Gluconeogenesis

Question 1

Daily requirements of body and brain in regards to glucose?

Answer 1

160 g ; 120 g

Question 2

Which four enzymes help bypass the irreversible steps of glycolysis?

Answer 2

Pyruvate carboxylase
Phosphoenopyruvate carboxykinase
Fructose 1, 6-bisphosphatase
Glucose 6-phosphatase

Question 3

step one of gluconeogenesis?

Answer 3

Pyruvate —–> Oxaloacetate via pyruvate carboxylase

Question 4

Oxaloacetate is transported to cytoplasm via

Answer 4

malate shuttle

Question 5

Step two?

Answer 5

Oxaloacetate + GTP —> phosphoenolpyruvate + GDP + CO2

Question 6

Step Three?

Answer 6

Phosphoenolpyruvate —> 2-phosphoglycerate

Question 7

Step four?

Answer 7

2-Phosphoglycerate —> 3-phosphoglycerate

Question 8

Step five?

Answer 8

3-phosphoglycerate + ATP —> 1,3 - bisphosphoglycerate + ADP

Question 9

Step six?

Answer 9

1,3 - Bisphosphoglycerate + NADH —> glyceraldehyde 3 - phosphate + NAD+

Question 10

Step Seven?

Answer 10

Glyceraldehyde 3 - phosphate —> dihydroxyacetone phosphate

Question 11

Step Eight?

Answer 11

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate + DHAP —-> Fructose 1,6 - biphosphate

Question 12

Step nine?

Answer 12

Fructose 1,6 - biphosphate + H20 —-> Fructose 6-phosphate

Question 13

Step 10?

Answer 13

Fructose 6-phosphate —-> glucose 6- phosphate

Question 14

Step 11?

Answer 14

Glucose 6 - phosphate + H20 —> Glucose + Pi

Question 15

Fructose 2,6 - bisphosphate inhibits what? and stimulates what?

Answer 15

Fructose 1,6 - bisphosphatase

Phosphofructokinase

Question 16

What two enzymes regulate the concentration of fructose 2,6-bisphosphate?

Answer 16

PFK2 + FBPase2

Question 17

What is the Cori Cycle?

Answer 17

Lactate produced in muslce and RBC converted back to pyruvate in the liver. The pyruvate can enter the gluconeogenic pathway and regenerate glucose.