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NBS2, EXAM1 Biochem > gluconeogenesis > Flashcards

gluconeogenesis Flashcards

1
Q

what is the name of the special enzyme in the ER of muscle cells that is important for gluconeogenesis. It is only found in the liver

A

G6Phosphatase which allows glucose to be made and for it to move out of the cell (ER)

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2
Q

how does alanine enter gluconeogenesis?

A

It enters gluconeogenesis by being converted to pyruvate by alpha KG which turns into Glutamate.

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3
Q

What is the cofactor of the conversion of alanine to pyrvate

A

PLP

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4
Q

how does Glycerol enter gluconeogenesis

A

Glycerol becomes DHAP, which can be interconverted to G3P

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5
Q

substrates od gluconeogenesis

A

lactate, alanine and glycerol

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6
Q

in gluconeogenesis what concerts pyruvate to OAA

A

pyruvate carboxylase

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7
Q

what are the three major enzymes of gluconeogenesis

A

pyruvate Carboxylase, PEPCK and F16BPase

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8
Q

does pyrivate transport require energy?

A

yes, making the H+ gradient is important

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9
Q

what is the cofactor of pyruvate carboxylase

A

Biotin

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10
Q

what activates pyruvate carboxylase

A

Acetyl coA

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11
Q

what inihibits pyruate carboxylae

A

AMP and F26BP

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12
Q

what is OAA converted to to allow it to leave the mitochondria

A

Aspartate and Malatate

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13
Q

what does PEPCK do?

A

malate back to oxaloaceteate

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14
Q

What activates PEPCK

A

glucagon, steroids and glucocorticcoids, cortisol

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15
Q

what inhibits PEPcK

A

insulin

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16
Q

what does F16BPase do

A

F16BP –> F6P

17
Q

what activates F16BPase, what inhibits it?

A

activates: glucagon and citrate
inhibits: F26BP, AMP

18
Q

to bypass the hexokinase and glucokinase step you use

A

G6P phosphatase (in the mitochondria of the liver

19
Q

Von gierkes disease

A

cant transport the G6P into the ER or do not have G6P phosphatase

20
Q

if prruvate kinase is not owrking, then what hapens?

A

hemolytic anemia

NBS2, EXAM1 Biochem (12 decks)

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