Gluteal Region Flashcards
Where can the gluteal region be found?
Lies between the back and posterior thigh, and is posterior to the pelvis
What are the boundaries of the gluteal region?
Superior = iliac crest Inferior = gluteal fold/sulcus
Where is the intergluteal cleft located?
Between the buttocks
What marks the lateral extent of the gluteal region?
Greater trochanter of femur
What muscles make up the superficial muscle layer of the gluteal region?
Gluteus maximus, medius and minimus
Where is the superficial muscle layer of the gluteal region located?
Deep to the skin, superficial and deep fascia
What is the largest and most superficial of the gluteal muscles?
The gluteus maximus
What are the proximal and distal attachments of the gluteus maximus?
Proximal = iliac crest, sacrum, sacrotuberous ligament, coccyx Distal = iliotibial tract (some fibres also attach to the gluteal tuberosity of the femur)
What are some functions of the gluteus maximus?
Most powerful extensor of the hip, helps to define the gluteal fold along with the overlying superficial fascia
Where do the gluteus medius and minimus attach?
Both attach to the external/posterior/gluteal aspect of the ilium and the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter of the femur
What function do the gluteus medius and minimus have?
Act to abduct and medially (internally) rotate the thigh at the hip joint
What innervates the gluteus medius and minimus?
Superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1)
What can damage to the gluteus medius and minimus or their supply cause?
Trendelenburg’s gait
What are the neurovascular bundles present in the gluteal region?
Inferior and Superior gluteal neurovascular bundles
What are some features of the inferior gluteal neurovascular bundle?
Contains inferior gluteal artery, vein and nerve (L5, Si, S2), supplies gluteus maximus, located deep to gluteus maximus
What are some features of the superior gluteal neurovascular bundle?
Contains superior gluteal artery, vein and nerve (L4, L5, S1), supplies gluteus medius and minimus, located deep to gluteus medius