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DRE Stuff > Glossary > Flashcards

Glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Accommodation Reflex

A

The adjustment of the eyes for viewing at various distances. Pupils will constrict as objects move closer and dilate as objects move farther away.

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2
Q

Addiction

A

Habitual, Psychological, physiological dependence on a substance beyond one’s voluntary control.

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3
Q

Additive Effect

A

2 drugs produce an additive effect if the indicator the same way. HGN + HGN = Lots of HGN

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4
Q

Alkaloid

A

A chemical that is found in, and can be physically extracted from some substance.

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5
Q

Analgesic

A

A drug that relieves or allays pain

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6
Q

Analog (of a drug)

A

A chemical that is very similar to the drug, both in terms of molecular structure and in terms of psychoactive effects. For example, the drug ketamine is an analog of PCP.

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7
Q

Anesthetic

A

A drug that produces a general or local insensibility to pain and other sensation.

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8
Q

Antagonistic Effect

A

When 2 drugs produce this effect if they affect the indicator in opposite ways. A narcotic analgesic constricts pupils while a CNS Stimulant dilates pupils. Depending on how much of each drug was taken and the time they were consumed, the suspects pupils could be constricted, dilated or within the DRE average range.

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9
Q

Arrhythmia

A

An abnormal heart rate

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10
Q

Artery

A

The strong, elastic blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

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11
Q

Autonomic Nerve

A

A motor nerve that carries messages to the muscles and organs that we do not consciously control. 2 kinds of these nerves include sympathetic and parasympathetic.

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12
Q

Axon

A

The part of a neuron (Nerve cell) that sends out a neurotransmitter.

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13
Q

BAC

A

Blood Alcohol Concentration - the percentage of alcohol in a person’s blood

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14
Q

BrAC

A

Breath Alcohol Concentration -The percentage of alcohol in a person’s blood as measured by a breath testing device.

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15
Q

Blood Pressure

A

The force exerted by blood on the walls of the arteries. Blood pressure changes continuously as the heart cycles between contraction and expansion.

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16
Q

Bradycardia

A

Abnormally slow heart rate

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17
Q

Bradypnea

A

Abnormally slow rate of breathing

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18
Q

Bruxism

A

Grinding of the teeth

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19
Q

Cannabis

A

drug category includes marijuana. Active ingredient is THC ( Delta 9- tetrahydrocannabinol)

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20
Q

Carboxy THC

A

A metabolite of THC

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21
Q

Cheyne-Stokes Respiration

A

Abnormal pattern of breathing. Marked by breathlessness and deep, fast breathing.

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22
Q

CNS

A

Central Nervous System - A system within the body consisting of the BRAIN, the BRAIN STEM, and the SPINAL CORD.

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23
Q

Conjunctivitis

A

Pink Eye, could be mistaken for bloodshot eyes produced by alcohol or cannabis. It’s an inflammation of the mucous membrane that lines the inner surface of the eyelids. May be in one eye only.

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24
Q

Convergence

A

The crossing of the eyes that occurs when a person is able to focus on a stimulus as it is pushed slowly towards the bridge of their nose.

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25
Q

Crack/Rock

A

Cocaine base, appears as a hard chunk from resembling pebbles or small rocks. It produces a very intense, but relatively short duration “high”.

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26
Q

Curriculum Vitae

A

A written summary of a persons education, training experience, noteworthy achievements and other relevant information about a particular topic.

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27
Q

Cylic Behavior

A

when the suspect alternates between periods of intense agitation and relative calm.

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28
Q

Delirium

A

A brief state characterized by incoherent excitement, confused speech restlessness and possible hallucinations.

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29
Q

Dendrite

A

The part of a neuron (nerve cell) that receives a neurotransmitter

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30
Q

Diacetyl Morphine

A

The chemical name for Heroin

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31
Q

Diastolic

A

Lowest value of blood pressure, reached when the heart is fully expanded/relaxed.

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32
Q

Diplopia

A

Double Vision

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33
Q

Divided Attention

A

Concentrating on more than one thing at a time. The for psychophysical tests used by DREs require the suspect to divide their attention.

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34
Q

Downside Effect

A

An effect that my occur when the body reacts to the presence of a drug by producing hormones or neurotransmitters to counteract the effects of the drug consumed.

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35
Q

Drug

A

Any substance that, when taken into the human body, can impair the ability of the person to operate a vehicle safely.

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36
Q

Dysarthia

A

Slurred Speech. Difficult, poorly articulated speech.

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37
Q

Dyspnea

A

Shortness of breath.

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38
Q

Dysmetria

A

Abnormal condition that prevents the affected person from properly estimating distances linked to muscular movements.

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39
Q

Dysphoria

A

A disorder of mood. Feelings of depression or anguish

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40
Q

Endocrine System

A

Network of glands that DO NOT have ducts or other structures. They secrete hormones into the blood stream to affect a number of bodily functions.

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41
Q

What is a flashback?

A

Vivid recollection of a portion of a hallucinogenic experience. A very intense daydream There are 3 types

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42
Q

What is emotional flashbacks?

A

Feelings of Panic or fear

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43
Q

What are somatic flashbacks?

A

Altered body sensations, tremors, dizziness, etc

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44
Q

What are Perceptual flashbacks?

A

distortions of vision, hearing, smell, etc.

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45
Q

Gait Ataxia

A

An unsteady, staggered pair (walk). Walking appears to be “not ordered”.

46
Q

Garrulity

A

Rambling, pointless speech. Talkative.

47
Q

Hallucination

A

A sensory experience of something that does not exist outside of the mind. e.g.. Seeing something that is not there. Also having a distorted sensory distortion do that things appear differently than they are.

48
Q

Hashish

A

A form of cannabis made from the dried and pressed resin of a marijuana plant.

49
Q

Hash oil

A

Also referred to as marijuana oil.

It’s a highly concentrated syrup-like oil extracted from marijuana.

50
Q

How is Hash oil made?

A

By soaking marijuana a container of solvent such as acetone or alcohol for several hours and after the solvent has evaporated, a thick syrup like oil is produced with a high THC content.

51
Q

Heroin

A

chemically derived from morphine, generic name is diacetyl morphine.

52
Q

Hormones

A

Chemicals that are produced by the body’s endocrine system that are carried through the blood stream to the target organ. the exert great influence on the growth/development of the individual and aid in the regulation of numerous body processes.

53
Q

Hydroxy THC

A

A metabolite of THC

54
Q

Hyperflexia

A

Exaggerated or overextended motions

55
Q

Hyperglycemia

A

Excess sugar in the blood

56
Q

Hypernea

A

A deep, rapid of labored breathing

57
Q

Hyperrexia

A

Extremely high body temperature

58
Q

Hyperreflexia

A

A neurological condition marked by increased reflex reactions.

59
Q

Hypertension

A

Abnormally high blood pressure

60
Q

Hypoglycemia

A

An abnormal decrease in blood sugar levels

61
Q

Hyponea

A

Shallow or slow breathing

62
Q

Hypotension

A

Abnormally low blood pressure

63
Q

Hypothermia

A

Decreased body temperature

64
Q

Ice

A

A crystalline form of methamphetamine

65
Q

integumentary system

A

The skin and accessory structures, hair and nails. Functions include protection, maintenance od body temp, excretion of waste and sensory perceptions.

66
Q

Intraocular

A

within the eyeball

67
Q

Korotkoff sounds

A

A series of distinct sounds produced by blood passing through an artery as the external pressure on the artery drops from the systolic value to the diastolic value.

68
Q

Major indicators

A

Physiological signs that are specifically assessed and are, for the most part, involuntary reflecting the status of the central nervous system.

69
Q

Marijuana

A

Common term for the cannabis sativa plant. Usually refers to the dried leaves of the plant. Most common form of the cannabis category.

70
Q

Marinol

A

Synthetic form of THC. Belongs to cannabis category but not produced from any species of cannabis plant.

71
Q

Anabolisim

A

1st phase of the digestive process, smaller molecules are converted into larger molecules

72
Q

Catabolisim

A

2nd phase of the digestive process, large molecules are broken down into smaller molecules

73
Q

Metabolisim

A

The sum of all chemical processes that take place in the body as they relate to movements of nutrients in the blood after digestion, resulting in the growth, energy, release of waste and other body functions.

74
Q

Metabolite

A

A chemical product formed by the reaction of a drug with oxygen and/or other substances in the body.

75
Q

Miosis

A

Abnormally small (constricted) pupils

76
Q

Motor Nerves

A

Nerves that carry messages away from the brain, to the body’s muscles, tissues and organs. Motor nerves are known as efferent nerves.

77
Q

Muscular Hypertonicity

A

Rigid Muscle Tone

78
Q

Mydriasis

A

Abnormally large (dilated) pupils

79
Q

Nerve

A

A cord-like finer that carries messages either to or from the brain

80
Q

Neuron

A

A nerve cell. basic functional unit of a nerve.

81
Q

Neurotransmitter

A

Chemicals that pass from the axon of one nerve cell to the dendrite of the next cell, they carry messages across the gap between the two nerve cells.

82
Q

Pallor

A

An abnormal paleness or lack of color in the skin

83
Q

paranoia

A

Mental disorder characterized by delusions and the projection of personal conflicts that are ascribed to the supposed hostility of others.

84
Q

Parasympathetic neve

A

An autonomic nerve that commands relax and tranquil activities. The send “at ease” commands to the muscles, tissues and organs.

85
Q

Parasympathomimetic Drugs

A

Drugs that mimic the neurotransmitter associated with parasympathetic nerves. lower blood pressure, cause drowsiness, etc.

86
Q

Phencyclidine

A

An shortened version of Phenyl Cyclohexyl piperidine (PCP)

87
Q

Physiology

A

the branch of biology dealing with the functions and activities of life or living matter and the physical and chemical phenomena involved.

88
Q

Polydrug Use

A

ingesting drugs from 2 or more categories

89
Q

Psychedelic

A

profound sense of intensified or altered sensory perception, sometimes accompanied by hallucinations

90
Q

Psychotogenic

A

means “creating psychosis”. Persons under the influence of a psychotogenic drug become insane and remain so after the drug wears off.

91
Q

Psychotomimetic

A

means “mimicking psychosis”. people under the influxes of psychotomimetic drugs look and act insane WHILE they are under the influence.

92
Q

Ptosis

A

Droopy eyelids

93
Q

Pulse

A

The expansion and contraction of the walls of an artery, generated by the pumping action of the blood.

94
Q

Pulse Rate

A

The number of expansions of an artery per minute

95
Q

Pupilary Light Reflex

A

Pupils will constrict/dilate depending on changes in lighting condition.

96
Q

Pupillary Unrest

A

The continuous, irregular change in the size of the pupils under room or steady light conditions

97
Q

Resting nystagmus

A

Jerking of the eyes as the look straight ahead

98
Q

Sclera

A

white part of the eye

99
Q

Sensory Nerves

A

carry messages to the brain from various parts of the body (i.e. ears, eyes) Also known as Afferent nerves

100
Q

Sinsemilla

A

unpollenated female cannabis plat, high THC

101
Q

Insuflation

A

Snorting

102
Q

Sympathetic Nerve

A

autonomic nerve- commands the body to react in response to excitement, stress and fear. Ie wake up calls and fire alarms.

103
Q

Sympathomimetic drugs

A

mimic the neurotransmitter associated with sympathetic nerves. i.e. elevated blood pressure, dilated pupils, etc

104
Q

Synapse

A

also known as synaptic gap, space between two neurons (nerve cells)

105
Q

Tachycardia

A

Abnormally rapid heart rate

106
Q

tachypnea

A

Abnormally rapid rate of breathing

107
Q

THC

A

Tetrahydrocannabinol - principal psychoactive ingredient int drugs belonging to the cannabis category

108
Q

Vein

A

blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart from the body tissues

109
Q

Voir Dire

A

“to see, to say” - to seek the truth

110
Q

voluntary nerve

A

A motor nerve, carries messages to a muscle we consciously control

DRE Stuff (14 decks)

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