Good and Evil Flashcards
what does utilitarianism mean
the belief that a good act is one that brings the greatest good for the greatest number
what did Volitaire state
“it is better to risk saving a guilty person than condemn an innocent one”
what was volitaire
a Deist
what is restorative justice
justice that enables the criminals to make amends for their behaviour by meeting the victim and apologising
what is justice
fairness ; where everyone has equal provisions and opportunity
what do christians believe about JUSTICE
-they’re a religion of forgiveness
-don’t support the ideas of retribution as a punishment
- believe in restorative justice
- should follow Jesus who forgave those who betrayed him
what do Muslims believe about JUSTICE
- punishment is seen as central to justice and keeps people from straying from what is Just
- believe in the shari’ah law which means ‘straight path’
- shari’ah is used to deter and protect
- they hope offenders will repent, reform and seek forgiveness
- believe in forgiveness but it is more important to protect society
what is a prison chaplain
a person whose role it is to meet the religious needs of a prisoner
what is a parole officer
helps prisoners on their release and their return to society
what is a prison chaplains job
- introduce themselves to new prisoners - induction programme
- deal with major events in the prisoners life
- make sure they’re available at lunch times so prisoners can go to them if needed
what are some arguments FOR the death penalty
- life terms are expensive (£40,000 a year)
- only way to protect society
- life sentences only amount to 15 years in Britain
- only way victims can get closure
what are some arguments AGAINST the death penalty
- innocent people being executed
- only God has the right to end a life
- doesn’t deter murders
- 2 wrongs don’t make a right
- forgiveness is important
- death penalty is just a state sanctioned murder
what do liberal christians believe about the death penalty
- only God has the right to take a life
- ‘thou shall not kill’
follow the teachings of Jesus to be compassionate and forgiving - ‘turn the other cheek’
what do conservative christians believe about the death penalty
- advocate it because of the teaching ‘an eye for an eye’
- believe ‘thou shall not kill’ shows murder is wrong and so, the death penalty should be carried out
what do Muslims believe about the death penalty
-you can forgive someone
- ‘an eye for an eye’
- you can get ‘blood money’ which repents for what the criminal did - worth half a million pounds or 100 camels
what is forgiveness
the act of pardoning a wrongdoing
what 2 kinds of forgiveness do muslims believe in
gods forgiveness
humans forgiveness
what do Christians believe about forgiveness
- catholics God forgives their sins if they confess them and acts of atonement
- Jesus told his disciples that they should forgive people ‘not 7 times but 70 times 7’
- Jesus said (cruxifiction) ‘father forgive them for they know not what they do’
- evangelical - comes through faith Christ and his Atonement on the cross
what do Muslims believe about forgiveness
- humans need both God’s forgiveness and other humans forgiveness
- according to the Qur’an, there is no limit to God’s forgiveness
- ’ He pardons much’
- Muhammad helped a woman who had fallen sick even though she had repeatedly pushed dust in his direction
what is good
considered morally right, beneficial and to our advantage
what is evil
something that is considered extremely immoral, wicked and wrong
what is suffering
pain or distress, caused by injury, illness or loss
what do Christians believe about good
- God made the earth and ‘it was good’
-people were given the choice to do good and bad - God has shown people how they should live a good life through behaviour followed in the bible
what do Muslims believe about good
- everyone is born with a natural instinct to be able to choose between good and evil (fitrah)
- all humans have free will
- God will judge each person individually
- the Qur’an and Muhammad outlined the qualities required for good
