Gognitive Explanations Of Depression

Question 1

Negative triad AO1

Answer 1

• founded by BECK (1967)
• negative schema is negative thinking and activates When people come into situations that resembles the original conditions where the schema was learnt
• cognitive bias is also thought of which are errors in thinking and an example is overgeneralisations
• beliefs system includes self, world, future

Question 2

Negative triad evaluation

Answer 2

+ there is a great deal of evidence to suggest that negative thinking causes depression. Terry(2000) assessed 65 pregnant women for cognitive vulnerability before and after they gave birth. It was seen that women who thought negatively were more likely to suffer from post-partum depression

_ cause and effect isn’t always clear, we don’t know which is developed bc of what. Is depression developed first and that leads to negative thoughts or do negative thoughts lead to depression

_ it does not explain how some symptoms of depression might develop. Some patients are very angry, but beck doesn’t talk abt that, his theory doesn’t explain manic phases felt by patients bipolar

Question 3

ABC model AO1

Answer 3

• made by Ellis (1962)
• Explains how negative beliefs are formed
  a - activating event (incident that happens)
  B - beliefs (thoughts that come after activating event, these could be rational or irrational)
  C - consequences (emotions caused bc of the beliefs, rational beliefs have healthy emotions, irrational beliefs have unhealthy emotions)

Question 4

ABC model Evaluation

Answer 4

+ there is research to support the ABC model as a cause of depression. Bates (1999) found that depressed patients who were given even more negative thoughts became more depressed, supporting more negative thoughts helps cause depression

_ although it gives the client some power to change and improve, it blames the Client for creating the depression and causing it themselves