Gluteal Region and the Hip Flashcards
What is a sign of superior gluteal nerve injury
Positive Trendelenburg sign on opposite of nerve injury
What does positive trendelenburg sign on the right hand side show
There has been injury to the left superior gluteal nerve
What strengthens the hip joint
Acetabular labrum and transverse acetabular ligament
Fibrous joint capsule
Joint ligaments
Muscles that move the joint
Name the hip joint ligaments
Iliofemoral ligament
Pubofemoral ligament
Ischiofemoral ligament
What is the function of the iliofemoral ligament and where does it span
Protects the joint from hyperextension
Spans from anterior inferior iliac spine to intertrochanteric line
What is the function of the pubofemoral ligament and where does it span
Protects from over abduction and extension
Spans from superior pubic rami to the intertrochanteric line
What is the function of the ischiofemoral ligament and where does it span
Limits extension
Spans from ischium body to the greater trochanter
Name the hip flexors
Iilacus and psoas - Iliopsoas
Rectus femoris
Sartorius
Name the hip adductors
Adductor magnus
Adductor brevis
Adductor longus
Pectineus
Gracilius
Obturator externus
Name the hip extensors
Gluteus maximus
Long head of biceps femoris
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Name the hip abductors
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Tensor fascia latae
Name the lateral rotators
Piriformis
Superior gemellus
Inferior gemellus
Obturator internus
Quadratus femoris
Name the medial rotators
Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Name the nerves that supply the muscles of the hip joint
Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve
Superior gluteal nerve
Nerve to quadratus femoris
Name the branches of the lumbar plexus
Ilioinguinal nerve
Genitofemoral nerve
Lateral cutaneous nerve
Femoral nerve
Obturator nerve
Ilioinguinal nerve root and functions
L1 root
Motor: innervates internal oblique and transversus abdominis
Sensory: innervates skin on upper thigh. Men- skin over penis root and anterior scrotum. Women- skin over mons pubis and labia majora
Genitofemoral nerve roots and functions
L1 and L2 roots
Motor: innervates cremasteric muscle
Sensory: innervates skin of anterior scrotum and skin over mons pubis and labia major. Innervates skin over upper anterior thigh
Lateral cutaneous nerve roots and functions
L2 and L3 roots
Motor: none
Sensory: innervates anterior and lateral thigh to the knee
Femoral nerve roots and functions
L2, L3 and L4 roots
Motor: innervates iliacus, pectineus, sartorius and all muslces of quadriceps femoris
Sensory: innervates skin of anterior thigh and medial leg
Obturator nerve roots and functions
L2, L3 and L4 roots
Motor: obturator externus, pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, gracilis and adductor magnus
Sensory: innervates skin over medial thigh
Name the branches of the sacral plexus
Superior gluteal nerve
Inferior gluteal nerve
Sciatic nerve
Posterior femoral cutaneous
Superior gluteal nerve roots and functions
L4, L5 and S1 roots
Motor: innvervates gluteus medius, gluteus minimus and tensor fascia latae
Sensory: none
Inferior gluteal nerve roots and functions
L5, S1 and S2 roots
Motor: innervates gluteus maximus
Sensory: none
Sciatic nerve roots and functions
L4, L5, S1, S2 and S3 roots
Motor:
- Tibial portion: muscles in posterior compartment of thigh except short head of biceps femoris, muscles in posterior compartment of leg and muscles in sole of foot
- Common fibular portion: short head of biceps femoris, muscles in anterior and lateral compartments of leg and extensor digitorum brevis.
Sensory
- Tibial portion: skin of posterolateral and medial surfaces of foot and sole of foot.
- Common fibular portion: skin on anterolateral surface of leg and dorsal aspect of foot.
