5 Basic Diseases - Malaria, HIV, TB, Diabetes, CVD

Question 1

Malaria distribution

Answer 1

Mostly in Sub-Saharan Africa, some in Asia and Central/South America - None/very little in Europe

Question 2

Explain Malaria distribution

Answer 2

Needs tropical/sub-tropical climate for mosquitos to breed, healthcare and prevention access changes rates - access to nets, pesticides, vaccines, drugs

Question 3

HIV distribution

Answer 3

Some found all over the world. Highest in SE Africa - South Africa, Eswatini, Mozambique, Botswana. Higher rates in Caribbean and Asia

Question 4

Explain HIV distribution

Answer 4

Due to levels of development - access and education on contraception and HIV transmission, affected by cultural practices and access to healthcare. In ACs cases are fewer but stable as HIV patients kept alive but don’t transmit, LIDCs cases spread and patients die

Question 5

TB distribution

Answer 5

Highest in Sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Africa, SE and South Asia also high

Question 6

Explain TB distribtuion

Answer 6

Access to and quality of healthcare - vaccine - TB is curable and preventable. Cases occur everywhere but few deaths in developed countries. TB is 16 times more likely in HIV positive patients

Question 7

Diabetes Distribution

Answer 7

Type 1 - equal if not more in developed as more cases diagnosed - many more deaths in developing world. Type 2 - more cases in ACs or EDCs - USA, Mexico, China, India - due to obesity rates

Question 8

CVD distribution

Answer 8

Greater disease burden in developed world as people live longer so more CVD. More Deaths in developing countries - 75% of deaths in low and middle income countries

Question 9

Explain CVD

Answer 9

More Deaths in developing countries as worse healthcare but people living long enough to get CVDs. Greater disease burden but less deaths in ACs and deaths prevented but aging populations