GNED4 Flashcards
he is a Portuguese explorer working under the employ of the Spanish crown
Ferdinand Magellan
saan nagttrabaho si magellan?
spanish crown
book ni antonio pigafetta
the first voyage around the world
sino naging bagong commander ng expedition noong namatay si magellan?
juan sebastian el cano
when do Ferdinand Magellan arrived in the Philippines on an epic voyage of discovery and exploration?
March 16, 1521
they started to explore the Philippines in the early 16th century
spaniards
Ferdinand Magellan led a Spanish expedition to ?
the spice island
saan nakarating sina magellan?
sugbu (cebu)
who is the local chieftain of Cebu
rajah humabon
sino asawa ni rajah humabon
hara amihan
baptized name ni rajah humabon
carlos
baptized name ni hara amihan?
juana
he was an explorer commissioned by Spain to search for a new route to the fabled Spice Islands that would not trespass Portuguese territory
ferdinand magellan
Therefore, we can conclude that there was yet no Philippines, or Filipinos, way back ?
1521
Magellan named the islands what?
the Archipelago of St. Lazarus
lapu-lapu is a not a “filipino” before, but a
“Lazarean” or “Lazareano”
it was first imposed on the islands of Samar-Leyte in 1544 by the Villalobos expedition
“felipe-nas”
“Felipe-nas” was first imposed on the islands of ?
samar-leyte in 1544 by the Villalobos expedition
Ferdinand Magellan claimed various lands for Spain and naming them
Islas de San Lazaro
More than ____ locals, after Humabon converted to _____ and was baptized as _____
2,200
Catholicism
Carlos
he is the chief of nearby Mactan Island
lapu-lapu
it is a Christian cross planted by Portuguese, and Spanish explorers as ordered by Ferdinand Magellan upon arriving in Cebu in the Philippines on April 14, 1521
magellan’s cross
Magellan’s Cross is a _____ planted by Portuguese, and Spanish explorers as ordered by Ferdinand Magellan upon arriving in Cebu in the Philippines
Christian cross
Magellan’s Cross is a Christian cross planted by Portuguese, and Spanish explorers as ordered by Ferdinand Magellan upon arriving in Cebu in the Philippines on
April 14, 1521
it describes the original cross is encased inside the wooden cross that is found in the center of the chapel
sign below the cross
bakit nakatago yung original cross?
to protect the original cross from people who chipped away parts of the cross for souvenir purposes or in the belief that the cross possesses miraculous powers
he was a ruler of Mactan
lapu-lapu
he is known as the first native of the archipelago to have resisted the Spanish colonization
lapu-lapu
Datu Lapu-Lapu is also known under the names ?
Çilapulapu
Si LapuLapu
Salip Pulaka
Cali Pulaco
Lapulapu Dimantag.
About the middle of the month of _________, Lapu-Lapu was born to the couple Datu Manggal and Matang Matana
Daghangkahoy (February) 1481
who are the parents of lapu-lapu?
Datu Manggal and Matang Matana
Lapu-Lapu was a grandson of ?
Sri Mohammed and his wife Malindang
he is the leader of the first settlers
Sri Mohammed
This name indicates that Sri Mohammed was a _______
Muslim
However, according to some local historians, the inhabitants of ______ were not _____ because they are already converted as ____
Sugbo
Muslims
Christians
According to the accounts of _____, the following is the life story of Lapu-Lapu
Atty. Vicente Gullas
A few years from _____, Sri Mohammed and his wife Malindang and son Datu Manggal, left their place which was at the ________
1457
south-east part of Malaysia
However, _____ said that a Moro (or Muslim) named, _______, trader met the flagship _______ and acted as ______. So, there were already ______ residents in _____
Antonio Pigafetta
Enrique de Malacca
Trinidad
interpreter
Moro
Cebu
He was the man who fought off and killed the troops of Magellan, a foreign invader trying to conquer the Philippines
Lapu-lapu
his accounts showed that Lapu-Lapu recognized the authority of the Spanish Crown through Magellan and even agreed to pay tribute to the colonizers
Antonio Pigafetta
But the relationship soured after Magellan demanded that Lapu-Lapu recognize his anointed supreme chieftain, Rajah Humabon, by ________, a European way of _________
kissing the latter’s hand
recognizing authority
When Lapu-Lapu refused, Magellan’s troops attacked the chieftain’s village ______, burning the houses.
twice
On the morning of _______, Lapu-Lapu led ______ warriors in a battle against Portuguese explorer and conquistador Ferdinand Magellan who led a force of ______ Spanish soldiers and ____ native warriors from Cebu
April 27, 1521
3,000
forty-nine
6000
Magellan was first immobilized by a _______ that hit his ___. The leader of the Spanish expedition was then killed with a _____ to the ____.
poisoned arrow
leg
bamboo lance/sibat
chest
__ members of the Spanish forces were able to return to Spain. __ survivors were given refuge by Humabon. With Magellan dead, Lapu-Lapu, the battle’s victor, demanded that Humabon kill the survivors. Humabon refused and sold the survivors as ____ to ______.
18
9
slaves
Chinese merchants
According to _____, Lapu-Lapu “was not a handsome, gym-fit warrior” when he defeated Magellan at the Battle of Mactan.
Ocampo
paano dinescribe ni ocampo si lapu-lapu?
hindi gwapo at hindi gym-fit warrior
Citing a chapter from _______’s book “Ferdinand Magellan: _____,” (2016) which is based on primary sources in Spain and Portugal, Ocampo said Lapu-Lapu was already __ years old at the time
Danilo Madrid Gerona
The Armada de Maluco and the European Discovery of the Philippines
70
Magellan was killed by a ______, _______, but the honor was given to Lapu-Lapu
Boholano
Sampong Baha
The most commonly used reference book for the so called “______” is the recorded stories of Antonio Pigafetta who was a participant of the Magellan expedition.
Battle of Mactan Island
kailan nakabalik ng espanya sina el cano?
september 6, 1522
Evolution of the name, “Philippines”
- Ma-Yi o Ma-I (Land of Gold)
- Las Islas de San Lazaro (Saint Lazarus’ Islands)
- Las Islas Felipinas (Philippine Islands/Islands belonging to Philip)
- Las Islas Filipinas, or simply “Filipinas”
_______ was named by ______, a Greek mapmaker, in his ancient map
Ma-Yi o Ma-I
Claudius Ptolemy
first coins ng ph
piloncito
money hanggang 16th century; mas malaki pa sa piloncito
barter rings
ano pa tawag sa barter rings?
gold ingots
status symbol ng mga tao
gold
____ was the Chinese local name of present-day _____. On the other hand, historians claimed that Ma-i was not an island, but all the ________ itself.
Ma-i
Mindoro
south of South Sea islands groups and Manila
_____ was the name given by the Chinese named ______ to the present-day island of ____. It originated from the Tagalog word ____, a wooden mortar that is used to pound rice.
Liusung
Murillo Velarde
Luzon
lusong
When the Spanish produced maps of the Philippines during the early 17th century, they called the island _____ which was later re-spelled as _____, then _____.
Luçonia
Luzonia
Luzon
______ was named by Fernando de Magallanes, when he reached the island of ___ in ____ (now ______) on the feast day of ____.
Las Islas de San Lazaro
Homonhon
Samar
Eastern Samar
Saint Lazarus of Bethany
The Magellan expedition, also known as the ______, resulted in the first recorded circumnavigation of the Earth in 1522. It is considered by many as one of the most important events in history for its scientific, socio-economic, political, philosophic and theological consequences
Magellan-Elcano expedition
The Philippines was named in honor of _______. Spanish explorer ______, during his expedition in ____, named the islands of Leyte and Samar _____ after the Prince of ______, then, Philip II of Spain
King Philip II of Spain
Ruy López de Villalobos
1542
Felipinas
Asturias
what are the early shelters?
caves
bahay kubo
tree house
Early Filipinos lived in ___ because it was safer
caves
people who live in caves sometimes moved to the _____ for farming and fishing
plains and coastal areas
Houses were made of light materials like wood, bamboo and nipa palm. A ladder was placed to prevent strangers from intruding when the owner was not around
bahay kubo o nipa hut
these were also made of light materials like wood, bamboo and nipa palm
tree house
who are the people?
callao man
tabon man
negritos (aeta)
malay people
they were known as “Ubag” or the cave people
callao man
callao man were known as?
“Ubag” or the cave people
a hominin who settled in Luzon Island with remains found in Callao cave
Homo Luzonensis
they arrived in small migrations from mainland southeast asia
negritos (aeta)
it is the oldest modern human specimen that has been discovered in the Philippines with certainty
tabon man
they brought a more advanced culture like iron melting, pottery techniques, and the system of sawah’s (rice fields)
malay people
tabon man
palawan
homo sapiens
The only survivors of the original hunter gathers that inhabited Southeast Asia are ____ Negritos of peninsular Malaysia and the Negritos of the mountains of Luzon and some islands of the Philippines
Semang
they are very small people with a dark skin and curly brown hair
negritos (aeta)
The Aeta are thought to have arrived in the Philippines between 13,000 and 10,000 years ago from the Asian continent, most likely from what is now the _____
Malay Peninsula or Borneo
people that evolved into the Malay tribes that dominate Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines
malay people
what are the social class?
datus o leaders
timawa
maharlika
slaves (aliping namamahay and aliping sagigilid)
Highest position in the community
datus
they did not pay taxes. Travelled with the Datu. Supervised the rowers of the boat
maharlika
mandirigma and nagtatanggol ng pamayanan
maharlika
maharlika is also known as?
free people
known as the working class/rowers of the boat
timawa
illegitimate child ng mga datu sa alipin o anak sa labas ng mga datu
timawa
2 types of slaves
aliping namamahay
aliping sagigilid
they were not full pledge slave. They had their own respective families and their own houses. They were required to serve their masters only during planting and harvesting period
aliping namamahay
they were the real slaves, they were homeless, forbidden to form their own families, required to stay in their masters dwelling and they could be used as a payment for debt
aliping sagigilid
what are the other important groups?
tambalan
atubang ng datu
daragangan
paratabgaw
healers of doctors
tambalan
tambalan ay kilala ring?
babaylan o mga sinaunang manggagamot
adviser of the datu
atubang ng datu
outstanding soldier/he is made to wear a “pinayusan” – a decorative scarf made of abaca
daragangan
a decorative scarf made of abaca
pinayusan
barangay teacher
paratabgaw
The government was called “___”. It is derived from ____, the name for the sailboats that originally brought settlers of Malay stock to the Philippines from Borneo
barangay
balangay
barangas was headed by a ruler called ______
datu o rajah
powers and functions of a datu
- Implementing laws
- Maintaining peace and order
- Giving protection to his subjects
- He also made the law, with the assistance of group of elders who gave advice (Lupon ng Tagapayo)
- He acted also as a judge during trial
Like community of nations, ____ among barangay were formed. The purpose of forming ____ was for ___.
alliances
alliances
trade, peace and mutual protection
An ____ was sealed through blood compact (sanduguan), to ensure conformity, sincerity and commitment of the chieftains
alliances
_____ was an ancient ritual in the Philippines intended to seal a friendship or treaty, or to validate an agreement. The contracting parties would cut their wrists and pour their blood into a cup filled with liquid, such as wine, and drink the mixture.
Blood compact o sanduguan
The man was required to give a ____
dowry
it was the type of dowry consisted of a piece of land or gold
bigay-kaya
it was another payment for raising the future bride during her infancy period, to be paid by the groom’s parent also
himaraw
2 types of dowry
bigay-kaya
himaraw
Surprising Facts during the Pre-Colonial Period
- They compressed their babies’ skulls for aesthetic reasons
- Gold was literally everywhere
- Women enjoyed equal status with men.
- It was considered a disgrace for a woman to have many children
- Celebrating a girl’s first menstruation, pre-colonial style
- Whatever happened to our ancient writing system
- Courtship was a long, arduous, and expensive process
- Before Roman Catholicism and Islam were introduced, natives worshipped many gods and goddesses
Back then, there were no doctors or priests whom our ancestors could turn to when things went awry. The only hope they had was a spirit medium or shaman who could directly communicate with the spirits or gods. They were known in the Visayas as ____, while the Tagalogs called them ____.
babaylan
catalonan (katulunan)
In the pre-colonial era, this transition was seen as a crucial period in womanhood, so much so that all girls were required to go through an intricate rite of passage. During the ritual, the girl who was having her first period was _____
secluded, covered, and blindfolded
You’re not supposed to call our ancient script “____” because it’s a misnomer
alibata
The word (from ‘____,’ the first letters of the Arabic script) was actually invented by _____ who thought our earliest writing system was of Arabic origins.
Alif-bata
Paul Versoza
The thing is, the ____(which is the correct term) is believed to be one of the indigenous alphabets in Asia that originated from the ____ of ancient India.
baybayin
Sanskrit
it is the custom requiring the guy to work for the girl’s family before marriage was already prevalent during the pre-colonial times
paninilbihan
Before Roman Catholicism and Islam were introduced, natives worshipped many gods and goddesses
i. Bathala
ii. Aman Sinaya
iii. Idianale
iv. Dumangan
v. AnitunTabu
vi. Mapulon
vii. Lakapati
viii. Dumakulem
ix. Dian Masalanta
x. Apolaki
xi. Libulan
xii. Sitan
xiii. Aring Sinukuan
xiv. Apung Malyari
supreme god in the heavens. He is the leader of the gods
bathala
Goddess of the Sea
aman sinaya
Goddess of Labor and Good Deeds
idianale
God of Good Harvest
dumangan
Goddess of the Wind and Rain
anitun tabu
God of Seasons
mapulon
Hermaphrodite Goddess of Fertility and Agriculture
lakapati
Guardian of the Mountains
dumakulem
Goddess of Lovers, Childbirth, and Peace
dian masalanta
God of the Sun, Patron of Warriors
apolaki
God of the Moon, Patron God of Homosexuality
libulan
God of the Lower World
sitan
Sun God of War and Death
aring sinukuan
Goddess of the Moon, Ruler of the Eight Rivers
apung malyari
religious belied and mythologies such as anito (influences from hinduism and buddhism)
b. Aswang
c. Dwende
d. Kapre
e. Tiyanak
f. Tikbalang
g. Mangkukulam
Sa kabuoang bilang na 270 na crew, ginamit na ang limang barko na may pangalang:
- Trinidad
- San Antonio
- Concepcion
- Victoria
- Santiago
ilang crew meron si magellan?
270
Sa ulat, ilang taon ang nilakbay ng grupong ito kasama ang limang barko
tatlo
Nang sila ay makarating sa daungan ng San Julian sa Timog Amerika noong Setyembre 1520, ang barkong ____ ay nasira dahil sa malakas na bagyong sinuong nila ng utusan ito ni Magellan na mauna sa kanilang paglalakbay. Ang mga nabuhay na crew ay iniligtas lamang ng iba pang mga kasamahang barko.
Santiago
Ang barkong ____ ay maagang bumalik sa Espanya. Ayaw ng mga crew at kapitan nito na sundin ang mapanganib na paglalakbay na nais ni Magellan. Sa pagtakas ng grupong ito, tatlo na lamang ang barkong natitira sa poder ni Magellan.
San Antonio
Sa pagkamatay ni Magellan sa labanan sa Mactan, tanging dalawang barko na lamang ang inulat na nakarating sa Spice Island. At tanging isa na lamang doon ang nakabalik sa Espanya. Ito ay ang barkong ____ kasama ang 18 tauhan nito.
Victoria
antropologo na nakadiscover ng 3 parts ng tabon man
dr. robert fox
history ng name na “luzon”
Murillo Velarde (1734), Liusung, Lusong
Perez, Portuguese, Lucose
Japanese, Roson/Rozon
European Map Maker, Luconia, Luzonia, Luzon
babaylan in tagalog
katulunan
katulunan in visayas
babaylan
ano ang pinapakain dati sa mga babaeng may mens
itlog at 4 na kutsarang kanin
boat made for 50-100 people
birey
