Gov 11/27

Question 1

the real or hypothetical condition of human beings before or without political association.

Answer 1

State of Nature

Question 2

that the authority of a state and its government are created and sustained by the consent of its people, who are the source of all political power.

Answer 2

Popular sovereignty

Question 3

Members of a society have to cooperate to get social benefits

Answer 3

social contract

Question 4

Gov’t separated into Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches

Answer 4

separation of powers

Question 5

Each part of government has certain powers over other parts of the gov’t and keeps each part in check

Answer 5

checks and balances

Question 6

A gov’t structure with multiple levels - each has sovereignty over different areas (national, state, and local gov’ts)

Answer 6

Federalism

Question 7

Non gov’t groups influence policy making process

Answer 7

Pluralist

Question 8

People are involved in policy making

Answer 8

Participatory

Question 9

People w/ resources and influence dominate policy making process

Answer 9

Elite Democracy

Question 10

Violent attacks on gov’t in response to dept crisis, taxes, etc.

Answer 10

Shays rebellion

Question 11

States have more power over central government

Answer 11

confederate

Question 12

A single unit that has complete authority.

Answer 12

Unitary

Question 13

Used if a federal official commits a crime or acts improperly and can be charged and removed from office.

Answer 13

Impeachment

Question 14

Could propose and add amendments if 2/3 of both the House and Senate deem necessary or if 2/3 of states do.

Answer 14

Article V

Question 15

Signing or giving formal consent to a treaty, contract, or agreement

Answer 15

Ratification

Question 16

Establishes Supreme Court and state courts/ other inferior courts.

Answer 16

Article III

Question 17

Establishes the Executive Branch and the Presidency.

Answer 17

Article II

Question 18

Creates House and Senate (supremacy of people through their elected representatives).

Answer 18

Article I

Question 19

requires Congress to guarantee every state in the country a republican form of government.

Answer 19

Article IV

Question 20

When state law is in conflict with federal law, federal law must prevail.

Answer 20

Article VI

Question 21

The Ratification of the Conventions of nine States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of this Constitution.

Answer 21

Article VII

Question 22

constitutional amendment takes place with the introduction of written changes into the text of the constitution itself vs. constitutional amendment is also a deliberate change, not to the written text, but to the interpretation or application of the written constitution in practice.

Answer 22

Formal v. Informal

Question 23

provided a dual system of congressional representation. Each state would get 2 senators and a number of representatives based on the # of seats in proportion to population.

Answer 23

Great (Connecticut Compromise)

Question 24

How the president is elected

Answer 24

Electoral College

Question 25

3 out of every 5 slaves would be represented in the population

Answer 25

Three-Fifths Compromise

Question 26

newly enslaved people from Africa could not be imported into the United States after 1808.

Answer 26

Slave Trade Compromise

Question 27

designed to protect the security and power of the small states by limiting each state to one vote in Congress

Answer 27

New Jersey Plan

Question 28

proposal to the United States Constitutional Convention for the creation of a supreme national government with three branches and a bicameral legislature.

Answer 28

Virginia Plan

Question 29

Citizens elect gov’t officials

Answer 29

Representative Gov’t

Question 30

a state in which supreme power is held by the people and their elected representatives, and which has an elected or nominated president rather than a monarch.

Answer 30

Republic

Question 31

a group of individuals that share a common political purpose but differs in some respect to the rest of the entity.

Answer 31

Factions

Question 32

a person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority.

Answer 32

Federalists

Question 33

opposed the creation of a stronger U.S. federal government and which later opposed the ratification of the 1787 Constitution.

Answer 33

Anti-Federalists

Question 34

the Federal Government only has those powers delegated in the Constitution.

Answer 34

10th Amendment

Question 35

a piece of the Constitution that gives Congress the authority to pass laws about things that aren’t necessarily listed in the Constitution.

Answer 35

Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause)

Question 36

Establishes that the federal constitution is above federal law, state law, state constitutions, and practically all policy within the nation.

Answer 36

Supremacy Clause

Question 37

power to coin money, to regulate commerce, to declare war, to raise and maintain armed forces, and to establish a Post Office.

Answer 37

Enumerated Powers

Question 38

powers that, although not directly stated in the Constitution, are implied to be available based on previously stated powers

Answer 38

Implied Powers

Question 39

power is divided between the federal and state governments in clearly defined terms

Answer 39

Dual Federalism

Question 40

flexible relationship between the federal and state governments in which both work together on a variety of issues and programs.

Answer 40

Cooperative Federalism

Question 41

how federal, state, and local governments share funding and administrative responsibilities within our federal system.

Answer 41

Fiscal Federalism

Question 42

Money given for a fairly broad purpose with few strings attached. vs. Money given for a specific purpose that comes with restrictions concerning how the money should be spent.

Answer 42

Categorical v. Block Grants

Question 43

the transfer or delegation of power to a lower level

Answer 43

Devolution

Question 44

any national regulation or court ruling that is imposed on state and local governments and is enforceable by law.

Answer 44

Mandate (Funded and Unfunded)

Question 45

the founding document of the United States

Answer 45

Declaration of Independence

Question 46

among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first frame of government.

Answer 46

Articles of Confederation

Question 47

the supreme law of the United States of America.

Answer 47

US Constitution

Question 48

Factions are the biggest threat facing the republic

Answer 48

Federalist 10

Question 49

Advocates for a small republic, belives Constitution gives too much power to central gov’t

Answer 49

Brutus 1

Question 50

addresses means by which appropriate checks and balances can be created in government and also advocates a separation of powers within the national government.

Answer 50

Federalist 51

Question 51

established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes that they find to violate the Constitution of the United States.

Answer 51

Marbury v. Madison

Question 52

defined the scope of the U.S. Congress’s legislative power and how it relates to the powers of American state legislatures.

Answer 52

McCulloch v. Maryland

Question 53

Gun possession is not an economic activity that has any impact on interstate commerce, whether direct or indirect, so the federal government cannot base a law prohibiting gun possession near schools on the Commerce Clause.

Answer 53

US v. Lopez

Question 54

Theory of gov’t that proposes participation of citizens

Answer 54

Republicanism