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Government Exam02 CH09 Flashcards

1
Q

House Member: Term, Age, Citizenship, Residency

A

Term: 2 Years
Age: 25 years by the time they take office
Citizenship: For at least 7 years. CAN be foreign born.
Residency: Must live in the STATE representated AT THE TIME OF THE ELECTION but doesn’t have to live in the DISTRICT represented.

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2
Q

Senate Member: Term, Age, Citizenship, Residency

A

Term: 6 Years
Age: 30 years old by the time they take office
Citizenship: For at least 9 years. CAN be foreign born.
Residency: Must live in the STATE they represent AT THE TIME OF THE ELECTION. They can move to D.C. and live in a mansion after relected.

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3
Q

What branch of government does Congress belong to?

A

Legislative

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4
Q

What does Congress do? (Primary job and oversight)

A

Primary job of the legislative branch is to pass legislation. AKA Passing Laws.

Congress oversees bureaucratic agencies in the EXECUTIVE BRANCH. Congress creates agencies with enabling legislation. Agencies are “Creatures of Congress”.

Example: Congress oversees CDC

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5
Q

How many members in Congress?

A

535
Congress: 2 x 50 states = 100. Equal.
House of Reps: 435 based on population. Fair.

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6
Q

Who does congress respond to?

A

The will of the voters. Not people, voters. It represents all people bu tonly responds to VOTERS.

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7
Q

What does Congress investigate?

A

Important issues. Article 1, Section 8.

Example: Steroid Use. Steroids cost money and is sold across state lines, so International Commerce Clause.

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7
Q

What does Congress investigate?

A

Important issues. Article 1, Section 8.

Example: Steroid Use. Steroids cost money and is sold across state lines, so International Commerce Clause.

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8
Q

Types of representation in the house and senate - Trustees:

A

Does what they think is best for constituents regardless of what they want.

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9
Q

Types of representation in the house and senate - Instructed-Delegates:

A

Does what the constituents want them to do.

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10
Q

Types of representation in the house and senate - Politicos:

A

A combination of Trustees and Instructed-Delegates.

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11
Q

Exam Question: If your Senator doesn’t take a personal stand on any issue and simply votes in the Senate the way you tell him to vote, what type of representation is he or she following?

A

Instructed-Delegates

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12
Q

Congress Definition: Logrolling

A

You scratch my back, I’ll scratch yours.

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13
Q

Congress Definition: Earmarks

A

This is what I’ll scratch you with. Vote for my bill and I’ll set aside some money for a new community center in your district. The project won’t be subject to cost-benefit analysis.

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14
Q

Congress Definition: Casework

A

Where is granny’s social security check?

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15
Q

Congress Definition: Oversight

A

Oversight of the bureaucracy. Congress doesn’t enact the laws it passes; that is the job of the executive branch (Bureaucracy)

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16
Q

Congress Definition: Agenda-Setting

A

Congress decides what policy questions will get the most attention.

Example: Opioid overdoses and deaths. Meth epidemic. Congress is supposed to care about these people.

Congress finally passed a federal law to control sudafed after states like Oklahoma, Texas and Kansas were forced to.

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17
Q

Congress Duty: Public Education

A

Hold hearings on important issues in order to educate or inform us.

18
Q

Congress Duty: Conflict Resolution

A

They pass laws to accommodate many competing points of view - that’s a founding principal.

Example: Affirmative Action laws to deal with structural racism in workplace and schools. Nothing to do with 14th ammendment (equal protection), all to do with Interstate Commerce Clause.

19
Q

Congress: Article 1, Section 8 says what?

A

Enumerated Powers. These are specific things congress has the duty (power or authority) to do.

20
Q

Congress: Article 1, Section 9 says what?

A

Limitations on Congress.

21
Q

Special Functions of the Senate: LISTED IN CONSTITUTION

A

Advise and Consent to the ratification of treaties

Accept or Reject presidential nominations for ambassadors, supreme court justices and federal judges.

22
Q

Special Functions of the Senate: NOT LISTED IN CONSTITUTION

A

Filibuster (Senate Only) - Unlimited debate on a bill in order to block bills or nominations.

Cloture (Senate Only) - Debate is ended if 60 out of 100 senators invoke cloture.

23
Q

Who is the tie breaker when the chamber is split 50-50?

A

Vice President

24
Q

In 1913, the17th ammendent was added, says what?

A

Senators are elected by the people NOT state legislatures.

25
Q

Why do senators have long-term 6 year terms?

A

The framers wanted at least one body of government to have the long-term best interest of the country in mind as they governed. This allows them to make controversial decisions since their terms are longer than the 2 year House members.

26
Q

What type of government are we?

A

Democratic Republic.

27
Q

What are the 50 senators and 435 house members based on?

A

Senate is 2 per state = Equality
House is based on population = Fairness

28
Q

What is the purpose of the committee system in the House and Senate?

A

Efficiency. If all 435 members of the house had to work on a bill at the early stages nothing would get done.

Bills are sorted to specific committees to speed up the process.

29
Q

What is a standing committee?

A

Permanent committees. Important committees contain members of congress “MOC”.
Example: Energy, Commerce

30
Q

What is a Sub-committee?

A

Energy committee will be split up among fossil fuels, solar energy, wind energy, bio fuels, etc…

31
Q

What is a Select committee?

A

Temporary committee established for a special purpose, it lasts for a limited time.
Example: Drugs, COVID, HIV-AIDS, etc…

32
Q

What is a Joint committee?

A

Members of the House and Senate are included. The main purpose is to investigate an important issue and they normally DO NOT report out legislation.

33
Q

What is a conference committee?

A

Members of both the House and Senate come together to settle differences betweens versions of a bill. Both versions HAVE TO HAVE the EXACT same wording before legislation can be passed and sent to POTUS for a signature.

34
Q

Leadership of the House of Reps. Who is it?

A

The Speaker of The House. On paper (the Constitution), they are the most powerful person in federal government.

35
Q

What does the speaker of the house do? Hint: PASDR

A

Presides over meetings of the House
Appoints members of joint and conference committees.
Schedules Legistlation.
Decides points of order.
Refers Bills/Resolutions to appropriate standing committees.

36
Q

How can you remove a Representative from office?

A

The speaker can not do it. There must be a two-thirds vote of the chamber due to POPULAR SOVEREIGNTY.

37
Q

What is the President Pro Tempore?

A

The Vice President is the CEREMONIAL presiding officer of the Senate. They’re usually not their though.
A senator will sit in their place when the VP is not there. Most often the senior member of the majority party.

38
Q

What his the purpose of a census?

A

To decide how many members a state will have in the House of Representatives.

39
Q

What is Reapportionment?

A

If the population of a state grows or decreases, the number of it’s House members has to change.

40
Q

What is Redistricting?

A

Redrawing the lines around the populations in the state. This can occur after the census.

Redistricting can happen without Reapportionment, but not vice versa.

41
Q

What CAN’T Redistricting be based on?

A

Race.

42
Q

What CAN Redistricting be based on?

A

Party Identification. Repulican/Democrat.

43
Q

Who controls Redistricting?

A

Whichever party controls the state legistlature. This is where Cracking and Packing takes place.

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