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Musculoskeletal > Arm muscles (Quiz 1) > Flashcards

Arm muscles (Quiz 1) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 flexor muscles in the anterior compartment?

A

1) biceps brachii
2) brachialis
3) coracobrachialis

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2
Q

What nerve supplies the anterior flexor compartment of the arm?

A

musculocutaneous n.

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3
Q

What is the extensor muscle in the posterior compartment?

A

triceps brachii

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4
Q

What nerve supplies the posterior extensor compartment of the arm?

A

radial n.

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5
Q

A distally placed assistant to the triceps, the ___________, also lies in the posterior compartment

A

anconeus

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6
Q

The flexor muscles of the anterior compartment are almost twice as strong as the extensors in all positions; consequently, we are better _________ than __________

A

pullers, pushers

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7
Q

The extensors of the elbow are particularly important for what?

A

raising oneself out of a chair and for wheelchair activity

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8
Q

Conditioning of the triceps is particularly important in who?

A

elderly or disabled patients (to help them sit up from chair or be able to move around wheelchair)

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9
Q

The biceps is a ___ joint muscle- at the glenohumeral, elbow, and radioulnar joints, although it primarily acts at the latter two.

A

3

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10
Q

When the forearm is pronated, the biceps brachii is the primary (most powerful)…..

A

supinator of the forearm

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11
Q

The long head of the biceps brachii arises from the ______________________ and descends in the ___________________________

A

supraglenoid tubercle, intertubercular groove of the humerus

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12
Q

What ligament holds the tendon of the long head of the biceps in the intertubercular groove/bicipital groove?

A

transverse humeral ligament

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13
Q

What is biceps tendonitis?

A

-inflammation of the biceps tendon
-usually the result of repetitive microtraumas
-common in sports involving throwing, like baseball, or using a racquet, like in tennis

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14
Q

A tight, narrow and/or rough intertubercular groove may irritate and inflame the biceps tendon, producing tenderness and….

A

crepitus (crackling sound)

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15
Q

Which muscle’s distal attachment covers the anterior part of the elbow joint?

A

brachialis

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16
Q

What muscle is the primary flexor of the forearm in all positions?

potential test q

A

brachialis

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17
Q

What muscle is regarded as the workhorse of the elbow flexors?

A

brachialis

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18
Q

The ____________________ helps flex and adduct the arm and stabilizes the glenohumeral joint. It serves as a shunt muscle, resisting downward dislocation of the head of the humerus, as when carrying a heavy suitcase

A

coracobrachialis

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19
Q

What muscle is the main extensor of the forearm?

A

triceps brachii

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20
Q

What muscle helps stabilize the adducted glenohumeral joint by serving as a shunt muscle, resisting inferior displacement of the head of the humerus?

A

triceps brachii

21
Q

What muscle’s medial head is the workforce of forearm extension?

potential test q

A

triceps brachii

22
Q

The ______________ helps the triceps extend the forearm and tendons of the capsule of the elbow joint, preventing it being pinched during extension

A

aconeus

23
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the arm?

A

1) biceps brachii
2) coracobrachialis
3) brachialis
4) triceps brachii
5) anconeus

24
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment of the short head of the biceps brachii?

A

tip of coracoid process of scapula (same as coracobrachialis origin)

25
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment of the long head of the biceps brachii?

A

supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

26
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment of the biceps brachii?

A

radial tuberosity and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

27
Q

What innervates the biceps brachii?

A

musculocutaneous n.

28
Q

What are the actions of the biceps brachii?

A

-supinates forearm when it is prone
-flexes forearm
-short head resists dislocation of shoulder

29
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment of the coracobrachialis?

A

tip of coracoid process of scapula (same as biceps brachii short head origin)

30
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment for the coracobrachialis?

A

middle third of the medial surface of the humerus

31
Q

What innervates the coracobrachialis?

A

musculocutaneous n.

32
Q

What are the actions of the coracobrachialis?

A

-helps flex and adduct arm
-resist dislocation of shoulder

33
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment of the brachialis?

A

distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus

34
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment of the brachialis?

A

coronoid process of the ulna and ulna tuberosity

35
Q

What innervates the brachialis?

A

musculocutaneous n. and radial n.

36
Q

What are the actions of the brachialis?

A

flexes forearm in all positions

37
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment for the long head of the triceps brachii?

A

infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

38
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment of the lateral head of the triceps brachii?

A

posterior surface of the humerus (superior to the radial groove)

39
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment of the medial head of the triceps brachii?

A

posterior surface of the humerus (inferior to radial groove)

40
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment of the triceps brachii?

A

proximal end of the olecranon of the ulna and fascia of the forearm

41
Q

What innervates the triceps brachii?

A

radial n.

42
Q

What are the actions of the triceps brachii?

A

-chief extensor of forearm
-long head resists dislocation of humerus
-important for adduction
-long head is the least active head
-medial is the workhorse of forearm extension
-lateral head is the strongest but usually for going against resistance

43
Q

Which head of the triceps is the least active head?

A

long head

44
Q

Which head of the triceps is known as the workhorse of forearm extension?

A

medial head

45
Q

Which head of the triceps is the strongest against resistance?

A

lateral head

46
Q

What is the origin/proximal attachment for the anconeus?

A

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

47
Q

What is the insertion/distal attachment of the anconeus?

A

lateral surface of the olecranon and superior part of the posterior surface of the ulna

48
Q

What innervates the anconeus?

A

radial n.

49
Q

What are the actions of the anconeus?

A

-assist triceps in extending forearm
-stabilizes elbow joint
-may abduct ulna during pronation

Musculoskeletal (17 decks)

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