GOUT & OSTEOARTHRITIS Flashcards
what are the symptoms of joint disease?
- pain
- immobility stiffness
- loss of function
what are some signs of joint disease?
- swelling
- deformity
- redness
- crepitus
- loss of function
what is crepitus?
noise when joints move due to lack of cartilage
what investigations are commonly used in joint disease patients?
- radiographs
- blood tests
- arthroscopy & biopsy
what radiograph techniques may be used in joint disease patients?
- plain
- MRI
- arthrography (dye injected)
what blood tests may be taken when investigating joint disease?
- C-reactive protein (CRP)
- Rheumatoid factors (RF)
- Extractable nuclear antigens (ENAs)
- Anti DS-DNA, Anti-nuclear Antibody
what are acute monoarthropathies?
acute arthritis of a single joint
what are common causes of acute monoarthropathies?
- infection —> septic arthritis
- crystal arthropathy —> GOUT
what is gout?
uric acid crystal deposition in joints that causes significant pain from reactive inflammation
what are some risk factors of gout?
- drug induced
- genetic predisposition
- nucleic acid breakdown
- tumour related
- obesity & alcohol enhanced
what drugs may contribute to gout?
thiazide diuretics
what are the symptoms of gout?
- acute inflammation of single joint
- rapid onset (hours)
- usually great toe
what are the dental aspects of gout?
- avoid prescribing aspirin as it interferes with uric acid removal
- drug treatments can cause oral ulceration
what is an oral side effect of the gout medication allopurinol?
oral ulceration
what is osteoarthritis?
degenerative joint disease
- cartilage repair dysfunction
