Goal A: Photosynthesis

Question 1

How does photosynthesis relate to the carbon cycle?

Answer 1

Plants

1. Take CO2 from the atmosphere
2. Preform CR and release CO2
3. Decompose into fossil fuels
4. Provide Carbon to consumers

Question 2

Where do plants gain most of their mass from?

Answer 2

95% of plant mass is from CO2

Question 3

What is the Law of Conservation of Matter? How does it apply to PS?

Answer 3

LCM: Matter cannot be created nor destroyed; it can only change form

Applied to PS: Plants get mass from CO2. Number of atoms stays.

Question 4

What is the Law of Conservation of Energy? How does it apply to PS?

Answer 4

LCE: Energy cannot be created nor destroyed; it can only change form

Applied to PS: Light energy –> chemical energy (glucose), no energy is lost

Question 5

Photosynthesis chemical equation

Answer 5

6CO2 + 6H20
(carbon dioxide + water)

– light –>

C6H12O6 + 6O2
(glucose + oxygen)

Question 6

Chloroplast

Answer 6

Organelle where PS occurs.

Contains pigments, the main one being chlorophyll

Question 7

Chlorophyll

Answer 7

The main pigment in the chloroplast where light energy is absorbed and turned into chemical energy (ATP)

Absorbs mostly violet/red light

Reflects green light, so most plants look green.

Question 8

Phase 1 of Photosynthesis

Answer 8

Light-dependent reactions

1) Light + water enter chloroplast
2) Oxygen is released as a byproduct
3) ATP is made

Question 9

Phase 2 of Photosynthesis

Answer 9

Calvin Cycle

1) ATP from phase 1 powers phase 2
2) CO2 enters chloroplast
3) Glucose is produced

Question 10

Inputs/outputs of Light-dependent reaction

Answer 10

Light + H2O —> O2 + ATP

Question 11

Inputs/outputs of Calvin Cycle/Light independent reaction

Answer 11

ATP + CO2 —> Glucose

(ATP is from Phase 1)

Question 12

What cycles between the Phases of Photosynthesis?

Answer 12

NADPH + ATP from phase1 -> phase2
(charged batteries)

NADP+ and ADP+P phase 2 -> phase1
(used batteries)

Question 13

How does ATP create energy?

Answer 13

High-energy phosphate bonds brake –> energy released

Question 14

3 main ways glucose is used

Answer 14

1) Energy (ATP)
2) Builds biomolecules
3) Extra storage

Question 15

How is extra glucose stored?

Answer 15

In plants: starch

In animals: glycogen

Question 16

What are the 4 main biomolecules?

Answer 16

1. Carbohydrates
2. Lipids (fats)
3. Protien
4. Nucleic Acid

Question 17

Carbohydrates

What is the monomer, elements, and use

Answer 17

1) Monomer = monosaccharides
2) Elements = C.H.O
(Carbon/Hydrogen/Oxygen)
3) Used for fast energy

Eg: food from plants (corn, flour)

Question 18

Lipids (Fats)

What is the monomer, elements, and use

Answer 18

1) Monomer = Glycerol, fatty acids
2) Elements = C.H.O
(Carbon/Hydrogen/Oxygen)
3) Used for = insulation, long-term energy, cell membranes, hormones

Eg: butter, oil

Question 19

Protein

What is the monomer, elements, and use

Answer 19

1) Monomer = Amino Acids
2) Elements = C.H.O.N
(Carbon/Hydrogen/Oxygen/Nitrogen)
3) Used for = immune system, enzymes, cell communications

Eg: Meats, Eggs

Question 20

Nucleic Acid

What is the monomer, elements, and use

Answer 20

1) Monomer = nucleotide
2) Elements = C.H.O.N.P
(Carbon/Hydrogen/Oxygen/Nitrogen/
Phosphourus)
3) Used for = transmit/store genetic info

Eg: DNA / RNA

Question 21

Products of Photosynthesis

Answer 21

Oxygen and glucose

Question 22

3 things needed for photosynthesis

Answer 22

CO2, H2O, Light

Question 23

Where does PS occur?

Answer 23

In the chloroplast of the cell

Question 24

What are the 3 main ways glucose is used by living organisms?

Answer 24

1) Extra storage
2) Energy (ATP)
3) Builds biomolecules