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GCSE RP Buddhism 🪷 > Glossary (All Terms) > Flashcards

Glossary (All Terms) Flashcards

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1
Q

What does Amitabha Buddha mean?

A

The Buddha worshipped by Pure Land Buddhists

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2
Q

What does Anatta mean?

A

The idea that people do not have a permanent, fixed self or soul.

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3
Q

What does Anicca mean?

A

Impermanence; the idea that everything changes.

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4
Q

What does Arhat mean?

A

For Theravada Buddhists, someone who has become enlightened.

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5
Q

What does Ascetic mean?

A

Living a simple and strict lifestyle with few pleasures or possessions; follows ascetic practices.

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6
Q

What does Bodhisattva mean?

A

For Mahayana Buddhists, someone who has become enlightened but chooses to remain in the cycle samsara to help others achieve enlightenment as well.

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7
Q

What does Buddha mean?

A

A title given to someone who has achieved enlightenment; usually used to refer to Siddhartha Gautama.

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8
Q

What is Buddha Rupa?

A

A statue of the Buddha, often sitting cross-legged in a meditation pose.

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9
Q

What is Buddhahood?

A

When someone achieves enlightenment and becomes a Buddha.

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10
Q

What is Buddha-nature?

A

The idea that everyone has the essence of a Buddha inside of them.

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11
Q

What is Chanting?

A

In Buddhism, reciting from the Buddhist scriptures.

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12
Q

What does Dependent Arising mean?

A

The idea that all things arise in dependence upon conditions.

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13
Q

What is Dhamma/Dharma?

A

The Buddha’s teachings. 

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14
Q

What is Dukkha?

A

The first noble truth: there is suffering.

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15
Q

What is engaged Buddhism?

A

A movement in Buddhism that is particularly concerned with applying the Buddha’s teachings to matters of social and environmental injustice.

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16
Q

What is enlightenment?

A

The gaining of true knowledge about God, self or nature of reality, usually through meditation and self discipline in Buddhist/Hindu and Sikh traditions, gaining freedom from the cycle of rebirth.

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17
Q

What is ethics (sila)?

A

A section of the threefold way that emphasises the importance of skilful action as the basis for spiritual progress.

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18
Q

What is a festival?

A

A day or period of celebration for religious reasons.

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19
Q

What is Gompa?

A

A hall or building where Tibetan Buddhists meditate.

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20
Q

What is greed?

A

Selfish desire for something.

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21
Q

What is Jataka?

A

The Jataka tales are popular stories about the lives of the Buddha.

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22
Q

What is Kamma/karma?

A

A persons actions; the idea that skilful actions result in happiness and unskilful ones in suffering.

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23
Q

What is Karuna?

A

Compassion: feeling concerned for the suffering of other people and wanting to relieve their suffering.

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24
Q

What is Magga?

A

The fourth noble truth: the way to stop suffering; the Eightfold Path.

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25
Q

What is Mahayana Buddhism?

A

An umbrella term to describe some later Buddhist traditions, including Pure Land Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism and Zen Buddhism.

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26
Q

What is Mala?

A

Prayer beads that are used to count number of recitations in a mantra.

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27
Q

What is a Mandala?

A

An intricate, circle shaped pattern that is used for meditation.

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28
Q

What is a Mantra?

A

A short sequence of sacred syllables.

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29
Q

What is Mara?

A

A Demon that represents spiritual obstacles, especially temptation.

30
Q

What is meditation?

A

A practice of calming and focusing the mind, and reflecting deeply on specific teachings to penetrate their true meaning.

31
Q

What is meditation (samadhi)?

A

A section of the threefold way that emphasises the role of meditation in the process of spiritual development.

32
Q

What is Metta?

A

Loving – kindness; showing a benevolent, kind, friendly attitude towards other people.

33
Q

What is mindfulness of breathing?

A

A meditation practice focusing on the experience of breathing.

34
Q

What is a monastery (vihara)?

A

A place where Buddhist monks and nuns live.

35
Q

What is nibbana/nirvana?

A

A state of complete enlightenment, happiness and peace.

36
Q

What is nidanas?

A

12 factors that illustrate the process of birth, death and rebirth.

37
Q

What is nirodha?

A

The third noble truth: suffering can be stopped.

38
Q

What is pali?

A

The language of the earliest Buddhist Scriptures.

39
Q

What is Parinirvana Day?

A

A Mahayana festival that commemorates the Buddha’s passing away.

40
Q

What is puja?

A

An act of worship.

41
Q

What is Pure Land Buddhism?

A

A Mahayana form of Buddhism based on belief in Amitabha Buddha.

42
Q

What is a Retreat?

A

A period of time spent away from every day life in order to focus on meditation and practice.

43
Q

What is Samatha meditation?

A

Calming meditation; a type of meditation that involves calming the mind and developing deeper concentration.

44
Q

What is samsara?

A

Repeating cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth.

45
Q

What is Samudaya?

A

The second noble truth: there are causes of suffering.

46
Q

What is Sanskrit?

A

The language used in later Indian Buddhist texts.

47
Q

What is a Shrine?

A

An area with a statue of a Buddha or Bodhisattva which provides Buddhists with a focal point for meditation and devotion.

48
Q

What is a Stupa?

A

A small building in a monastery that sometimes contains holy relics.

49
Q

What does Sukhavati mean?

A

The paradise where Amitabha Buddha lives, and where Pure Land Buddhists aim to be reborn.

50
Q

What does Sunyata mean?

A

Emptiness; the concept that nothing has a separate, independent ‘self’ or ‘soul’. 

51
Q

What is Tanha?

A

Craving (desiring wanting something).

52
Q

What is a Temple?

A

A place where Buddhists come together to practise. 

53
Q

What is Thangka?

A

A detailed painting of a Buddha or Bodhisattva.

54
Q

What is The Eightfold Path?

A

Eight aspects that Buddhists practice and live by in order to achieve enlightenment.

55
Q

What are The Five Aggregates?

A

The five aspects that make up a person.

56
Q

What are The Five Ascetics?

A

The Buddha’s first five students; five monks who followed ascetic practices. 

57
Q

What are The Five Moral Precepts?

A

The five principles that Buddhists try to follow to live ethically and morally.

58
Q

What are The Four Noble Truths?

A

The four truths that the Buddha taught about suffering.

59
Q

What are the Four Sights?

A

Old age, illness, death, and a holy man; these Four sights led the Buddha to leave his life of luxury in the palace.

60
Q

What are The Four Sublime States?

A

The four qualities of love, compassion, sympathetic joy and equanimity which the Buddha taught that Buddhists should develop.

61
Q

What are The Six Perfections?

A

The six qualities or virtues that Mahayana Buddhist try to develop in order to live as Bodhisattvas.

62
Q

What are the three poisons?

A

Greed, hatred and ignorance; the main causes of suffering. 

63
Q

What are the three watches of the night?

A

The three realisations that the Buddha made in order to achieve enlightenment.

64
Q

What is the threefold way?

A

The Eightfold path grouped into the three sections of ethics, meditation and wisdom.

65
Q

What is the Tibetan wheel of life?

A

An image that symbolises Samsara, often found in Tibetan Buddhist monasteries and temples.

66
Q

What is Theravada Buddhism?

A

‘The school of the elders’; an ancient Buddhist tradition found in southern Asia.

67
Q

What does unskilful mean?

A

Bad, unethical actions or behaviour.

68
Q

What is Vipassana Meditation?

A

‘Insight meditation’; A type of meditation that involves developing understanding of the nature of reality.

69
Q

What is Visualisation?

A

Imagining or ‘seeing’ an object in one’s mind. 

70
Q

What is Wesak?

A

A Theravada festival that celebrates the Buddha’s birth, enlightenment and passing away.

71
Q

What is Wisdom (panna)?

A

A section of the threefold way that deals with Buddhist approaches to understanding the nature of reality.

72
Q

What is Zazen meditation?

A

A type of meditation in Zen Buddhism that requires awareness of the present moment. 

GCSE RP Buddhism 🪷 (17 decks)

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