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Social Studies > Goverments bby > Flashcards

Goverments bby Flashcards

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1
Q

AMENDMENT I

A

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.

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2
Q

AMENDMENT 2

A

A well regulated Militia, being necessary to the security of a free State, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed.

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3
Q

AMENDMENT 3

A

No Soldier shall, in time of peace be quartered in any house, without the consent of the Owner, nor in time of war, but in a manner to be prescribed by law.

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4
Q

AMENDMENT 4

A

The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized.

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5
Q

AMENDMENT 5

A

No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation.

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6
Q

AMENDMENT 6

A

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the State and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the Assistance of Counsel for his defence.

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7
Q

AMENDMENT 7

A

In Suits at common law, where the value in controversy shall exceed twenty dollars, the right of trial by jury shall be preserved, and no fact tried by a jury, shall be otherwise re-examined in any Court of the United States, than according to the rules of the common law.

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8
Q

AMENDMENT 8

A

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted.

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9
Q

AMENDMENT 9

A

The enumeration in the Constitution, of certain rights, shall not be construed to deny or disparage others retained by the people.

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10
Q

AMENDMENT I0

A

The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people.

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11
Q

What does the legislative branch/ congress do?

A

Make laws.

Declare war.

Raise and provide public money and oversee its proper expenditure.

Impeach and try federal officers.

Approve presidential appointments.

Approve treaties negotiated by the executive branch.
Oversight and investigations.

regulates interstate and foreign commerce and controls taxing and spending policies.

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12
Q

What is congress split into?

A

The house of representatives and the senate

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13
Q

what is the house of reps based on? what about congress?

A

The house of reps is based on the population of the state and congress members are voted for.

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14
Q

Time for each branch (Senator, rep, pres)

A

Senate- 6 years
Rep- 2 years
pres- 4 years

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15
Q

Which article created each branch?

A

Article 1- Legislative
Article 2- Executive
Article 3- Judicial

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16
Q

What are the articles of confederation?

A

The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was the first written constitution of the United States. It was created to be weak so corruption could be avoided and was made swiftly as the Americans just defeated Great Britain.

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17
Q

What was the problem with the articles?

A

They were too weak, and states had a lot of power, and they were not funded as the states wanted power but because of fear, they did not want taxes so it doesn’t happen like last time.

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18
Q

The Constitutional Convention is…

A

The Constitutional Convention took place from May 14 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The point of the event was decide how America was going to be governed. Although the Convention had been officially called to revise the existing Articles of Confederation, many delegates had much bigger plans.

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19
Q

What is popular sovereignty?

A

Popular sovereignty is the idea that the power of a state and its government are created and sustained by the permission of its people. They give their permission through their elected representatives (Rule by the People), who is the source of all political power

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20
Q

what is republicanism?

A

Republicanism is a political ideology centered on citizenship in a state organized as a republic. Historically, it ranges from the rule of a representative minority or oligarchy to popular sovereignty.

(a republic is a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.)

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21
Q

Federalism is..

A

Federalism is a mixed or compound mode of government that combines a general government with regional governments in a single political system, dividing the powers between the two.

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22
Q

A federalist is..

A

a person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority.

a member or supporter of the Federalist Party.

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23
Q

A antifederalist is…

A

Anti-Federalists preferred a weak central government because they equated a strong government with British tyranny. Others wanted to encourage democracy and feared a strong government that would be dominated by the wealthy. They felt that the states were giving up too much power to the new federal government.

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24
Q

7 principles of the constitution?

A

popular sovereignty, limited government, separation of powers, federalism, checks and balances, republicanism, and individual rights.

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25
Q

What are checks and balances?

A

principle of government under which separate branches are empowered to prevent actions by other branches and are induced to share power.

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26
Q

what is separation of powers?

A

the division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another

27
Q

What are individual rights?

A

the rights needed by each individual to pursue their lives and goals without interference from other individuals or the government (ex: life, liberty, and property)

28
Q

What residency laws are in place for the president?

A

Must be a natural born citizen

29
Q

What residency laws are in place for representatives?

A

Must be citizen for 7 years

30
Q

What residency laws are in place for the senator?

A

Must be resident of state in which elected

31
Q

Terms for pres?

A

Two terms max

32
Q

Term for Reps?

A

Can be reelected every even year

33
Q

Term for senate?

A

1/3 of of total membership of the senate is elected (or reelected) every two years

34
Q

What can the executive branch do?

A

The executive branch carries out and enforces laws. It includes the president, vice president, the Cabinet, executive departments, independent agencies, and other boards, commissions, and committees.

the pres can Grant Reprieves and Pardons,Make Treaties, Appoint Ambassadors and Officers, Grant Commissions and Call Special Sessions of Congress, Approve or Veto Bills

35
Q

what can the judicial branch do?

A

The judicial branch is in charge of deciding the meaning of laws, how to apply them to real situations, and whether a law breaks the rules of the Constitution. The Constitution is the highest law of our Nation. The U.S. Supreme Court, the highest court in the United States, is part of the judicial branch.

36
Q

What does article 4 do?

A

The states

This article defines the relationship between the states and the federal government. The federal government guarantees a republican form of government in each state, protects the nation and the people from foreign or domestic violence, and determines how new states can join the Union. It also suggests that all the states are equal to each other and should respect each other’s laws and the judicial decisions made by other state court systems.
(explains that States must honor one another’s laws, records, and court rulings )

37
Q

What does article 5 do?

A

Amendment

Future generations can amend the Constitution if the society so requires it. Both the states and Congress have the power to initiate the amendment process.

(explains how the Constitution can be amended or changed)
(2/3 vote in both houses of congress and 3/4 of State legislatures must vote to approve)

38
Q

What does article 6 do?

A

Debts, Supremacy, Oaths.

Article VI determines that the U.S. Constitution, and all laws made from it, are the “supreme Law of the Land,” and all officials, whether members of the state legislatures, Congress, judiciary, or the executive branch, have to swear an oath to the Constitution.
(explains that National laws are supreme, or the highest, law of the land)

39
Q

What does article 7 do?

A

Article VII – Ratification.

This article details all those people who signed the Constitution, representing the original 13 states.
( explains the conditions for how to ratify or approve the Constitution)

40
Q

Impeachment-

A

Accuse a public official of wrongdoing

41
Q

Right to vote

A

Suffrage

42
Q

law that would make an act a criminal offense after it was committed

A

Ex post facto law

43
Q

a way to give full citizenship to a person of foreign birth

A

Naturalization

44
Q

law that condemns a person without trial in court

A

Bill of Attainder

45
Q

provided women with the right to vote

A

19th Amendment

46
Q

banned the manufacture and sale of alcohol in the U.S

A

18th amendment (21st amendment made it legal again)

47
Q

put a two-term limit on the office of the President

A

22nd amendment

48
Q

set the age to vote in the U.S. to 18 years old

A

26th amendment

49
Q

3th, 14th, and 15th amendments are known as these

A 
reconstruction amendments
(extended civil and legal protections to former enslaved people.)
50
Q

Upper house of congress

A

senate

51
Q

total number of votes needed in the electoral college to win the Presidency.

A

270 electoral votes

52
Q

minimum number of members that must be present in order for official business to take place

A

A quorum

53
Q

Judicial Review allows the Supreme Court a role in the law making process by allowing them to examine laws and declare them this.

A

unconstitutional

54
Q

Delegated powers are powers given to the federal government, reserved powers are powers given to state governments, and these are the powers shared between both levels of government.

A

Concurrent Powers

55
Q

Bicameral

A

Having two branches (legislative and house of reps and congress)

56
Q

Supreme Court Justices MUST

A

Those that hold this office have no age, residency, or citizenship requirements and their term length is unlimited

57
Q

Articles of confederation were

A

The first plans of government in the united states

58
Q

group of representatives met in Philadelphia, PA during the American Revolution and talked about a plan to set up a national government

A

Second Continental Congress

59
Q

government order set up a plan for adding new states in territory west of the Appalachian Mountains in 1787

A

The Northwest Ordinance

60
Q

main purpose for why the 13 former British colonies unified under a central American government created by the Articles of Confederation

A

Common defense

61
Q

A loose union of states with equal powers is known as this

A

a Confederation

62
Q

Amount of reps

A

435

63
Q

amount of senators

A

100

Social Studies (5 decks)

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