Gluteal Region

Question 1

Gluteus Maximus

Answer 1

Origin… Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal
surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous
ligament

Insertion… Iliotibial tract, lateral condyle of tibia, gluteal tuberosity of femur

Innervation… Inferior gluteal nerve

Blood Supply… Inferior gluteal artery

Action… Extends flexed thigh, assists in lateral rotation,
abducts thigh

Question 2

Gluteus Medius

Answer 2

Origin… Lateral surface of ilium between anterior and
posterior gluteal lines

Insertion… Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

Innervation… Superior gluteal nerve

Blood Supply… Superior gluteal artery

Action… Abducts and medially rotates thigh at hips,
steadies pelvis on leg when opposite leg is raised

Question 3

Gluteus Minimus

Answer 3

Origin… Lateral surface of ilium between anterior and
inferior gluteal lines

Insertion… Anterior surface of greater trochanter

Innervation… Superior gluteal nerve

Blood Supply… Superior gluteal artery

Action… Abducts and medially rotates thigh at hips,
steadies pelvis on leg when opposite leg is raised

Question 4

Piriformis

Answer 4

Origin… Anterior surface of S2-S4, 
              sacrotuberous ligament (Inconsistent)

Insertion… Superior border of greater trochanter of femur

Innervation… Ventral rami of L5, S1, S2

Blood Supply… Superior and inferior gluteal,
internal pudendal

Action… Laterally rotates extended thigh, abducts flexed
thigh

Question 5

Superior Gemellus

Answer 5

Origin… Outer surface of ischial spine

Insertion… Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

Innervation… Nerve to obturator internus

Blood Supply… Inferior gluteal and internal pudendal

Action… Laterally rotates extended thigh and abducts
flexed thigh

Question 6

Obturator Internus

Answer 6

Origin… Pelvic surface of obturator membrane

Insertion… Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

Innervation… Nerve to obturator internus

Blood Supply… Inferior gluteal and internal pudendal

Action… Laterally rotates extended thigh and abducts
flexed thigh

Question 7

Inferior Gemellus

Answer 7

Origin… Ischial tuberosity

Insertion… Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

Innervation… Nerve to quadratus femoris muscle

Blood Supply… Medial circumflex femoral artery

Action… Laterally rotates extended thigh and abducts
flexed thigh

Question 8

Quadratus Femoris

Answer 8

Origin… Lateral margin of ischial tuberosity

Insertion… Quadrate on tubercle of intertrochanteric crest
of femur

Innervation… Nerve to quadratus femoris muscle

Blood Supply… Medial circumflex femoral artery

Action…

Question 9

Obturator Externus

Medial Thigh

Answer 9

Origin… Margins of obturator foramen, obturator foramen

Insertion… Trochanteric fossa of femur

Innervation… Obturator nerve

Blood Supply… Medial circumflex femoral artery, obturator
artery

Action… Laterally rotates thigh, stabilizes head of femur in
acetabulum