Gluteal Region Muscles (Quiz 2/Exam 2) Flashcards
What are the origins/proximal attachments for the gluteus maximus?
test q
-ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line
-dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
-sacrotuberous ligament
What is the insertion/distal attachment for the gluteus maximus?
most fibers end in iliotibial tract, which inserts into lateral condyle of tibia and some fibers insert on gluteal tuberosity of femur
What innervates the gluteus maximus?
inferior gluteal n.
What are the actions of the gluteus maximus?
-extends thigh (especially from flexed position)
-assists in lateral rotation
-steadies thigh and assists in rising from siting position
-gluteus maximus is not engaged in walking or on flat surfaces, but is when going upstairs
What is the origin/proximal attachment for the gluteus medius?
test q
external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal line
What is the insertion/distal attachment for the gluteus medius?
lateral surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
note: gluteus minimus has almost the same insertion but instead of lateral surface its the anterior surface
What innervates the gluteus medius?
test q
superior gluteal n.
What are the actions of the gluteus medius and minimus, and tensor of fascia lata?
-abduct and medially rotate thigh
-keep pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing and advance opposite (unsupported) side during its swing phase
What is the origin/proximal attachment for the gluteus minimus?
test q
external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
What is the insertion/distal attachment of the gluteus minimus?
anterior surface of the greater trochanter of the femur
note: the gluteus medius has almost the same insertion, but instead of anterior surface its the lateral surface
What innervates the gluteus minimus?
superior gluteal n.
What are the origins/proximal attachments of the tensor of fascia lata?
-anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS)
-anterior part of the iliac crest
What is the insertion/distal attachment of the tensor of fascia lata?
iliotibial tract, which attaches to lateral condyle of tibia
What innervates the tensor of fascia lata?
test q
superior gluteal n.
What are the origins/proximal attachments of the piriformis?
-anterior surface of sacrum
-sacrotuberous ligament
What is the insertion/distal attachment of the piriformis?
superior border of the greater trochanter of the femur
What innervates the piriformis?
branches of anterior rami of S1/S2
What are the actions of the piriformis, obturator internus, superior gemellus, and inferior gemellus?
-laterally rotates extended thigh
-abducts flexed thigh
-steady the femoral head in the acetabulum
What is the origin/proximal attachment for the obturator internus?
pelvic surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bones
What is the insertion/distal attachment of the obturator internus?
medial surface of the greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of the femur
What innervates the obturator internus?
nerve to obturator internus
What is the origin/proximal attachment for the superior gemellus?
ischial spine
What is the origin/proximal attachment for the inferior gemellus?
ischial tuberosity
What is the insertion/distal attachment of the superior and inferior gemelli?
medial surface of the greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa) of the femur
What innervates the superior gemellus?
test q
nerve to obturator internus
What innervates the inferior gemellus?
test q
nerve to quadratus femoris
What is the origin/proximal attachment of the quadratus femoris?
lateral border of the ischial tuberosity
What is the insertion/distal attachment of the quadratus femoris?
quadratus tubercle on the intertochanteric crest of the femur and the area inferior to it
What innervates the quadratus femoris?
test q
nerve to quadratus femoris
What are the actions of the quadratus femoris?
-laterally rotates thigh
-steadies femoral head in the acetabulum
