Glossary Flashcards
a test which analyzes arterial blood for oxygen, carbon dioxide and bicarbonate content in addition to blood pH.
ABG - Arterial blood gas
This test is used to determine the effectiveness of respiration.
ABG - Arterial blood gas
Unique number given for each test request. This number identifies a specimen, as long as it remains in the laboratory.
Accession Number
Normally it is found in the human fetus, but abnormal levels of ____ may indicate a neural tube defect in an infant or another fetal developmental problem. The test is performed on maternal serum. If results are abnormal, a test on the amniotic fluid will be used to confirm the results.
AFP - alpha-fetoprotein
When a specimen is collected it may need to be divided to run several tests on it. Each ___ is a fraction of the specimen. Each ___ has its own tube for testing and is labeled with the same information as the original specimen.
aliquot
The practice of using antiseptics to eliminate the microorganism that cause disease
Antisepsis
This is used if the results are needed soon but not to present the patient from dying
ASAP
The state of being free from disease-causing contaminants (such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites) or, preventing contact with microorganisms. This term often refers to those practices used to promote or induce ___ in an operative field in surgery or medicine to prevent infection.
Asepsis
The absence of microorganisms.
Aseptic
The large vein on the inner-side of the biceps often chosen for intravenous injections and blood drawing.
Basilic vein
The basis of tort, in the case, is the unprivileged touching of one person by another. When a procedure is to be performed on a patient they must give consent in full knowledge of the procedure and the risks it may entail (informed consent).
Intentional touching of a patient without their consent.
The key element is that the touching is unauthorized, not that is be intended to harm the person; lack of consent.
battery
A test done to ascertain platelet function. A small incision is made in the forearm and a special paper is applied to the wound and then timed to see how long it takes the platelets to forma “plug” and stop the bleeding. Aspirin will affect results.
Bleeding time
The conversion of blood from a liquid form to a solid through the process of coagulation.
blood clot
A thrombus is a clot which forms inside of a blood vessel. If that clot moves inside the vessel, it is referred to as an embolus.
An infection transmitted from blood to blood
blood borne infection
A small needle with two plastic wings attached. A long 6-12” plastic tubing is attached. The entry angle should be 5 degrees.
Butterfly
A convenient ready-to-use intermediate level surface disinfectant that is effective against TB, HBV, HCV, viruses (hydrophilic and lipophilic), bacteria (including MRSA and VRE) and fungi. It can be used in the NICU operating rooms, isolation rooms, patient care areas and laboratories. When used as directed, it will also effectively clean and decontaminate critical and semi-critical instrumental.
CaviCide
CDC
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
A bacteria that is found in all things. This bacteria inside of our bodies can be triggered by taking antibiotics which then causes colitis, and inflammation of the colon.
C. Diff - Clostridium Dficile
____ refers to tracking each and every individual who has had access to or has been in possession of something. In medicine this often refers to the tracking of samples that will be used in criminal proceedings such as DUI cases or other criminal activity. ____ guidelines also apply to drug screenings, forensic studies, blood alcohol tests and paternity testing.
Chain of Custody
_______ are federal regulatory standards that apply to all clinical laboratory testing performed on humans in the US (with the exception of clinical trials and basic research). A clinical laboratory is defined by ____ as any facility which performs laboratory testing on specimens obtained from humans for the purpose of providing information for health assessments and for the diagnosis, prevention, or treatment of disease.
Each facility is given a unique number. All medicare claims for laboratory services must include the ____ number for the laboratory.
CLIA
Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments
Tests can be _____ under _____ if they are determined to be “simple tests with an insignificant risk of an erroneous result”.
waived, CLIA
A volunteer-driven, membership-supported, not-for-profit, standards development organization. ___ promotes the development and use of voluntary laboratory consensus standards and guidelines within the health care community.
CLSI - clinical and laboratory standards institute
The number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets (per cubic millimeter) that are present in a patient’s sample of blood is determined. Also included is the hematocrit (%), hemoglobin concentration (gm%), and the differential. The most common test done on the blood.
Complete Blood Count - CBC
The blood test has no fasting requirements but is preferably collected at the time the urine collection is completed. The ____ 24-hour urine test requires a patient void urine at 8am and discard the specimen. then collect all urine in the 24-hour period, ending with the final collection at 8am the next morning. Specimens must be handled and stored (refrigerated) correctly.
It is important to stay hydrated during the period of specimen collection. Exercise should be avoided prior to and during the period of specimen collection.
Creatinine clearance
