Godfrey-smith module 2 paper

Question 1

What is a paradigm globally according to kuhn?

Answer 1

A whole way of doing science in some field.

A way of seeing and interacting with the world

Question 2

What does Kuhn say is needed for a revolutions to occur?

Answer 2

Crisis AND appearance of candidate paradigm

A crisis is a period for a paradigm where scientists are not inspired or guided by it. Critical mass of anomalies trigger crisis.

Question 3

What are the two aspects of incommensurability according to kuhn?

Answer 3

1. People in dif paradigms cannot fully communicate with eachother
2. People in dif paradigms use different standards of evidence and argumentation

Question 4

What is a main aspect needed for progress in science according to Lakatos?

Answer 4

Competitions between research programmes

Question 5

What is the main view of Kuhn on how the scientific world functions?

Answer 5

Trust in shared standard in paradigms and chaotic recovery after crisis

Question 6

What is the main view of Lakatos on how the scientific world functions?

Answer 6

Whole enterprise guided by methodlogical rules