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PPP Spring > glucocorticoids + mineralocorticoids > Flashcards

glucocorticoids + mineralocorticoids Flashcards

1
Q

what are biological effects of cortisol?

A

inc. cellular fuel sources
normal organ function
anti-inflammatory effects

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2
Q

what factors regulate aldosterone secretion?

A

serum K+

Ang II

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3
Q

What are AEs of glucocorticoids?

A 
Moon face
hyperglycemia
Na + fluid retention
thin extremeties
abdominal/face/back fat deposits
inc. susceptibility to infection
osteoporosis
thin skin
purple striae/ bruises + petechiae
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4
Q

what CI and precautions are associated with glucocorticoids?

A 
systemic infections (herpes, TB)
DM
peptic ulcer
Osteoporosis
HF + HTN
Cataracts + glaucoma
Pregnancy
CNS disorders (psychosis)
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5
Q

What are indications for glucocorticoids?

A

Endocrine disorders: replacement thereapy; diagnosis of Cushing’s Syndrome
Non-endocrine disorders: inflammatory disorders; immunosuppressant therapy

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6
Q

What endocrine replacement therapy are GCs indicated for?

A

treat adrenal insufficiency

Congenital hyperplasia

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7
Q

What inflammatory disorders are GCs indicated for?

A

osteoarthritis
UC and Crohn’s Disease
Rhinitis
Asthma

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8
Q

What immunosuppressant therapies are GCs indicated for?

A

RA, MS, organ transplant

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9
Q

What DDIs are associated with GCs?

A 
NSAIDs
Diabetic agents
Drugs affecting K+ (diuretics, digoxin)
anti-HTN
CYP inducers (phenytoin, phenobarb)
CYP inhibitors (ketoconazole)
LIVE VACCINES
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10
Q

describe parenteral GCs

A

mainly for emergencies

agent of choice: hydrocortisone

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11
Q

describe oral GCs

A

uses: adrenal insufficiency; inflammatory + autoimmune disease; organ transplant; chemo

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12
Q

describe inhaled GCs

A

uses: asthma, AR, COPD
AEs: oropharyngeal candidiasis, throat irritation
agent: triamcinolone

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13
Q

describe topical GCs

A
  • safest for chronic application*

uses: inflammatory dermatoses (eczema, psoriasis)

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14
Q

which corticosteroids exert weak GC and weak MR effects?

A

hydrocortisone

cortisone

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15
Q

which corticosteroids exert potent GC and potent MR effects?

A

fludrocortisone

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16
Q

which drugs exert potent GC and weak MR effects?

A

prednisone

methyl prednisolone

17
Q

which drugs exert potent GC + INHIBIT MR

A

triamcinolone
bexamethasone
dexamethasone

18
Q

which corticosteroids are available for injection, inhalation, and topical?

A 
inject = hydrocortisone
inhaled = triamcinolone
topical = triamcinolone
19
Q

Name a mineralocorticoid agonist and its use

A

Fludrocortisone

use: adrenal insufficiency (Addison’s disease)

20
Q

what AEs are associated with fludrocortisone?

A

Na/fluid retention
HTN
HF

21
Q

Name a mineralocorticoid antagonist and its uses

A

Spironolactone

use: primary hyperaldosteronism, hypokalemia, HF

22
Q

What AEs are associated with spironolactone?

A

hyperkalemia
hyponatremia
gynecomastia

PPP Spring (9 decks)

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