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Myco-Viro > Glossary 2 > Flashcards

Glossary 2 Flashcards

1
Q

synonymous with cottony or wooly. Type of texture formed by large quantities of aerial hyphae usually arranged in a tangled manner.

A

floccose

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2
Q

aka 5’ primers, these are PCR primers that are complementary to the anti-sense strand of ds-DNA and therefore responsible for its amplification. It occurs at the 5’ end of the PCR product. Primarily, it anneals to the antisense strand or negative strand of the double-stranded DNA, which runs from 3’ to 5’ direction. Antisense strand or the coding strand serves as the template strand for the synthesis of mRNA.

A

forward primer

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3
Q

is the presence of fungi in the blood. The most common agent of fungemia is Candida albicans

A

fungemia

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4
Q

capable of inhibiting the growth of fungi

A

fungicidal

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5
Q

Soil-seeking, earth-loving. A dermatophyte having soil as its primary reservoir.

A

geophilic

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5
Q

refers to the range of different inherited traits within a species

A

genetic diversity

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6
Q

an elongated or tube-like structure that emerges from a spore, with no constriction at the point of origin. The presence of germ tubes can be used to presumptively identify the presence of Candida albicans.

A

germ tube

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7
Q

biological agents that can potentially cause harm to humans and animals when exposed

A

hazards

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8
Q

adherence of red blood cells on a virally infected cell culture

A

hemadsorption

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9
Q

(an acronym for High Efficiency Particulate Air) a mechanical filter that is capable of trapping and removing particles and microorganisms from the air

A

HEPA filter

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10
Q

a member of the human Herpesviridae family that can cause oral and genital infections

A

Human Simplex Virus (HSV)

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11
Q

microscopic structures are clear or colorless.

A

hyaline

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12
Q

A vegetative filament of a fungus.

A

hypha (pl. hyphae)

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13
Q

A serologic test based on precipitation reaction to determine the presence of antibody to fungal antigen by double diffusion technique in gel medium.

A

immunodiffusion

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14
Q

refers to a person’s complete set of chromosomes

A

karyotype

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15
Q

A simple serologic procedure wherein the antibody formed following a fungal disease is detected through the clumping of antigen coated particles.

A

latex agglutination

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16
Q

rootlike structures that anchors the fungus to the substrate and also utilized in the absorption of nutrients

A

rhizoids

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17
Q

the ability to detect all patients with a specific disease.

A

sensitivity

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18
Q

an organism which requires organic material as a source of energy.

A

saprobe

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19
Q

a culture medium primarily used for fungal cultivation and isolation of dermatophytes

A

saboraud dextrose agar

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20
Q

having cross walls or partitions

A

septate

21
Q

a reproductive propagule produced internally by “free cell” formation, as in the ascomycete, i.e., complete spores formed all at once around the nuclei available or by “progressive cleavage” as in a sporangium.

A

spore

22
Q

destruction of all life forms, including the bacterial spores.

A

sterilization

23
Q

a horizontal hypha from which hyphae, rhizoids or sporangiophore develop.

A

stolon

24
Q

material on which the fungus is growing.

A

substrate

25
Q

or also known as sensitive. The microbe is unable to grow in the presence of a particular antimicrobial

A

susceptible

26
Q

thermostable DNA polymerase used during PCR amplification. It can withstand high temperature without being denatured. It is extremely heat resistant with a half-life of 40 minutes at 95 °C. It is derived from a heat-tolerant bacterium, Thermus aquaticus. It is also abbreviated as Taq pol.

A

Taq polymerase

27
Q

used to preserve the integrity of the specimen from the time of collection up to the laboratory processing

A

transport medium

28
Q

equipment used to visualize target DNAs and proteins by emitting high levels of ultraviolet rays through the viewing surface.

A

UV transilluminator

29
Q

a human herpes virus that can cause the highly contagious chickenpox

A

Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)

30
Q

capable of inactivating or destroy viruses

A

virucidal

31
Q

predominantly a unicellular fungus, usually round or ovoid, that reproduces by budding.

A

yeast

32
Q

a culture medium that is useful for yeast identification made from peptone and yeast extract

A

yeast fermentation broth

33
Q

a circular area surrounding the antibiotic disk showing no visible growth of the inoculum

A

zone of inhibition

34
Q

are commercially available or laboratory prepared solutions used to standardize the approximate amount of bacteria or fungi in a liquid suspension. Standardization is done by either visual or spectrophotometric comparison of the turbidity of the bacterial or fungal suspension to the McFarland standard. If the turbidity is the same, the suspension is said to be standardized. A commonly used McFarland standard in clinical microbiology is the 0.5 McFarland standard, wherein its turbidity corresponds to approximately 1.5 x 10% cfu/mL.

A

McFarland standard

35
Q

this is the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial that inhibits the visible growth of a bacteria or fungi. It is usually expressed in g/mL.

A

minimum inhibitory concentration

36
Q

a.k.a. candidiasis, a fungal infection caused by a yeast, Candida albicans

A

moniliasis

37
Q

fungal colonies composed of hyphae

A

mould or mold

38
Q

same definition as hyaline

A

moniliaceous

39
Q

like a wall; multicellular, with both transverse and longitudinal septations.

A

muriform

40
Q

colony with hyphae that do not produce conidia or spores

A

mycelia sterilia

41
Q

the mass of hyphae making up a fungus colony.

A

mycelium

42
Q

pertaining to fungi

A

mycotic

43
Q

a clear zone of lysis due to successive infection of host cells by a virus

A

plaque

44
Q

is defined as the presence of two or more variant forms of a specific DNA sequence that happen among different individuals or populations. SNP or single nucleotide polymorphism is the most common type.

A

polymorphisms

45
Q

a general purpose basal medium made from potato infusion and dextrose used to isolate yeasts and molds

A

potato dextrose agar

46
Q

set of media inoculated from the specimen obverse - referring to the surface

A

primary culture

47
Q

place where the fungus is found in nature.

A

reservoir

48
Q

the microbe is able to grow in the presence of a particular antimicrobial

A

resistant

49
Q

aka 3’ primers, these primers are complementary to the sense or the (+) strand of the ds-DNA and therefore responsible for its amplification. It occurs at the 3’ end of the PCR product.
Primarily, it anneals to the sense strand or positive strand of the double-stranded DNA, which runs from 5’ to 3’ direction. The sense strand is complementary to the template strand and therefore, it is known as the anticoding strand.

A

reverse primer

50
Q

reffering to surface

A

obverse

51
Q

meaning of PCR

A

Polymerase Chain Reaction

Myco-Viro (7 decks)

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