GNED4 Flashcards
1
Q
he is a Portuguese explorer working under the employ of the Spanish crown
A
Ferdinand Magellan
2
Q
saan nagttrabaho si magellan?
A
spanish crown
3
Q
book ni antonio pigafetta
A
the first voyage around the world
4
Q
sino naging bagong commander ng expedition noong namatay si magellan?
A
juan sebastian el cano
5
Q
when do Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the Philippines on an epic voyage of discovery and exploration?
A
March 16, 1521
6
Q
they started to explore the Philippines in the early 16th century
A
spaniards
7
Q
Ferdinand Magellan led a Spanish expedition to ?
A
the spice island
8
Q
saan nakarating sina magellan?
A
sugbu (cebu)
9
Q
who is the local chieftain of Cebu
A
rajah humabon
10
Q
sino asawa ni rajah humabon
A
hara amihan
11
Q
baptized name ni rajah humabon
A
carlos
12
Q
baptized name ni hara amihan?
A
juana
13
Q
he was an explorer commissioned by Spain to search for a new route to the fabled Spice Islands that would not trespass Portuguese territory
A
ferdinand magellan
14
Q
Therefore, we can conclude that there was yet no Philippines, or Filipinos, way back ?
A
1521
15
Q
Magellan named the islands what?
A
the Archipelago of St. Lazarus
16
Q
lapu-lapu is a not a “filipino” before, but a
A
“Lazarean” or “Lazareano”
17
Q
it was first imposed on the islands of Samar-Leyte in 1544 by the Villalobos expedition
A
“felipe-nas”
18
Q
“Felipe-nas” was first imposed on the islands of ?
A
samar-leyte in 1544 by the Villalobos expedition
19
Q
Ferdinand Magellan claimed various lands for Spain and naming them
A
Islas de San Lazaro
20
Q
More than ____ locals, after Humabon converted to _____ and was baptized as _____
A
2,200
Catholicism
Carlos
21
Q
he is the chief of nearby Mactan Island
A
lapu-lapu
22
Q
it is a Christian cross planted by Portuguese, and Spanish explorers as ordered by Ferdinand Magellan upon arriving in Cebu in the Philippines on April 14, 1521
A
magellan’s cross
23
Q
Magellan’s Cross is a _____ planted by Portuguese, and Spanish explorers as ordered by Ferdinand Magellan upon arriving in Cebu in the Philippines
A
Christian cross
24
Q
Magellan’s Cross is a Christian cross planted by Portuguese, and Spanish explorers as ordered by Ferdinand Magellan upon arriving in Cebu in the Philippines on
A
April 14, 1521
25
it describes the original cross is encased inside the wooden cross that is found in the center of the chapel
sign below the cross
26
bakit nakatago yung original cross?
to protect the original cross from people who chipped away parts of the cross for souvenir purposes or in the belief that the cross possesses miraculous powers
27
he was a ruler of Mactan
lapu-lapu
28
he is known as the first native of the archipelago to have resisted the Spanish colonization
lapu-lapu
29
Datu Lapu-Lapu is also known under the names ?
Çilapulapu
Si LapuLapu
Salip Pulaka
Cali Pulaco
Lapulapu Dimantag.
30
About the middle of the month of _________, Lapu-Lapu was born to the couple Datu Manggal and Matang Matana
Daghangkahoy (February) 1481
31
who are the parents of lapu-lapu?
Datu Manggal and Matang Matana
32
Lapu-Lapu was a grandson of ?
Sri Mohammed and his wife Malindang
33
he is the leader of the first settlers
Sri Mohammed
34
This name indicates that Sri Mohammed was a _______
Muslim
35
However, according to some local historians, the inhabitants of ______ were not _____ because they are already converted as ____
Sugbo
Muslims
Christians
36
According to the accounts of _____, the following is the life story of Lapu-Lapu
Atty. Vicente Gullas
37
A few years from _____, Sri Mohammed and his wife Malindang and son Datu Manggal, left their place which was at the ________
1457
south-east part of Malaysia
38
However, _____ said that a Moro (or Muslim) named, _______, trader met the flagship _______ and acted as ______. So, there were already ______ residents in _____
Antonio Pigafetta
Enrique de Malacca
Trinidad
interpreter
Moro
Cebu
39
He was the man who fought off and killed the troops of Magellan, a foreign invader trying to conquer the Philippines
Lapu-lapu
40
his accounts showed that Lapu-Lapu recognized the authority of the Spanish Crown through Magellan and even agreed to pay tribute to the colonizers
Antonio Pigafetta
41
But the relationship soured after Magellan demanded that Lapu-Lapu recognize his anointed supreme chieftain, Rajah Humabon, by ________, a European way of _________
kissing the latter’s hand
recognizing authority
42
When Lapu-Lapu refused, Magellan’s troops attacked the chieftain’s village ______, burning the houses.
twice
43
On the morning of _______, Lapu-Lapu led ______ warriors in a battle against Portuguese explorer and conquistador Ferdinand Magellan who led a force of ______ Spanish soldiers and ____ native warriors from Cebu
April 27, 1521
3,000
forty-nine
6000
44
Magellan was first immobilized by a _______ that hit his ___. The leader of the Spanish expedition was then killed with a _____ to the ____.
poisoned arrow
leg
bamboo lance/sibat
chest
45
__ members of the Spanish forces were able to return to Spain. __ survivors were given refuge by Humabon. With Magellan dead, Lapu-Lapu, the battle’s victor, demanded that Humabon kill the survivors. Humabon refused and sold the survivors as ____ to ______.
18
9
slaves
Chinese merchants
46
According to _____, Lapu-Lapu “was not a handsome, gym-fit warrior” when he defeated Magellan at the Battle of Mactan.
Ocampo
47
paano dinescribe ni ocampo si lapu-lapu?
hindi gwapo at hindi gym-fit warrior
48
Citing a chapter from _______’s book “Ferdinand Magellan: _____,” (2016) which is based on primary sources in Spain and Portugal, Ocampo said Lapu-Lapu was already __ years old at the time
Danilo Madrid Gerona
The Armada de Maluco and the European Discovery of the Philippines
70
49
Magellan was killed by a ______, _______, but the honor was given to Lapu-Lapu
Boholano
Sampong Baha
50
The most commonly used reference book for the so called “______” is the recorded stories of Antonio Pigafetta who was a participant of the Magellan expedition.
Battle of Mactan Island
51
kailan nakabalik ng espanya sina el cano?
september 6, 1522
52
Evolution of the name, “Philippines”
1. Ma-Yi o Ma-I (Land of Gold)
2. Las Islas de San Lazaro (Saint Lazarus’ Islands)
3. Las Islas Felipinas (Philippine Islands/Islands belonging to Philip)
4. Las Islas Filipinas, or simply “Filipinas”
53
_______ was named by ______, a Greek mapmaker, in his ancient map
Ma-Yi o Ma-I
Claudius Ptolemy
54
first coins ng ph
piloncito
55
money hanggang 16th century; mas malaki pa sa piloncito
barter rings
56
ano pa tawag sa barter rings?
gold ingots
57
status symbol ng mga tao
gold
58
____ was the Chinese local name of present-day _____. On the other hand, historians claimed that Ma-i was not an island, but all the ________ itself.
Ma-i
Mindoro
south of South Sea islands groups and Manila
59
_____ was the name given by the Chinese named ______ to the present-day island of ____. It originated from the Tagalog word ____, a wooden mortar that is used to pound rice.
Liusung
Murillo Velarde
Luzon
lusong
60
When the Spanish produced maps of the Philippines during the early 17th century, they called the island _____ which was later re-spelled as _____, then _____.
Luçonia
Luzonia
Luzon
61
______ was named by Fernando de Magallanes, when he reached the island of ___ in ____ (now ______) on the feast day of ____.
Las Islas de San Lazaro
Homonhon
Samar
Eastern Samar
Saint Lazarus of Bethany
62
The Magellan expedition, also known as the ______, resulted in the first recorded circumnavigation of the Earth in 1522. It is considered by many as one of the most important events in history for its scientific, socio-economic, political, philosophic and theological consequences
Magellan-Elcano expedition
63
The Philippines was named in honor of _______. Spanish explorer ______, during his expedition in ____, named the islands of Leyte and Samar _____ after the Prince of ______, then, Philip II of Spain
King Philip II of Spain
Ruy López de Villalobos
1542
Felipinas
Asturias
64
what are the early shelters?
caves
bahay kubo
tree house
65
Early Filipinos lived in ___ because it was safer
caves
66
people who live in caves sometimes moved to the _____ for farming and fishing
plains and coastal areas
67
Houses were made of light materials like wood, bamboo and nipa palm. A ladder was placed to prevent strangers from intruding when the owner was not around
bahay kubo o nipa hut
68
these were also made of light materials like wood, bamboo and nipa palm
tree house
69
who are the people?
callao man
tabon man
negritos (aeta)
malay people
70
they were known as "Ubag" or the cave people
callao man
71
callao man were known as?
"Ubag" or the cave people
72
a hominin who settled in Luzon Island with remains found in Callao cave
Homo Luzonensis
73
they arrived in small migrations from mainland southeast asia
negritos (aeta)
74
it is the oldest modern human specimen that has been discovered in the Philippines with certainty
tabon man
75
they brought a more advanced culture like iron melting, pottery techniques, and the system of sawah's (rice fields)
malay people
76
tabon man
palawan
homo sapiens
77
The only survivors of the original hunter gathers that inhabited Southeast Asia are ____ Negritos of peninsular Malaysia and the Negritos of the mountains of Luzon and some islands of the Philippines
Semang
78
they are very small people with a dark skin and curly brown hair
negritos (aeta)
79
The Aeta are thought to have arrived in the Philippines between 13,000 and 10,000 years ago from the Asian continent, most likely from what is now the _____
Malay Peninsula or Borneo
80
people that evolved into the Malay tribes that dominate Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines
malay people
81
what are the social class?
datus o leaders
timawa
maharlika
slaves (aliping namamahay and aliping sagigilid)
82
Highest position in the community
datus
83
they did not pay taxes. Travelled with the Datu. Supervised the rowers of the boat
maharlika
84
mandirigma and nagtatanggol ng pamayanan
maharlika
85
maharlika is also known as?
free people
86
known as the working class/rowers of the boat
timawa
87
illegitimate child ng mga datu sa alipin o anak sa labas ng mga datu
timawa
88
2 types of slaves
aliping namamahay
aliping sagigilid
89
they were not full pledge slave. They had their own respective families and their own houses. They were required to serve their masters only during planting and harvesting period
aliping namamahay
90
they were the real slaves, they were homeless, forbidden to form their own families, required to stay in their masters dwelling and they could be used as a payment for debt
aliping sagigilid
91
what are the other important groups?
tambalan
atubang ng datu
daragangan
paratabgaw
92
healers of doctors
tambalan
93
tambalan ay kilala ring?
babaylan o mga sinaunang manggagamot
94
adviser of the datu
atubang ng datu
95
outstanding soldier/he is made to wear a “pinayusan” – a decorative scarf made of abaca
daragangan
96
a decorative scarf made of abaca
pinayusan
97
barangay teacher
paratabgaw
98
The government was called “___”. It is derived from ____, the name for the sailboats that originally brought settlers of Malay stock to the Philippines from Borneo
barangay
balangay
99
barangas was headed by a ruler called ______
datu o rajah
100
powers and functions of a datu
* Implementing laws
* Maintaining peace and order
* Giving protection to his subjects
* He also made the law, with the assistance of group of elders who gave advice (Lupon ng Tagapayo)
* He acted also as a judge during trial
101
Like community of nations, ____ among barangay were formed. The purpose of forming ____ was for ___.
alliances
alliances
trade, peace and mutual protection
102
An ____ was sealed through blood compact (sanduguan), to ensure conformity, sincerity and commitment of the chieftains
alliances
103
_____ was an ancient ritual in the Philippines intended to seal a friendship or treaty, or to validate an agreement. The contracting parties would cut their wrists and pour their blood into a cup filled with liquid, such as wine, and drink the mixture.
Blood compact o sanduguan
104
The man was required to give a ____
dowry
105
it was the type of dowry consisted of a piece of land or gold
bigay-kaya
106
it was another payment for raising the future bride during her infancy period, to be paid by the groom’s parent also
himaraw
107
2 types of dowry
bigay-kaya
himaraw
108
Surprising Facts during the Pre-Colonial Period
1. They compressed their babies’ skulls for aesthetic reasons
2. Gold was literally everywhere
3. Women enjoyed equal status with men.
4. It was considered a disgrace for a woman to have many children
5. Celebrating a girl’s first menstruation, pre-colonial style
6. Whatever happened to our ancient writing system
7. Courtship was a long, arduous, and expensive process
8. Before Roman Catholicism and Islam were introduced, natives worshipped many gods and goddesses
109
Back then, there were no doctors or priests whom our ancestors could turn to when things went awry. The only hope they had was a spirit medium or shaman who could directly communicate with the spirits or gods. They were known in the Visayas as ____, while the Tagalogs called them ____.
babaylan
catalonan (katulunan)
110
In the pre-colonial era, this transition was seen as a crucial period in womanhood, so much so that all girls were required to go through an intricate rite of passage. During the ritual, the girl who was having her first period was _____
secluded, covered, and blindfolded
111
You’re not supposed to call our ancient script “____” because it’s a misnomer
alibata
112
The word (from ‘____,’ the first letters of the Arabic script) was actually invented by _____ who thought our earliest writing system was of Arabic origins.
Alif-bata
Paul Versoza
113
The thing is, the ____(which is the correct term) is believed to be one of the indigenous alphabets in Asia that originated from the ____ of ancient India.
baybayin
Sanskrit
114
it is the custom requiring the guy to work for the girl’s family before marriage was already prevalent during the pre-colonial times
paninilbihan
115
Before Roman Catholicism and Islam were introduced, natives worshipped many gods and goddesses
i. Bathala
ii. Aman Sinaya
iii. Idianale
iv. Dumangan
v. AnitunTabu
vi. Mapulon
vii. Lakapati
viii. Dumakulem
ix. Dian Masalanta
x. Apolaki
xi. Libulan
xii. Sitan
xiii. Aring Sinukuan
xiv. Apung Malyari
116
supreme god in the heavens. He is the leader of the gods
bathala
117
Goddess of the Sea
aman sinaya
118
Goddess of Labor and Good Deeds
idianale
119
God of Good Harvest
dumangan
120
Goddess of the Wind and Rain
anitun tabu
121
God of Seasons
mapulon
122
Hermaphrodite Goddess of Fertility and Agriculture
lakapati
123
Guardian of the Mountains
dumakulem
124
Goddess of Lovers, Childbirth, and Peace
dian masalanta
125
God of the Sun, Patron of Warriors
apolaki
126
God of the Moon, Patron God of Homosexuality
libulan
127
God of the Lower World
sitan
128
Sun God of War and Death
aring sinukuan
129
Goddess of the Moon, Ruler of the Eight Rivers
apung malyari
130
religious belied and mythologies such as anito (influences from hinduism and buddhism)
b. Aswang
c. Dwende
d. Kapre
e. Tiyanak
f. Tikbalang
g. Mangkukulam
131
Sa kabuoang bilang na 270 na crew, ginamit na ang limang barko na may pangalang:
1. Trinidad
2. San Antonio
3. Concepcion
4. Victoria
5. Santiago
132
ilang crew meron si magellan?
270
133
Sa ulat, ilang taon ang nilakbay ng grupong ito kasama ang limang barko
tatlo
134
Nang sila ay makarating sa daungan ng San Julian sa Timog Amerika noong Setyembre 1520, ang barkong ____ ay nasira dahil sa malakas na bagyong sinuong nila ng utusan ito ni Magellan na mauna sa kanilang paglalakbay. Ang mga nabuhay na crew ay iniligtas lamang ng iba pang mga kasamahang barko.
Santiago
135
Ang barkong ____ ay maagang bumalik sa Espanya. Ayaw ng mga crew at kapitan nito na sundin ang mapanganib na paglalakbay na nais ni Magellan. Sa pagtakas ng grupong ito, tatlo na lamang ang barkong natitira sa poder ni Magellan.
San Antonio
136
Sa pagkamatay ni Magellan sa labanan sa Mactan, tanging dalawang barko na lamang ang inulat na nakarating sa Spice Island. At tanging isa na lamang doon ang nakabalik sa Espanya. Ito ay ang barkong ____ kasama ang 18 tauhan nito.
Victoria
137
antropologo na nakadiscover ng 3 parts ng tabon man
dr. robert fox
138
history ng name na "luzon"
Murillo Velarde (1734), Liusung, Lusong
Perez, Portuguese, Lucose
Japanese, Roson/Rozon
European Map Maker, Luconia, Luzonia, Luzon
139
babaylan in tagalog
katulunan
140
katulunan in visayas
babaylan
141
ano ang pinapakain dati sa mga babaeng may mens
itlog at 4 na kutsarang kanin
142
boat made for 50-100 people
birey
