnormal places- can be result of contipation or emotional stress
what is the treatment for constipation?
laxatives
attention to food/drink
toileting behaviour advice
what are some underlying disease causes of constipation?
hirschsprungs metabolic
coeliac
neuromuscular
when concerned with abdo pain what are diagnoses you shoul dbe careful not to miss?
coeliac disease
IBD
malrotation
intermittent volvulus
what are some concernign features associated with abdo pain?
wgt loss
vomiting esp if bile
fever
recurrent mouth ulcers
what proportion of children with FAP go on to develop anxiety as an adult?
30%
what are the red flags for a child with headaches?
headache on wlking
worse on bending
assoc vomiting- esp in morning
visual distrubance
what is the median symtpom interval (onset to diagnosis) for paediatric brain tumours?
2.5- 3 months
what is the most common type of heart murmur in children?
innocent murmur
what are some minor abnormlaiites esp in infants?
head shape/size
skin lesions
feeding concerns
crying excessively
what percentage of GP consultations are pschologically related?
30%
