gluteal region

Question 1

Explain the attachments, nerve supply, and actions of gluteus maximus.

Answer 1

Origin ⇒ Ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament

Insertion ⇒ Iliotibial tract which inserts into the lateral condyle of tibia. Some fibers insert on glutal tuberosity

Nerves ⇒ Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)

Action ⇒ Extends thigh (from flexed position). Assists in lateral rotation. Assists in rising from sitting position.

Question 2

Explain the attachments, nerve supply, and actions of gluteus medius

Answer 2

O ⇒ External surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

I ⇒ Lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

N ⇒ Superior gluteal nerve (L5 and S1)

A ⇒ Abduct and medially rotate the thigh. Keeps the pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight bearing. Swing phase

Question 3

Explain the attachments, nerve supply, and actions of gluteus minimus

Answer 3

O ⇒ External surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

I ⇒ Anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

N ⇒ Superior gluteal nerve (L5 and S1)

A ⇒ Abduct and medially rotate thigh. Keeps the pelvis level when ipsilateral limb is weight-bearing and advance opposite side.

Question 4

Describe the Actions and Nerves for the Piriformis muscle

Answer 4

O ⇒ Leaves the pelvis through the greater sciateic foramen from the sacrum

I ⇒ Superior border of the greater trochanter

A ⇒ Laterally rotator of thigh at hip joint

N ⇒ventral rami of S1 and S2

Question 5

Describe the Actions and Nerves for Obturator internus

Answer 5

O ⇒ Located partly in the pelvis and covers most of the lateral wall of lesser pelvis

I ⇒ Passes through the lesser sciatic foramen, receives distal attachments of gemelli → attaches to medial surface of greater trochanter.

N ⇒ Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2)

A ⇒ Laterally rotator of thigh at hip joint

Question 6

Describe the Actions and Nerves for the Gemelli Superior and Inferior

Answer 6

A ⇒ Laterally rotator of thigh at hip joint

N ⇒ Superior → Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1, S2).
Inferior → Nerve to quadratus femoris (L4, L5, S1)

Question 7

Describe the Actions and Nerves for Quadratus femoris

Answer 7

A ⇒ Laterally rotator of thigh at hip joint

N ⇒ Nerve to quadratus femoris(L4,L5,S1)

Question 8

tensor fasciae latae

Answer 8

O:Outer lip of the anterior part of iliac crest
I: iliotibial tract
N:Superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1)
A: abductor and medial rotator of thigh and extensor of knee joint