Goldman Applantation Tonometer Flashcards
what is the normal IOP
10-22mmHg
what does hypotony mean
IOP drops below normal
signs of ocular hypertension
higher than 22mmHg and additional testing reveals no presence of glaucoma
what is ocular profusion pressure
relationship between IOP and systematic blood pressure
what is the average corneal thickness
0.55mm
what is applantation =
measures the force required to flatten the standard area of cornea
what is the contact GAT tip measurement
6mm diameter
contact GAT diameter of flattened area (with correct amount of pressure is)
3.06mm
what is perkins
is a contact hand-held applantation tonometer
-readings are within 1mmHg difference compared to GAT
what is the non-contact applantation tonometry (air puff test) accuracy
- 7mmHg
- which is 3mmHg higher compared to GAT
- multiple tests can be preformed to get an average (won’t drop the IOP)
- the lowest number is used
explain the non-contact tonometry - Diation
hand-held, pen-like device, measures through the eye lid (calibrated daily)
what is pachymetry
measures the thickness of the cornea
what is the Schirmes tear test for
establishes if there is adequate QUANTITY of tears
what does the BUT (tear break-up time) used for
establishes if there is sufficient coverage of the tears, and will identify the QUALITY of the tears
- topical anesthetic used with fluorescein
- slit lamp with blue filter
- normal = 15 seconds
what is the Tear Lab
measures osmolarity (salt content)
what are 3 types of DEFICIENT photoreceptors
red cones = protanomaly
green cones = deuteranomaly
blue cones = tritanomaly
if all 3 photorecptors are present, but 1 is deficent =
anomalous trichromal
what are 3 types of ABSENT photoreceptors
red cones = protanopia
green cones = deuteranopia
blue cones = tritanopia
microbial control - sanitization =
removal of pathogens from objects to meet public health standards
what is microbial control for antisepsis =
reduction of microorganisms and virus on living tissue
what is microbial control for disinfection =
destruction of microorganisms on non-living tissue
what is microbial control for sterilization =
destruction of microorganisms and virus in or on an object
what is microbial control for aseptic =
a procedure of environment free of pathogenic contaminants
ocular infectious agent bacteria are
prokaryotic cells
ocular infectious agent fungi are
eukaryotic cells
ocular infectious agent protozoa are
eukaryotic cells
ocular infectious agent helminths are
eukaryotic cells
ocular infectious agent viruses are
microbes
ocular infectious agent prions are
pathogens
how to disinfect an insturment, and what do you use?
Bleach 1:10 ratio, soak for 5 min
Alcohol, wipe for 5 seconds (70% effective)
remove disinfectant residue with distilled water
