Glossary 2 Flashcards
synonymous with cottony or wooly. Type of texture formed by large quantities of aerial hyphae usually arranged in a tangled manner.
floccose
aka 5’ primers, these are PCR primers that are complementary to the anti-sense strand of ds-DNA and therefore responsible for its amplification. It occurs at the 5’ end of the PCR product. Primarily, it anneals to the antisense strand or negative strand of the double-stranded DNA, which runs from 3’ to 5’ direction. Antisense strand or the coding strand serves as the template strand for the synthesis of mRNA.
forward primer
is the presence of fungi in the blood. The most common agent of fungemia is Candida albicans
fungemia
capable of inhibiting the growth of fungi
fungicidal
Soil-seeking, earth-loving. A dermatophyte having soil as its primary reservoir.
geophilic
refers to the range of different inherited traits within a species
genetic diversity
an elongated or tube-like structure that emerges from a spore, with no constriction at the point of origin. The presence of germ tubes can be used to presumptively identify the presence of Candida albicans.
germ tube
biological agents that can potentially cause harm to humans and animals when exposed
hazards
adherence of red blood cells on a virally infected cell culture
hemadsorption
(an acronym for High Efficiency Particulate Air) a mechanical filter that is capable of trapping and removing particles and microorganisms from the air
HEPA filter
a member of the human Herpesviridae family that can cause oral and genital infections
Human Simplex Virus (HSV)
microscopic structures are clear or colorless.
hyaline
A vegetative filament of a fungus.
hypha (pl. hyphae)
A serologic test based on precipitation reaction to determine the presence of antibody to fungal antigen by double diffusion technique in gel medium.
immunodiffusion
refers to a person’s complete set of chromosomes
karyotype
A simple serologic procedure wherein the antibody formed following a fungal disease is detected through the clumping of antigen coated particles.
latex agglutination
rootlike structures that anchors the fungus to the substrate and also utilized in the absorption of nutrients
rhizoids
the ability to detect all patients with a specific disease.
sensitivity
an organism which requires organic material as a source of energy.
saprobe
a culture medium primarily used for fungal cultivation and isolation of dermatophytes
saboraud dextrose agar
having cross walls or partitions
septate
a reproductive propagule produced internally by “free cell” formation, as in the ascomycete, i.e., complete spores formed all at once around the nuclei available or by “progressive cleavage” as in a sporangium.
spore
destruction of all life forms, including the bacterial spores.
sterilization
a horizontal hypha from which hyphae, rhizoids or sporangiophore develop.
stolon
material on which the fungus is growing.
substrate
or also known as sensitive. The microbe is unable to grow in the presence of a particular antimicrobial
susceptible
thermostable DNA polymerase used during PCR amplification. It can withstand high temperature without being denatured. It is extremely heat resistant with a half-life of 40 minutes at 95 °C. It is derived from a heat-tolerant bacterium, Thermus aquaticus. It is also abbreviated as Taq pol.
Taq polymerase
used to preserve the integrity of the specimen from the time of collection up to the laboratory processing
transport medium
equipment used to visualize target DNAs and proteins by emitting high levels of ultraviolet rays through the viewing surface.
UV transilluminator
a human herpes virus that can cause the highly contagious chickenpox
Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV)
capable of inactivating or destroy viruses
virucidal
predominantly a unicellular fungus, usually round or ovoid, that reproduces by budding.
yeast
a culture medium that is useful for yeast identification made from peptone and yeast extract
yeast fermentation broth
a circular area surrounding the antibiotic disk showing no visible growth of the inoculum
zone of inhibition
are commercially available or laboratory prepared solutions used to standardize the approximate amount of bacteria or fungi in a liquid suspension. Standardization is done by either visual or spectrophotometric comparison of the turbidity of the bacterial or fungal suspension to the McFarland standard. If the turbidity is the same, the suspension is said to be standardized. A commonly used McFarland standard in clinical microbiology is the 0.5 McFarland standard, wherein its turbidity corresponds to approximately 1.5 x 10% cfu/mL.
McFarland standard
this is the lowest concentration of an antimicrobial that inhibits the visible growth of a bacteria or fungi. It is usually expressed in g/mL.
minimum inhibitory concentration
a.k.a. candidiasis, a fungal infection caused by a yeast, Candida albicans
moniliasis
fungal colonies composed of hyphae
mould or mold
same definition as hyaline
moniliaceous
like a wall; multicellular, with both transverse and longitudinal septations.
muriform
colony with hyphae that do not produce conidia or spores
mycelia sterilia
the mass of hyphae making up a fungus colony.
mycelium
pertaining to fungi
mycotic
a clear zone of lysis due to successive infection of host cells by a virus
plaque
is defined as the presence of two or more variant forms of a specific DNA sequence that happen among different individuals or populations. SNP or single nucleotide polymorphism is the most common type.
polymorphisms
a general purpose basal medium made from potato infusion and dextrose used to isolate yeasts and molds
potato dextrose agar
set of media inoculated from the specimen obverse - referring to the surface
primary culture
place where the fungus is found in nature.
reservoir
the microbe is able to grow in the presence of a particular antimicrobial
resistant
aka 3’ primers, these primers are complementary to the sense or the (+) strand of the ds-DNA and therefore responsible for its amplification. It occurs at the 3’ end of the PCR product.
Primarily, it anneals to the sense strand or positive strand of the double-stranded DNA, which runs from 5’ to 3’ direction. The sense strand is complementary to the template strand and therefore, it is known as the anticoding strand.
reverse primer
reffering to surface
obverse
meaning of PCR
Polymerase Chain Reaction
