Going beyond international agreements

Question 1

Sweden and Kyoto

Answer 1

Kyoto said Sweden could increase emissions by 4% but they chose to decrease it by over 4%

Question 2

Sweden reduction in emissions 1990-2006

Answer 2

9% - whilst 44% econ growth in fixed prices

Question 3

Sweden strategies
carbon tax

Answer 3

20p per litre carbon tax - increasing 3%
cover half of emissions but no impact on GDP

Question 4

Sweden strategies
subsidies and rebates

Answer 4

subsidies for ground source heat pumps that use 2/3 less electricity
rebate on electric/bio cars - over £800 back

Question 5

Sweden strategies
renewable energy

Answer 5

aim for 100% renewable by 2040
well on target for this - over 60% from renewables

Question 6

Sweden strategies
economic growth

Answer 6

Sweden target economic growth in non-energy sensitive industries - service - only ACs can do this

Question 7

Sweden success of strategies

Answer 7

lowest emissions per capita in the EU - 5 tons
emissions have reduced over 20% since 2005

Question 8

California why so much action

Answer 8

Huge threat from lack of water from snow packs - provide 1/3 of Cali’s water
4 years of drought from 2015

Question 9

California acts/directives/policies

Answer 9

Global Warming Solutions Act 2006 - sought to decrease Cali’s emissions by 30% before 2020
SB350/Clean energy act 2015 - 50% renewable by 2030 and 80% reduction in GHG by 2050

Question 10

California strategies
renewables

Answer 10

Solar energy - huge push for solar energy industry in California - now employs 350,000 people
PG + E - solar company has 250,000 solar customers already

Question 11

California strategies
Cap and trade

Answer 11

California’s cap and trade system covers 80% of its GHG emissions
Cap reduces every year
Permits can be purchased off state or corporations
Profits re-invested in environmental efforts

Question 12

Why can California be successful

Answer 12

Economic - have 4th largest global economy if it was a nation, largest sub-national economy ($3.5 trillion GDP)
Political - forward thinking, left-wing dominated state so able to pass progressive laws

Question 13

What is London doing to go further

Answer 13

ULEZ and LEZ - reducing car emissions within London - helps air quality
Adaption for temperature reduction key - green roofs - 700 in central London
Green Homes programme - subsidised or free insulation

Question 14

How far is the UK meeting its targets

Answer 14

Some progress on CO2 - around a 40% reduction since 1990 - But not on track for 2050 targets
electric cars - increased by nearly 15% since 2018
insulation - current scheme will take 200 years to implement
success with coal - reduced from 40% in 2012 to 2%