Glycogen Flashcards
Glycogen
A branched glucose polymer playing the crucial role as a systemic and cellular energy source, and an energy store.
Glucose 6-Phosphate
A molecule catalysing the terminal state of gluconeogenesis and gluconeogenesis synthesis preventing diffusion across the cell.
Glycogenin
An enzyme initiating glycogen formation from UDP-glucose in autoglycolysation by transporting the glucose from UDP-glucose to itself.
Glycogen Synthase
The enzyme catalysing the rate-limiting step in glycogen synthesis by transfer of glucose from UDP-glucose, here deriving the a-1,4 glycosidic linkages.
Glycogen Phosphorylase
An enzyme releasing G1P from linear glycogen chains to achieve glycogen degradation
Glycogen Debranching Enzyme
An enzyme debranching glycogen in tandem with glycogen phoshporylase, releasing free glycose
Glucokinase
A glucose sensor in beta cells, controlling rate of glucose entry into glycolytic pathway and its then metabolism.
Glucokinase Regulatory Protein
A hepatocyte produced protein binding and moving glucokinase, controlling its activity and intracellular location in glucose metabolism
Myopathy
Muscle effecting diseases that control voluntary body movement.
Glycogen
Protein Phosphatase-1
This catalyses dephosphorylase of glycogen synthase, activating it.
Andersen disease
A disease caused by deficient acitvity of GBE, resulting in accumulation of liver glycogen.
Lafora Disease
A brain disorder characterised by recurrent seizures and declied intellectual function.
Limit Dextrin
An effect where glycogen phosphorylase only degrades glycogen up to the fourth residue from the chain.
Allosteric Effectors
A molecule binding a site of an allosteric enzyme, causing change in configuration thus resulting in increased, if a positive effector, or reduced, if a negative effector, enzyme activity.
