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Biochemistry II > GLYCOLYSIS (4th question group) > Flashcards

GLYCOLYSIS (4th question group) Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following enzyme catalyzes the first step of glycolysis?

A

Hexokinase

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2
Q

The general term used for the anaerobic degradation of glucose to obtain energy is?

A

fermentation

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3
Q

Whenever the cell’s ATP supply is depleted, which of the following enzyme’s activity is increased?

A

phosphofructokinase - 1

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4
Q

Cleavage of Fructose 1, 6-biophosphate yields?

A

An aldose and a ketose

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5
Q

Dihydroxyacetone phosphate is rapidly and reversibly converted to?

A

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate

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6
Q

The substrate used in the last step of glycolysis is?

A

Phosphoenolpyruvate

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7
Q

High concentration of glucose 6-phosphate is inhibitory to?

A

Hexokinase

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8
Q

The product formed in the first substrate level phosphorylation in glycolysis is?

A

3-phosphoglycerate

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9
Q

Glycolysis converts?

A

Glucose into pyruvate

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10
Q

where does glycolysis occur?

A

cytosol of all cells

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11
Q

can glycolysis function either aerobically or anaerobically?

A

yes depending on the availability of O2 and the electron transport chain

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12
Q

where does aerobic glycolysis occur in eukaryotes?

A

cardiac muscle, brain

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13
Q

where does anaerobic glycolysis occur in eukaryotes?

A

skeletal muscle, erythrocytes cytoplasm

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14
Q

what is the end product of anaerobic glycolysis?

A

lactate

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15
Q

what is the end product of aerobic glycolysis?

A

pyruvate

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16
Q

What is the net production of ATP, pyruvate, and NADH when one molecule of glucose undergoes glycolysis?

A

2 ATP, 2 NADH, and 2 pyruvate

17
Q

What is the main transformation that occurs during glycolysis?

A

Glycolysis produces ATP, pyruvate, and NADH by oxidizing glucose.

18
Q

which of the following would serve to allosterically inhibit the rate of glycolysis?

A

Increased ATP

19
Q

list the regulatory enzymes of glycolysis:

A

hexokinase
phosphofructo-kinase
pyruvate kinase

20
Q

how does insulin effect glycolysis?

A

increases glycolysis

decreases blood sugar

21
Q

how does glucagon effect glycolysis?

A

decreases glycolysis

increases blood sugar

22
Q

what is the pasteur effect?

A

The Pasteur effect is an inhibiting effect of oxygen on the fermentation process. It is a sudden change from anaerobic to aerobic process

23
Q

there is no lactate production in the presence of O2 except in?

A

tumour
embrional cells
retinal cells

24
Q

what enzyme catalyses pyruvic acid to lactate acid? (anaerobic)

A

lactic dehydrogenase

25
Q

what is the cori cycle?

A

transfer of lactic acid formed in the muscle to the liver and transfer of glucose from the liver to the muscles

26
Q

how do working muscles produce lactic acid?

A

anaerobic respiration

27
Q

what does the cori cycle prevent?

A

acid accumulation in working muscles

Biochemistry II (6 decks)

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