Glossary Terms 3: Definitions and Spelling

Question 1

Pituitary Gonadotropin:

Answer 1

An endocrine organ compound of the anterior gonadotropin secreting compound and the posterior oxytocin secreting compound

Question 2

Granulosa cell tumor

Answer 2

A feminizing, estrogen producing ovarian tumor

Question 3

Gravida:

Answer 3

A pregnant woman

Question 4

Gravidity:

Answer 4

The pregnant state, or the total number go pregnancies a woman has had, including the current pregnancy

Question 5

Hemoperitoneum:

Answer 5

Blood in peritoneal cavity

Question 6

Hermaphrodite:

Answer 6

Person who exhibits characteristics of both sexes; a true hermaphrodite is characterized by the presence of both ovarian AND testicular tissue

Question 7

Hirsutism:

Answer 7

Development of various degrees of hair growth of male type and distribution in a woman

Question 8

Hormone replacement therapy:

Answer 8

Estrogen and progestin replacement therapy

Question 9

Hot flushes (flashes)

Answer 9

A vasomotor symptom characterized by transient hot sensations that involve chiefly the upper part of the throat, neck, and head–frequently followed by sweats, and associated with cessation of diminution in the ovarian secretion of estrogen

Question 10

Hydatidiform mole:

Answer 10

Pathological condition of pregnancy characterized by the hydronic degeneration of the chorionic villi and variable degrees of trophoblastic proliferation

Question 11

Hydramnios:

Answer 11

Excessive amounts (more than 2L) of amniotic fluid at term

Question 12

Endometrial Hyperplasia:

Answer 12

Abnormal proliferation of the endometrium with a marked increase in the number of glands or cystic dilation of glands–may be related to prolonged unopposed estrogen stimulation

Question 13

Hypoesterogenism:

Answer 13

Condition of subnormal estrogen production with resultant estrogen dependent tissue atrophy/ developmental failure

Question 14

Hypofibrinogenemia

Answer 14

Deficiency (under 100mg%) of circulating fibrinogen– may be seen in conditions such as abruptio placentae, amniotic fluid embolism, and fetal death, in which the fibrinogen is consumed by DIC

Question 15

Hypogonadism:

Answer 15

Subnormal production of hormones by the gonads

Question 16

Abdominal Hysterectomy:

Answer 16

Removal of the uterine corpus and cervix through an incision made in the abdominal wall

Question 17

Radical hysterectomy:

Answer 17

Removal of uterine corpus, cervix, parametrium, with dissection of the ureters–usually combined with pelvic lymphadenectomy

Question 18

Laparoscopic Assisted Vaginal Hysterectomy (LAVH)

Answer 18

Combination of laparoscopy with vaginal surgery techniques to remove the uterus and frequently the adenexae

Question 19

Subtotal (supracervical) hysterectomy:

Answer 19

Removal of uterine corpus, leaving the cervix in situ

Question 20

Total Hysterectomy:

Answer 20

Removal of uterine corpus and cervix–WITHOUT regard to tubes or ovaries

Question 21

Vaginal Hysterectomy:

Answer 21

Removal of uterus through the vagina

Question 22

Hysterosalpingography:

Answer 22

Roentgenography of the uterus and tubes after injection of radiopaque contrast medium through the cervix; useful in ascertaining irregularities of the uterine cavity and potency of the fallopian tubes

Question 23

Hysterotomy:

Answer 23

Surgical incision of the wall of the uterus

Question 24

Hysteroscopy:

Answer 24

Transcervical endoscopic visualization of endometrial cavity

Question 25

Imperforate hymen:

Answer 25

Failure of a lumen to develop at a point where the budding gain arises from the urogenital sinus

Question 26

Impotence

Answer 26

Inability to achieve or sustain penile erection

Question 27

Infertility:

Answer 27

Inability to achieve pregnancy with regular intercourse and no contraception within a stipulated period of time; often considered to be 12 mos

Question 28

Intervillous space:

Answer 28

Space in the placenta in which maternal blood bathes chorionic villi, allowing the exchange of material between the fetal and maternal circulations

Question 29

Intraductal papilloma:

Answer 29

Benign mammary tumor, often multiple, occurring predominantly in parous women at or shortly before menopause.

It is typically located beneath the areola; often associated with bleeding from the nipple.

Question 30

Intrauterine device (IUD):

Answer 30

Device inserted into the uterine cavity for contraception

Question 31

Intrauterine fetal demise (IFUD, stillbirth)

Answer 31

Intrauterine death of a fetus

For purposes of vital statistics a fetal death prior to 500 grams is usually characterized as an abortus

Question 32

Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR):

Answer 32

Intrauterine growth restriction leading to a small-for-dates baby; associated with placental insufficiency

Question 33

Intromission:

Answer 33

Introduction of the penis into the vagina

Question 34

Justice:

Answer 34

Ensuring or maintaining what is considered to be just of fair according to predetermined criteria

Question 35

Karyotype:

Answer 35

Photographic reproduction of the chromosomes of a cell in metaphase arranged according to a standard classification

Question 36

Labor: Induced vs. Stimulated (Augmented)

Answer 36

Process of expulsion of fetus from uterus
Induced: Artificially initiated
Stimulated: Stimulated with oxytocin

Question 37

Human Placental Lactogen (hPL)

Answer 37

Polypeptide hormone that is produced by the syncytiotrophoblast; similar to prolactin and somatotropin from the pituitary

Involved in carbohydrate metabolism by the mother and fetus

Question 38

Laparoscopy:

Answer 38

Transabdominal endoscopic examination of the peritoneal cavity and its contents after inducing pneumoperitoneum

Question 39

Leiomyoma (fibroid):

Answer 39

Benign tumor of smooth muscle

Question 40

Leiomyosarcoma:

Answer 40

Uncommon malignant tumor of smooth muscle

Question 41

LEEP (Loop Electrosurgical Excition Procedure)/

LLETZ (Large Loop exception of transformation zone)

Answer 41

Uses thin, low voltage, electrified wire loop to cut out abnormal cervical tissue and treat cervical dysplasia

Question 42

Leukoplakia:

Answer 42

Imprecise clinical term usually referring to white lesions of the vulva

Question 43

Levator Muscle:

Answer 43

Muscular sheet consisting of the pelvic flood (pelvic diaphragm) and supports the pelvic viscera

Question 44

Libido

Answer 44

sexual desire or urge

Question 45

Lie:

Answer 45

Relationship of long acts of fetus to the long axis of mother–may be longitudinal, transverse, or oblique

Question 46

Cardinal ligament:

Answer 46

Dense connective tissue that unites the base of the broad ligament to the surpavaginal portion of the cervix and laterally to the sides of the pelvis

**Primary support of the uterus

Question 47

Uterosacral ligament:

Answer 47

Peritoneal folds containing CT, autonomic nerves, and involuntary mm

Arises on each side of the posterior wall of the uterus at about the level of the internal cervical os and passing back towards the rectum, inserting into sacral wall

**Provides axial support to uterus

Question 48

Tubal ligation:

Answer 48

Surgical/ mechanical interruption of continuity of fallopian tubes for purpose of PERMANENT contraception

Question 49

LMP, LNMP

Answer 49

Last menstrual period

Last NORMAL menstrual period

Question 50

Mastitis

Answer 50

Inflammation of breast

Question 51

Masturbation:

Answer 51

Sexual stimulation by manipulation of generals

Question 52

Maturation index:

Answer 52

Ratio of paranasal to intermediate to superficial vaginal epithelial cells (eg 0/20/80), which is an indication of ESTROGEN EFFECT

Question 53

Maturity:

Answer 53

Condition of the fetus weighing +/= 2500g

Question 54

Premature Rupture of Membranes (PROM):

Answer 54

Rupture of the amniotic membranes before the onset of labor

Question 55

Menarche vs. Menopause

Answer 55

Onset of menses vs. Permanent cessation of menses caused by ovarian failure or removal of ovaries…