Glossary Of Terms

Question 1

It is the sum total of the knowledge, skill, and practices based on the theories, beliefs, and experiences indigenous to different cultures, whether explicable or not, used in the maintenance of health as well as in the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical and mental illnesses.

Answer 1

Traditional medicine

Question 2

Includes herbs, herbal materials, herbal preparations and finished herbal products, that contain parts of plants, or other plant materials, or combinations as active ingredients

Answer 2

Complimentary medicine

Question 3

● Refer to in vitro and/or in vivo tests that are done to determine the biological or toxicological property of a test substance. These studies are prerequisite to human studies

Answer 3

Pre-clinical studies

Question 4

● Refer to studies involving human subjects that are aimed at determining the safety and/or efficacy of a test substance. These also include studies to determine the dosage range or the disposition of the test substance in the human body.

Answer 4

Clinical studies

Question 5

● acting to prevent or counteract the accumulation of lipids in the blood

Answer 5

Antihyperlipidemic

Question 6

● a substance that is effective against high blood pressure

Answer 6

Antihypertensive

Question 7

● preventing or inhibiting platelets from adhering to each other

Answer 7

Antiplatelet

Question 8

● counteracting inflammation

Answer 8

Anti-inflammatory

Question 9

● capable of preventing or relieving spasms or convulsions

Answer 9

Anti-spasmodic

Question 10

destroying or inhibiting the growth of microorganisms and especially pathogenic microorganisms

Answer 10

Antimicrobial

Question 11

progressive destruction of bone or tooth

Answer 11

Caries

Question 12

● An agent producing diminished sensation to pain without loss of consciousness: a drug that is used to relieve pain and produce analgesia

Answer 12

Analgesic

Question 13

● cough suppressant

Answer 13

Antitussive

Question 14

● preventing or alleviating fever

Answer 14

Antipyretic

Question 15

● excess uric acid in the blood

Answer 15

Hyperuricemia

Question 16

● An Act creating the “Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care (PITAHC)” to accelerate the development of traditional and alternative health care in the Philippines or otherwise known as “Traditional and Alternative Medicine Act (TAMA) of 1997”.

Answer 16

Republic Act 8423

Question 17

● a group of diverse medical and health care systems, practices, and products that are not presently considered to be part of conventional medicine.

Answer 17

Traditional & Alternative Health Care

Question 18

● the traditional medicine that originated in China, and is characterized by holism and treatment based on pattern identification/ syndrome differentiation

Answer 18

Traditional Oriental Medicine

Question 19

● that discipline of medical care advocating therapy with remedies that produce effects differing from those of the diseases treated; also called ‘allopathy’, ‘western medicine’, ‘regular medicine’, ‘conventional medicine’, ‘mainstream medicine’, ‘orthodox medicine’, or ‘cosmopolitan medicine’.

Answer 19

Biomedicine

Question 20

● refer to other forms of non-allopathic, occasionally non-indigenous or imported healing methods, though not necessarily practiced for centuries nor handed down from one generation to another; includes reflexology, acupuncture, massage, acupressure, chiropractic, nutritional therapy, yoga, tai chi, qi gong, prayer, reiki, pranic healing, mindfulness meditation, biofeedback, hypnosis, dance and other movement therapies, art and music therapy and other similar methods.

Answer 20

Alternative health care modalities

Question 21

● a comprehensive system of health care using traditional Chinese medical theory and its unique methods of diagnosis and treatments, for the promotion, maintenance and restoration of health and the prevention of disease. Its treatments techniques include, but are not limited to, the insertion of acupuncture needles through the skin and the use of other biophysical methods, e.g. the use of heat, oriental massage techniques, electrical stimulation, herbal supplemental therapies, dietary guidelines, breathing techniques, exercise, cupping, dermal friction, and acupressure based on traditional Chinese medical principles.

Answer 21

Acupuncture

Question 22

● process of issuing certificates requiring education and testing that assures the competency of practitioners and trainers, administered by PITAHC and other PITAHC accredited institutions.

Answer 22

National Certification

Question 23

● process of issuing certificates to training program, centers and clinics upon compliance with a prescribed set of requirements

Answer 23

National Accreditation

Question 24

● a summary of the standards by which acupuncturists agree to conduct their practice and is a declaration of the general principles of acceptable, ethical, professional behavior.

Answer 24

Code of Ethics

Question 25

● evaluation of documents submitted as evidences of experiences such as acupuncture training, work contract, certification from employers or agencies and other similar documents for review by PITAHC

Answer 25

Portfolio Assessment

Question 26

a practitioner of acupuncture who has also been licensed by the Philippines’ Professional Regulatory Commission (PRC) to practice medicine in the Philippines as a physician

Answer 26

Medical Acupuncturist

Question 27

a distinct method of healing, underpinned by a philosophical perspective which recognizes that all living forms possess a self-regulatory, inherent ability for self-healing. This inherent ability, or vital force, operates in an intelligent, orderly fashion. Naturopathic approaches to health care are aimed at supporting and enhancing the body’s own ability to heal itself.

Answer 27

Naturopathy

Question 28

is a philosophy of health and a formal system of diagnosis and of drug therapeutics that aims to stimulate the body’s own natural healing capacity, developed by Samuel Christian Friedrich Hahnemann in 1797.

Answer 28

Homeopathy

Question 29

● A practitioner of homeopathy, not licensed by the Philippines’ Professional Regulatory Commission (PRC) to practice medicine in the Philippines as a physician, but who has completed the prescribed homeopathy course in a learning institution accredited by the PITAHC National Certification Committee for Homeopathy.

Answer 29

Homeopath

Question 30

● A scientific therapeutic system in which complex homeopathic medications are used to treat conventionally diagnosed conditions. It is a bridge between classical and conventional pharmacology. It is a method of detoxification on the physical level in an organism, which is loaded with toxins. Dr. Hans Heinrich Reckeweg, German, developed the theory of homotoxicology in the 1950’s.

Answer 30

Homotoxicology

Question 31

● The science and art of the ancient Filipino healing tradition grounded on the principle of balance of the physical elements, together with the mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects of the person, with the use of manipulations for the prevention of disease and for the restoration and maintenance of health and well-being. it includes the use of medicinal plants and bulong/orasyon.

Answer 31

Hilot

Question 32

● The practitioner of Hilot, usually self-taught or non-formally trained by another manghihilot in accordance with Hilot principles

Answer 32

Manghihilot

Question 33

● The practitioner of Hilot who underwent formal training from an accredited Hilot training center/institution

Answer 33

Hilot practitioner

Question 34

● It is a health care profession concerned with the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disorders of the neuro-musculoskeletal system and the effects of these disorders on general health. There is an emphasis on manual techniques, including joint adjustment and/or manipulation, with a particular focus on subluxations.

Answer 34

Chiropractic

Question 35

● A duly-registered and licensed health care professional engaged in the practice of chiropractic, concerned with health issues of the neuro-musculoskeletal system and the effects of these disorders on general health. There is an emphasis on manual techniques, including joint adjustment and/or manipulation, with a particular focus on subluxations.

Answer 35

Chiropractor

Question 36

● Any chiropractic therapeutic procedure that ultimately uses controlled force, leverage, direction, amplitude and velocity, which is applied to specific joints and adjacent tissues. Chiropractors commonly used such procedures to influence joint and neuro-physiological function.

Answer 36

Adjustment

Question 37

● The study of structural, functional and mechanical aspects of human motion. It is concerned mainly with the external forces of either a static or dynamic nature, dealing with human movement.

Answer 37

Biomechanics

Question 38

● The sudden manual application of a controlled directional force upon a suitable part of the health care consumer, the delivery of and adjustment.

Answer 38

Thrust

Question 39

● An ancient Chinese therapeutic technique for treating and preventing diseases. It is a manipulative massage technique that employs the use of hands or any other part of the limb and applied to an acupuncture point or part of the body to maintain or restore yin and yang balance. It includes techniques such as pushing (Tui) and grasping (Na) of soft tissue, that are specific to the practice of TCM and are guided by its principles.

Answer 39

Tuina

Question 40

● The state whereby an articulation has become fully or partially immobilized in a certain position, restricting physiological movement.

Answer 40

Fixation

Question 41

● A manual procedure involving directed thrust to move a joint past the physiological range of motion, without exceeding the anatomical limit

Answer 41

Joint Manipulation

Question 42

● Pertaining to the musculoskeletal and nervous system in relation to disorders that manifest themselves in both the musculoskeletal and nervous systems, including disorders of a biomechanical or functional nature.

Answer 42

Neuro-musculoskeletal

Question 43

● The act of feeling with the hands. The application of variable manual pressure through the surface of the body for the purpose of determining the shape, size, consistency, position, inherent motility and health of the tissue beneath.

Answer 43

Palpation

Question 44

includes all procedures where the hands or mechanical devices are used to mobilize, adjust, manipulate, apply traction, massage stimulate or otherwise influence the spine and paca—spinal tissues with the aim of influencing the chiropractic health care consumer’s health

Answer 44

Spinal manipulative procedures

Question 45

● A lesion or dysfunction in a joint or motion segment in which alignment/ movement, integrity and/.or physiological function are altered, although contact between joint surfaces remains intact. It is essentially a functional entity, which may influence biomechanical and neural integrity. This definition is different from the current medical definition, in which subluxation is significant structural displacement, and therefore visible on static imaging studies.

Answer 45

Sublaxation

Question 46

● A theoretical model and description of the motion segment dysfunction, which incorporates the interaction of pathological changes in nerve, muscle, ligamentous vascular and connective tissue.

Answer 46

Sublaxation complex (vertebral)