Glomerulonephritis

Question 1

Identify 5 symptoms of nephritic syndrome

Answer 1

Haematuria- with red cell casts
Oedema
Hypertension
Oliguria and Uraemia
Proteinuria

Question 2

What distinguishes acute nephritic syndrome and RPGN?

Answer 2

It doesn’t present with crescent formation in the glomerulus on biopsy

Question 3

What are the three characteristic features of RPGN?

Answer 3

Haematuria with red cell casts/dysmorphic red blood cells
Glomerular necrosis with crescent shape
Rapidly developing acute kidney failure

Question 4

Name a bacteria that can cause GN in children

Answer 4

Streptococcal infection

Question 5

What cardiac infection is associated with GN

Answer 5

Infective endocarditis

Question 6

What characterises IgA nephropathy histologically? What else makes this stand out?

Answer 6

Mesangial proliferation and IgA deposits.

follows upper respiratory/GI viral infection

Question 7

What inheritance does Alport’s syndrome show?

What pathologies occur in Alport’s alongside nephritis?

Answer 7

X-linked inherited

nerve deafness and ocular abnormalities

Question 8

What pathology is shared by GPA and MPA?

What makes them differ?

Answer 8

Focal necrotising lesions causing lung haemorrhages, AKI, purpuric rash
GPA is PR3-ANCA positive
MPA is anti-MPO positive